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mirror of https://github.com/mastodon/documentation synced 2025-04-11 22:56:17 +02:00
trwnh 3628b6d434
Update content for 4.0 (part 1) (#991)
* add rules

* join date on profiles

* deprecate follow scope

* deprecate identity proofs

* familiar followers

* use definition lists instead of tables for defining activitypub properties

* reformat notifications page into markdown

* fix broken links to publicKey header

* Application website is now nullable

* update environment variables added and removed

* fix typo

* fix heading level

* min_id and max_id can be used at the same time (3.3)

* fix typo

* new tootctl options

* reformat tootctl page to use definition lists for params

* add rules and configuration to Instance

* fix typo

* refactor instance api page

* 3.3.0 duration on mutes

* 3.3.0 mute_expires_at

* improve section headings

* 3.4.0 resend email confirmation api

* 3.4.0 policy on push subscriptions

* 3.4.0 add details to account registration error

* refactor accounts api page and start adding relrefs to entity pages

* 3.4.0 accounts/lookup api

* add see also to accounts methods

* add more see-also links

* 3.5.0 appeal mod decisions

* 3.5.0 reformat reports and add category/rule_ids params

* document report entity and missing responses

* fix typos

* fix relrefs and url schema, add aliases to old urls

* add archetypes for new methods/entities

* update archetypes with see-also stubs

* clearer presentation of rate limits

* announcements api methods

* refactor apps methods

* refactor bookmarks methods + some anchors

* refactor conversations methods

* custom_emojis methods refactor

* anchors

* refactor directory methods

* refactor domain_blocks methods

* add see also to emails methods

* fix page relref shortcodes to specific methods + refactor endorsements methods

* min_id max_id

* refactor favourites methods

* refactor featured_tags methods

* refactor filters methods, make path params consistent, i18n required shortcode

* follow_requests methods

* lists methods

* markers methods

* forgot to add entity links

* media methods, also fix formatting of some json errors

* mutes methods, add more see-also links

* oembed methods

* preferences methods

* proofs methods

* push methods

* suggestions methods

* 3.5.0 add new trend types, fix formatting

* refactor streaming methods

* refactor oauth methods

* note that streaming api casts payload to string

* refactor search methods

* refactor polls methods

* remove unnecessary link

* reformat scheduled_statuses methods

* reformat timelines methods

* reformat statuses methods

* 3.5.0 editing statuses

* consistent use of array brackets in form data parameters

* update dev setup guide, add vagrant and clean up text

* add admin/accounts methods

* 3.6 role entity

* admin/accounts methods v2

* minor fix

* stub admin/reports methods

* document admin reports

* add 403 example to methods archetype

* cleanup entities for admin reports and add new attrs

* 3.6.0 domain allows methods + normalize admin entity namespace

* fix search-and-replace error

* add aliases for admin entities

* 3.6.0 canonical email blocks entity

* 3.5.0 admin/retention api

* 3.5.0 add admin::ip doc

* 3.5.0 admin/reports

* 3.6.0 admin/domain_allows

* 3.5.0 admin/dimensions

* 3.6.0 permissions and roles

* minor formatting fix

* add anchor link to headings

* checkpoint

* add update commands to dev env setup guide

* change mentions of v3.6 to v4.0

* tootctl now uses custom roles

* fix formatting

* v2 instance api

* update frontmatter, add better titles to pages

* minor wording change

* consistency

* add more aliases

* add placeholders and WIP notices

* explain link pagination and stub out todos

* switch baseURL to https

* 422 on reports with rules but category!=violation

* document bug fixes

* fix typo

* remove duplicate API method definition

* s/tootsuite/mastodon for github links

* remove unnecessary escaping

* s/tootsuite/mastodon in Entity archetype

* add missing nullable shortcode

* clarify oauth scope when requesting a user token

* api/v2/media now synchronous for images

* DISALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED_API_ACCESS

* add undocumented env variables

* add instance domain blocks and extended description api

* add SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS

* add description to SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS

* take suggestions from open PRs

* normalize links and flavour language

* Fully document streaming API based on source code

* Add mention of MIME types

* bump to ruby 3.0.4

* clarify how to check on async media processing

* validation of replies_policy

* remove TODOs on admin account action

* EmailDomainBlocks

* IpBlocks

* Admin::DomainBlock

* remove TODOs

* following hashtags

* followed_tags

* remove reference to unused parameter

* add new oauth scopes for admin blocks and allows

* fix command signature for i18n-tasks normalize

* reformat code structure page

* document fixes for following tags (assume 4.0.3)

* Add warning about pre-4.0 hardcoded roles

* add note about case sensitivity

* remove use of 'simply' from docs

* remove reference to silencing

* add reference to IDN normalization for verified links

* add lang parameter
2022-11-20 07:34:38 +01:00

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title description menu
迁移到新机器 在不损失任何东西的情况下把你的Mastodon复制安装至新的服务器上。
docs
weight parent
90 admin

有时出于各种原因你需要将你的Mastodon实例从一台服务器迁移至另一台。幸运的是这个过程并不太困解虽然这可能导致一段时间的下线。

{{< hint style="info" >}} 本篇指南基于Ubuntu Server编写根据其他设置的不同你的过程可能会有变化。 {{< /hint >}}

基本步骤

  1. 依照[产品指南]({{< relref "install" >}})安装新的Mastodon服务器切记不要运行 mastodon:setup)。
  2. 停止旧服务器上的Mastodonsystemctl stop 'mastodon-*.service')。
  3. 依照如下指示导出并导入Postgres数据库。
  4. 依照如下指示,复制 system/ 目录下文件。注意如果你使用S3存储你可以跳过此步
  5. 复制 .env.production 文件。
  6. 运行 RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails assets:precompile 编译 Mastodon。
  7. 运行 RAILS_ENV=production ./bin/tootctl feeds build 重新构建每个用户的主页时间流。
  8. 启动新服务器上的Mastodon。
  9. 更新DNS设置将其指向新服务器。
  10. 更新或复制你的Nginx设置如果必要的话可重获取LetsEncrypt证书。
  11. 享受你的新服务器!

详细步骤

什么数据需要被迁移

你必须需要复制如下内容:

  • ~/live/public/system目录里面包含了用户上传的图片与视频如果使用S3可跳过此步
  • Postgres数据库使用pg_dump
  • ~/live/.env.production文件,里面包含了服务器配置与密钥

不太重要的部分,为了方便起见,你也可以复制如下内容:

  • nginx配置文件位于/etc/nginx/sites-available/default
  • systemd配置文件/etc/systemd/system/mastodon-*.service),里面可能包括一些你服务器的调优与个性化
  • pgbouncer配置文件位于 /etc/pgbouncer 如果你使用pgbouncer的话

导出并导入Postgres数据库

不要运行mastodon:setup,而是创建一个名为template0的空白Postgres数据库当导入Postgres导出文件时这是很有用的参见pg_dump文档)。

在你的旧系统,使用mastodon用户运行如下命令:

pg_dump -Fc mastodon_production -f backup.dump

使用 rsyncscp 复制 backup.dump 文件。然后在新系统,使用mastodon帐户创建一个空数据库:

createdb -T template0 mastodon_production

然后导入它:

pg_restore -U mastodon -n public --no-owner --role=mastodon \
  -d mastodon_production backup.dump

(注意:如果新服务器上的帐户名不是mastodon,你应当修改上面命令中 -U --role 参数。两台服务器的用户名不同也可以。)

复制文件

本操作可能花费一些时间,若你希望避免不必要重复制,建议使用rsync。在你的旧机器上,使用mastodon用户,运行:

rsync -avz ~/live/public/system/ mastodon@example.com:~/live/public/system/

如果旧服务器上任何文件有改动,你需要重运行此命令。

你同样需要复制.env.production文件,该文件内含密钥。

可选的你可以复制nginx、systemd、pgbouncer配置文件或者从头开始重写它们。

迁移期间

你可以编辑旧机器上的~/live/public/500.html页面,如果你希望展示一个优雅的错误信息,让现有用户知晓正在进行迁移。

你也应该提前一天将DNS TTL设置为较小数值30-60分钟。这样当你把DNS指向新IP后新纪录可以很快扩散开来。

迁移后

你可以使用whatsmydns.net来查看DNS扩散的过程。为了跳过这个过程你可以修改你自己的/etc/hosts文件,将其指向你的新服务器,这样你可以尽早开始使用新服务器。

{{< translation-status-zh-cn raw_title="Migrating to a new machine" raw_link="/admin/migrating/" last_tranlation_time="2020-05-06" raw_commit="ad1ef20f171c9f61439f32168987b0b4f9abd74b">}}