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| title | description | menu | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderation actions | Actions that can be taken against unwanted users or domains. |
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Moderating individual users
Moderation in Mastodon is always applied locally, i.e. as seen from the particular server. An admin or moderator on one server cannot affect a user on another server, they can only affect the local copy on their own server.
As of v3.5.0, all default user moderation decisions will notify the affected user by email. The user can access an appeal page, where they can submit one appeal within 20 days of the decision. Moderators can approve or reject the appeal.
Sensitive
When an account is marked as sensitive, all media that user posts will be automatically marked as sensitive.
Freeze
A Mastodon account can be frozen. This prevents the user from doing anything with the account, but all of the content is still there untouched. This limitation is reversible; the account can be un-frozen at any time. This limitation is only available for local users on your server.
When a user's account is frozen, they are redirected to their Account Settings page, where the following message is displayed:
You can no longer login to your account or use it in any other way, but your profile and other data remains intact.
When the user's account is un-frozen, normal functionality resumes.
Limit
Previously known as "silencing". A limited account is hidden to all other users on that instance, except for its followers. All of the content is still there, and it can still be found via search, mentions, and following, but the content is invisible publicly.
At this moment, limit does not affect federation. A locally limited account is not limited automatically on other servers. Account limitations are reversible.
Suspend
A Mastodon suspension means the account is effectively deleted. The account no longer appears in search, the profile page is gone, all of the posts, uploads, followers, and all other data is removed publicly. However, all the data is available in the admin back-end for a period of 30 days from suspension. This is to give the user an opportunity to work with instance admins to resolve any potential issues and have the account re-instated.
If the account is reinstated within the 30 day period, all data is once again accessible publicly without any adverse effects. If the 30 day period lapses, all that user's data is purged from the instance. Admins also have the option to immediately delete the user's account data at any point during the 30 days.
Once the data has been deleted, whether that is after the 30 day period, or if an admin has force deleted it, the account can still be un-suspended. However, the account will have no data (statuses, profile information, avatar or header image) associated with it.
For remote accounts, suspending will make them unfollow any local account. Those relationships are not restored in case the remote account is un-suspended, even within the 30-day time window.
Moderating entire websites
Because individually moderating a large volume of users from a misbehaving server can be exhausting, it is possible to pre-emptively moderate against all users from that particular server using a so-called domain block, which comes with several different levels of severity.
Reject media
With this option active, no files from the server will be processed locally. That includes avatars, headers, emojis and media attachments.
Limit
Equivalent to limiting all past and future accounts from the server. Previously known as "silencing".
Suspend
Equivalent to suspending all past and future accounts from the server. No content from the server will be stored locally except for usernames.
Suspending a server will remove all existing follow relationships between local accounts and accounts on the suspended server. They will not be restored in case the remote server is un-suspended later.
Spam-fighting measures
There are a few baseline measures for preventing spam in Mastodon:
- Signing up requires confirming an e-mail address
- Signing up is rate-limited by IP
However, dedicated spammers will get through that. The other measure you can employ is e-mail domain blacklisting. During sign up, Mastodon resolves the given e-mail address for an A or MX record, i.e. the IP address of the e-mail server, and checks that IP address against a dynamically stored blacklist.
Blocking by e-mail server
Spammers will often use different e-mail domains so it looks like they are using a lot of different e-mail servers that would all be difficult to blacklist separately. However, sometimes all of those domains resolve to a single e-mail server IP. If you see a lot of spammers signing up at the same time, you can check for this, either using an online DNS lookup tool, or the Linux dig utility, e.g. dig example.com will return all DNS A records for that Domain. If you notice the IP is the same for all domains, you can add it to the e-mail domain blacklist.
Blocking by IP
It is not possible to block visitors by IP address in Mastodon itself, and it is not a fool-proof strategy. IPs are sometimes shared by a lot of different people, and sometimes change hands. But it is possible to block visitors by IP address in Linux using a firewall. Here is an example using iptables and ipset:
# Install ipset
sudo apt install ipset
# Create blacklist named "spambots"
sudo ipset create spambots nethash
# Add 1.2.3.4 to the blacklist
sudo ipset add spambots 1.2.3.4
# Add firewall rule based on the blacklist
sudo iptables -I INPUT 1 -m set --match-set spambots src -j DROP
Be careful not to lock yourself out of your machine.