documentation/content/en/admin/optional/captcha.md

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Captcha Mitigating automated signup bots
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As of Mastodon 4.2, using CAPTCHA technology is supported to help mitigate against bots signing up for new accounts. With CAPTCHA enabled, new registrations will be required to complete a challenge response as part of the e-mail verification process.

{{< hint style="danger" >}} For some people, the use of a central CAPTCHA service may be a security and privacy concern. In addition, CAPTCHA can make the registration process significantly less accessible to some people. {{</ hint >}}

Currently, hCaptcha is the only available provider supported by Mastodon. Other providers may be added in the future.

hCaptcha

  • Create a free hCaptcha account at hcaptcha.com
  • After completing registration, generate a Site Key and Site Secret from the hCaptcha dashboard
  • Add the values to your Mastodon environment configuration as HCAPTCHA_SITE_KEY and HCAPTCHA_SECRET_KEY
  • Restart the Mastodon services running on your server
  • From the Mastodon web interface navigate to Administration > Server settings > Registrations and check the box labled "Require new users to solve a CAPTCHA to confirm their account"