220 lines
10 KiB
Org Mode
220 lines
10 KiB
Org Mode
#+TITLE:
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#+AUTHOR: Bob Mottram
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#+EMAIL: bob@robotics.uk.to
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#+KEYWORDS: freedombox, debian, beaglebone, hubzilla, email, web server, home server, internet, censorship, surveillance, social network, irc, jabber
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#+DESCRIPTION: Turn the Beaglebone Black into a personal communications server
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#+OPTIONS: ^:nil toc:nil
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#+BEGIN_CENTER
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[[./images/logo.png]]
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#+END_CENTER
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| [[file:index.html][Home]] | [[Preparation for the Beaglebone Black]] | [[Checklist]] | [[./mesh.html][Mesh network]] | [[Interactive Setup]] | [[Non-Interactive Setup]] | [[Post-Setup]] | [[Keydrives]] | [[On Client Machines]] |
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* Preparation for the Beaglebone Black
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This section is specific to the Beaglebone Black hardware. If you're not using that hardware then just skip to the next section.
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To get started you will need:
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- A Beaglebone Black
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- A MicroSD card
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- Ethernet cable
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- Optionally a 5V 2A power supply for the Beaglebone Black
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- Access to the internet via a router with ethernet sockets
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- USB thumb drive (for backups or storing media)
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- One or more domains available via a dynamic DNS provider, such as https://freedns.afraid.org
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- A purchased domain name and SSL certificate (only needed for Hubzilla)
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- A laptop or desktop machine with the ability to write to a microSD card (might need an adaptor)
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You will also need to know, or find out, the IP address of your internet router and have a suitable static IP address for the Beaglebone on your local network. The router should allow you to forward ports to the Beaglebone (often this is under firewall or "advanced" settings).
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You can either install from a debian package or manually as follows:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install git dialog build-essential
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git clone https://github.com/bashrc/freedombone
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cd freedombone
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sudo make install
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#+END_SRC
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Plug the microSD card into your laptop/desktop and then run the *freedombone-prep* command. For example:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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freedombone-prep -d /dev/sdX --ip freedombone_IP_address --iprouter router_IP_address
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#+END_SRC
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where /dev/sdX is the device name for the microSD card. Often it's /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc, depending upon how many drives there are on your system. The script will download the Debian installer and update the microSD card. It can take a while, so be patient.
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When the initial setup is done follow the instructions on screen to run the main freedombone command.
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* Checklist
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Before running the freedombone command you will need a few things.
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* Have some domains, or subdomains, registered with a dynamic DNS service
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* System with a new installation of Debian Jessie
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* Ethernet connection to an internet router
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* It is possible to forward ports from the internet router to the system
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* If you want to set up a social network or microblog then you will need SSL certificates corresponding to those domains
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* Have ssh access to the system
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* Mesh network
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If you are installing one of the mesh network variants then see [[./mesh.html][these instructions]] for details.
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* Interactive Setup
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The interactive server configuration setup is recommended for most users. On the system where freedombone is to be installed create a configuration file.
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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ssh myusername@freedombone_IP_address
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su
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sudo apt-get update
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apt-get install git dialog build-essential
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git clone https://github.com/bashrc/freedombone
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cd freedombone
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make install
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#+END_SRC
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Now the easiest way to install the system is via the interactive setup.
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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freedombone menuconfig
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#+END_SRC
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You can select which variant you wish to install and then enter the details as requested. A video of the install sequence can be [[./installer.ogv][seen here]].
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* Non-Interactive Setup
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If you don't want to install interactively then it's possible to manually create a configuration file as follows:
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On the system where freedombone is to be installed create a configuration file.
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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ssh myusername@freedombone_IP_address
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su
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sudo apt-get update
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apt-get install git build-essential
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git clone https://github.com/bashrc/freedombone
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cd freedombone
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make install
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nano /home/myusername/freedombone/freedombone.cfg
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#+END_SRC
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Add the following, and set the values as needed. DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME is where your email/xmpp/irc/voip will be accessed from. It could be the same as one of your other domains, or separate.
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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MY_USERNAME=myusername
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DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME=mywikidomain
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SYSTEM_TYPE=full
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INSTALLING_ON_BBB=no
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DDNS_PROVIDER=default@freedns.afraid.org
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DDNS_USERNAME=ddnsusername
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DDNS_PASSWORD=ddnspassword3471326
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MY_NAME=MyFullNameOrNick
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MY_EMAIL_ADDRESS=myusername@mywikidomain
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LOCAL_NETWORK_STATIC_IP_ADDRESS=192.168.1.60
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ROUTER_IP_ADDRESS=192.168.1.254
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ENABLE_CJDNS=no
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DEBIAN_REPO=ftp.us.debian.org
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NAMESERVER1=85.214.73.63
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NAMESERVER2=213.73.91.35
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WIKI_TITLE=my wiki title
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WIKI_DOMAIN_NAME=mywikidomain
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MY_BLOG_TITLE=my blog
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FULLBLOG_DOMAIN_NAME=myblogdomain
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MICROBLOG_DOMAIN_NAME=mymicroblogdomain
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HUBZILLA_DOMAIN_NAME=myhubzilladomain
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OWNCLOUD_DOMAIN_NAME=myownclouddomain
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HWRNG_TYPE=haveged
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ENABLE_SOCIAL_KEY_MANAGEMENT="no"
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#+END_SRC
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Both of the IP addresses are local IP addresses, typically of the form 192.168.x.x, with one being for the system and the other being for the internet router.
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Save the configuration file and exit from your editor.
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Now you can begin the installation. If you are doing this on a Beaglebone Black:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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freedombone -c freedombone.cfg
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#+END_SRC
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The above command should be run in the same directory in which your configuration file exists.
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Also see the manpage for additional options which can be used instead of a configuration file.
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* Social Key Management
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If you are using the interactive installer then you will be aked if you wish to import GPG keys. If you don't already possess GPG keys then just select "Ok" and they will be generated during the install. If you do already have GPG keys then there are a few possibilities
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** You have the gnupg keyring on an encrypted USB drive
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If you previously made a master keydrive containing the full keyring (the .gnupg directory). This is the most straightforward case, but not as secure as splitting the key into fragments.
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** You have a number of key fragments on USB drives retrieved from friends
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If you previously made some USB drives containing key fragments then retrieve them from your friends and plug them in one after the other. After the last drive has been read then remove it and just select "Ok". The system will then try to reconstruct the key. For this to work you will need to have previously made three or more [[Keydrives]].
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** You can specify some ssh login details for friends servers containing key fragments
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Enter three or more sets of login details and the installer will try to retrieve key fragments and then assemble them into the full key. This only works if you previously were using remote backups and had social key management enabled.
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* Post-Setup
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Setup of the server and installation of all the relevant packages is not quick, and depends upon which variant you choose and your internet bandwidth. Allow about three hours for a full installation on the Beaglebone Black. On the Beaglebone installation is in two parts, since a reboot is needed to enable the hardware random number generator and zram.
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When done you can ssh into the Freedombone with:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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ssh myusername@domain -p 2222
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#+END_SRC
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Any manual post-installation setup instructions or passwords can be found in /home/username/README. You should remove any passwords from that file and store them within a password manager such as KeepassX.
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On your internet router, typically under firewall settings, open the following ports and forward them to your server.
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| Service | Ports |
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|---------+------------|
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| HTTP | 80 |
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| HTTPS | 443 |
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| SSH | 2222 |
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| DLNA | 1900 |
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| DLNA | 8200 |
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| XMPP | 5222..5223 |
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| XMPP | 5269 |
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| XMPP | 5280..5281 |
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| IRC | 6697 |
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| IRC | 9999 |
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| Git | 9418 |
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| Email | 25 |
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| Email | 587 |
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| Email | 465 |
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| Email | 993 |
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| VoIP | 64738 |
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| Tox | 33445 |
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* Keydrives
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After installing for the first time it's a good idea to create some keydrives. These will store your gpg key so that if all else fails you will still be able to restore from backup. There are two ways to do this:
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** Master Keydrive
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This is the traditional security model in which you carry your full keyring on an encrypted USB drive. To make a master keydrive first format a USB drive as a LUKS encrypted drive. In Ubuntu this can be [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemsOnRemovableStorage][done from the /Disk Utility/ application]]. Then plug it into the Freedombone system, then from your local machine run:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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ssh myusername@mydomainname -p 2222
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su
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freedombone-keydrive -u myusername -d sdb --master yes
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exit
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exit
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#+END_SRC
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If you are on a Beaglebone Black then use /sda/ rather than /sdb/ for the drive parameter.
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** Fragment keydrives
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This breaks your GPG key into a number of fragments and randomly selects one to add to the USB drive. First format a USB drive as a LUKS encrypted drive. In Ubuntu this [[https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemsOnRemovableStorage][can be done from the /Disk Utility/ application]]. Plug it into the Freedombone system then from your local machine run the following commands:
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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ssh myusername@mydomainname -p 2222
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su
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freedombone-keydrive -u myusername -d sdb
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exit
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exit
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#+END_SRC
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Fragments are randomly assigned and so you will need at least three or four keydrives to have enough fragments to reconstruct your original key in a worst case scenario. You can store fragments for different Freedombone systems on the same encrypted USB drive, so you can help to ensure that your friends can also recover their systems. This might be called "/the web of backups/" or "/the web of encryption/". Since you can only write a single key fragment from your Freedombone system to a given USB drive each friend doesn't have enough information to decrypt your backups or steal your identity, even if they turn evil. This is based on the assumption that it may be difficult to get three or more friends to conspire against you all at once.
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* On Client Machines
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You can configure laptops or desktop machines which connect to the Freedombone server in the following way. This alters encryption settings to improve overall security.
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#+BEGIN_SRC bash
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sudo apt-get update
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sudo apt-get install git dialog haveged build-essential
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git clone https://github.com/bashrc/freedombone
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cd freedombone
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sudo make install
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freedombone-client
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#+END_SRC
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