documentation/content/en/spec/oauth.md

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---
title: OAuth
description: An open standard for token-based authentication and authorization on the Internet
menu:
docs:
weight: 50
parent: spec
---
## What is OAuth? {#intro}
The Mastodon API has many methods that require authentication from a client or authorization from a user. This is accomplished with OAuth 2.0, an authorization framework described in [RFC 6749](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749) that allows third-party applications to obtain limited access to an HTTP service on behalf of a resource owner, through the use of a standardized authorization flow that generates a client access token to be used with HTTP requests.
Update content for 4.0 (part 1) (#991) * add rules * join date on profiles * deprecate follow scope * deprecate identity proofs * familiar followers * use definition lists instead of tables for defining activitypub properties * reformat notifications page into markdown * fix broken links to publicKey header * Application website is now nullable * update environment variables added and removed * fix typo * fix heading level * min_id and max_id can be used at the same time (3.3) * fix typo * new tootctl options * reformat tootctl page to use definition lists for params * add rules and configuration to Instance * fix typo * refactor instance api page * 3.3.0 duration on mutes * 3.3.0 mute_expires_at * improve section headings * 3.4.0 resend email confirmation api * 3.4.0 policy on push subscriptions * 3.4.0 add details to account registration error * refactor accounts api page and start adding relrefs to entity pages * 3.4.0 accounts/lookup api * add see also to accounts methods * add more see-also links * 3.5.0 appeal mod decisions * 3.5.0 reformat reports and add category/rule_ids params * document report entity and missing responses * fix typos * fix relrefs and url schema, add aliases to old urls * add archetypes for new methods/entities * update archetypes with see-also stubs * clearer presentation of rate limits * announcements api methods * refactor apps methods * refactor bookmarks methods + some anchors * refactor conversations methods * custom_emojis methods refactor * anchors * refactor directory methods * refactor domain_blocks methods * add see also to emails methods * fix page relref shortcodes to specific methods + refactor endorsements methods * min_id max_id * refactor favourites methods * refactor featured_tags methods * refactor filters methods, make path params consistent, i18n required shortcode * follow_requests methods * lists methods * markers methods * forgot to add entity links * media methods, also fix formatting of some json errors * mutes methods, add more see-also links * oembed methods * preferences methods * proofs methods * push methods * suggestions methods * 3.5.0 add new trend types, fix formatting * refactor streaming methods * refactor oauth methods * note that streaming api casts payload to string * refactor search methods * refactor polls methods * remove unnecessary link * reformat scheduled_statuses methods * reformat timelines methods * reformat statuses methods * 3.5.0 editing statuses * consistent use of array brackets in form data parameters * update dev setup guide, add vagrant and clean up text * add admin/accounts methods * 3.6 role entity * admin/accounts methods v2 * minor fix * stub admin/reports methods * document admin reports * add 403 example to methods archetype * cleanup entities for admin reports and add new attrs * 3.6.0 domain allows methods + normalize admin entity namespace * fix search-and-replace error * add aliases for admin entities * 3.6.0 canonical email blocks entity * 3.5.0 admin/retention api * 3.5.0 add admin::ip doc * 3.5.0 admin/reports * 3.6.0 admin/domain_allows * 3.5.0 admin/dimensions * 3.6.0 permissions and roles * minor formatting fix * add anchor link to headings * checkpoint * add update commands to dev env setup guide * change mentions of v3.6 to v4.0 * tootctl now uses custom roles * fix formatting * v2 instance api * update frontmatter, add better titles to pages * minor wording change * consistency * add more aliases * add placeholders and WIP notices * explain link pagination and stub out todos * switch baseURL to https * 422 on reports with rules but category!=violation * document bug fixes * fix typo * remove duplicate API method definition * s/tootsuite/mastodon for github links * remove unnecessary escaping * s/tootsuite/mastodon in Entity archetype * add missing nullable shortcode * clarify oauth scope when requesting a user token * api/v2/media now synchronous for images * DISALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED_API_ACCESS * add undocumented env variables * add instance domain blocks and extended description api * add SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * add description to SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * take suggestions from open PRs * normalize links and flavour language * Fully document streaming API based on source code * Add mention of MIME types * bump to ruby 3.0.4 * clarify how to check on async media processing * validation of replies_policy * remove TODOs on admin account action * EmailDomainBlocks * IpBlocks * Admin::DomainBlock * remove TODOs * following hashtags * followed_tags * remove reference to unused parameter * add new oauth scopes for admin blocks and allows * fix command signature for i18n-tasks normalize * reformat code structure page * document fixes for following tags (assume 4.0.3) * Add warning about pre-4.0 hardcoded roles * add note about case sensitivity * remove use of 'simply' from docs * remove reference to silencing * add reference to IDN normalization for verified links * add lang parameter
2022-11-20 07:34:38 +01:00
To obtain an OAuth token for a Mastodon website, make sure that you allow your users to specify the domain they want to connect to before login. Use that domain to [acquire a client id/secret]({{< relref "methods/apps#create" >}}) and then [proceed with normal OAuth 2]({{< relref "methods/oauth" >}}).
## OAuth 2 endpoints implemented {#implementation}
Update content for 4.0 (part 1) (#991) * add rules * join date on profiles * deprecate follow scope * deprecate identity proofs * familiar followers * use definition lists instead of tables for defining activitypub properties * reformat notifications page into markdown * fix broken links to publicKey header * Application website is now nullable * update environment variables added and removed * fix typo * fix heading level * min_id and max_id can be used at the same time (3.3) * fix typo * new tootctl options * reformat tootctl page to use definition lists for params * add rules and configuration to Instance * fix typo * refactor instance api page * 3.3.0 duration on mutes * 3.3.0 mute_expires_at * improve section headings * 3.4.0 resend email confirmation api * 3.4.0 policy on push subscriptions * 3.4.0 add details to account registration error * refactor accounts api page and start adding relrefs to entity pages * 3.4.0 accounts/lookup api * add see also to accounts methods * add more see-also links * 3.5.0 appeal mod decisions * 3.5.0 reformat reports and add category/rule_ids params * document report entity and missing responses * fix typos * fix relrefs and url schema, add aliases to old urls * add archetypes for new methods/entities * update archetypes with see-also stubs * clearer presentation of rate limits * announcements api methods * refactor apps methods * refactor bookmarks methods + some anchors * refactor conversations methods * custom_emojis methods refactor * anchors * refactor directory methods * refactor domain_blocks methods * add see also to emails methods * fix page relref shortcodes to specific methods + refactor endorsements methods * min_id max_id * refactor favourites methods * refactor featured_tags methods * refactor filters methods, make path params consistent, i18n required shortcode * follow_requests methods * lists methods * markers methods * forgot to add entity links * media methods, also fix formatting of some json errors * mutes methods, add more see-also links * oembed methods * preferences methods * proofs methods * push methods * suggestions methods * 3.5.0 add new trend types, fix formatting * refactor streaming methods * refactor oauth methods * note that streaming api casts payload to string * refactor search methods * refactor polls methods * remove unnecessary link * reformat scheduled_statuses methods * reformat timelines methods * reformat statuses methods * 3.5.0 editing statuses * consistent use of array brackets in form data parameters * update dev setup guide, add vagrant and clean up text * add admin/accounts methods * 3.6 role entity * admin/accounts methods v2 * minor fix * stub admin/reports methods * document admin reports * add 403 example to methods archetype * cleanup entities for admin reports and add new attrs * 3.6.0 domain allows methods + normalize admin entity namespace * fix search-and-replace error * add aliases for admin entities * 3.6.0 canonical email blocks entity * 3.5.0 admin/retention api * 3.5.0 add admin::ip doc * 3.5.0 admin/reports * 3.6.0 admin/domain_allows * 3.5.0 admin/dimensions * 3.6.0 permissions and roles * minor formatting fix * add anchor link to headings * checkpoint * add update commands to dev env setup guide * change mentions of v3.6 to v4.0 * tootctl now uses custom roles * fix formatting * v2 instance api * update frontmatter, add better titles to pages * minor wording change * consistency * add more aliases * add placeholders and WIP notices * explain link pagination and stub out todos * switch baseURL to https * 422 on reports with rules but category!=violation * document bug fixes * fix typo * remove duplicate API method definition * s/tootsuite/mastodon for github links * remove unnecessary escaping * s/tootsuite/mastodon in Entity archetype * add missing nullable shortcode * clarify oauth scope when requesting a user token * api/v2/media now synchronous for images * DISALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED_API_ACCESS * add undocumented env variables * add instance domain blocks and extended description api * add SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * add description to SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * take suggestions from open PRs * normalize links and flavour language * Fully document streaming API based on source code * Add mention of MIME types * bump to ruby 3.0.4 * clarify how to check on async media processing * validation of replies_policy * remove TODOs on admin account action * EmailDomainBlocks * IpBlocks * Admin::DomainBlock * remove TODOs * following hashtags * followed_tags * remove reference to unused parameter * add new oauth scopes for admin blocks and allows * fix command signature for i18n-tasks normalize * reformat code structure page * document fixes for following tags (assume 4.0.3) * Add warning about pre-4.0 hardcoded roles * add note about case sensitivity * remove use of 'simply' from docs * remove reference to silencing * add reference to IDN normalization for verified links * add lang parameter
2022-11-20 07:34:38 +01:00
The following descriptions are taken from the [Doorkeeper documentation](https://github.com/doorkeeper-gem/doorkeeper/wiki/API-endpoint-descriptions-and-examples). Mastodon uses Doorkeeper to implement OAuth 2. For more information on how to use these endpoints, see the [API documentation for OAuth.]({{< relref "methods/oauth" >}})
Update content for 4.0 (part 1) (#991) * add rules * join date on profiles * deprecate follow scope * deprecate identity proofs * familiar followers * use definition lists instead of tables for defining activitypub properties * reformat notifications page into markdown * fix broken links to publicKey header * Application website is now nullable * update environment variables added and removed * fix typo * fix heading level * min_id and max_id can be used at the same time (3.3) * fix typo * new tootctl options * reformat tootctl page to use definition lists for params * add rules and configuration to Instance * fix typo * refactor instance api page * 3.3.0 duration on mutes * 3.3.0 mute_expires_at * improve section headings * 3.4.0 resend email confirmation api * 3.4.0 policy on push subscriptions * 3.4.0 add details to account registration error * refactor accounts api page and start adding relrefs to entity pages * 3.4.0 accounts/lookup api * add see also to accounts methods * add more see-also links * 3.5.0 appeal mod decisions * 3.5.0 reformat reports and add category/rule_ids params * document report entity and missing responses * fix typos * fix relrefs and url schema, add aliases to old urls * add archetypes for new methods/entities * update archetypes with see-also stubs * clearer presentation of rate limits * announcements api methods * refactor apps methods * refactor bookmarks methods + some anchors * refactor conversations methods * custom_emojis methods refactor * anchors * refactor directory methods * refactor domain_blocks methods * add see also to emails methods * fix page relref shortcodes to specific methods + refactor endorsements methods * min_id max_id * refactor favourites methods * refactor featured_tags methods * refactor filters methods, make path params consistent, i18n required shortcode * follow_requests methods * lists methods * markers methods * forgot to add entity links * media methods, also fix formatting of some json errors * mutes methods, add more see-also links * oembed methods * preferences methods * proofs methods * push methods * suggestions methods * 3.5.0 add new trend types, fix formatting * refactor streaming methods * refactor oauth methods * note that streaming api casts payload to string * refactor search methods * refactor polls methods * remove unnecessary link * reformat scheduled_statuses methods * reformat timelines methods * reformat statuses methods * 3.5.0 editing statuses * consistent use of array brackets in form data parameters * update dev setup guide, add vagrant and clean up text * add admin/accounts methods * 3.6 role entity * admin/accounts methods v2 * minor fix * stub admin/reports methods * document admin reports * add 403 example to methods archetype * cleanup entities for admin reports and add new attrs * 3.6.0 domain allows methods + normalize admin entity namespace * fix search-and-replace error * add aliases for admin entities * 3.6.0 canonical email blocks entity * 3.5.0 admin/retention api * 3.5.0 add admin::ip doc * 3.5.0 admin/reports * 3.6.0 admin/domain_allows * 3.5.0 admin/dimensions * 3.6.0 permissions and roles * minor formatting fix * add anchor link to headings * checkpoint * add update commands to dev env setup guide * change mentions of v3.6 to v4.0 * tootctl now uses custom roles * fix formatting * v2 instance api * update frontmatter, add better titles to pages * minor wording change * consistency * add more aliases * add placeholders and WIP notices * explain link pagination and stub out todos * switch baseURL to https * 422 on reports with rules but category!=violation * document bug fixes * fix typo * remove duplicate API method definition * s/tootsuite/mastodon for github links * remove unnecessary escaping * s/tootsuite/mastodon in Entity archetype * add missing nullable shortcode * clarify oauth scope when requesting a user token * api/v2/media now synchronous for images * DISALLOW_UNAUTHENTICATED_API_ACCESS * add undocumented env variables * add instance domain blocks and extended description api * add SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * add description to SMTP_ENABLE_STARTTLS * take suggestions from open PRs * normalize links and flavour language * Fully document streaming API based on source code * Add mention of MIME types * bump to ruby 3.0.4 * clarify how to check on async media processing * validation of replies_policy * remove TODOs on admin account action * EmailDomainBlocks * IpBlocks * Admin::DomainBlock * remove TODOs * following hashtags * followed_tags * remove reference to unused parameter * add new oauth scopes for admin blocks and allows * fix command signature for i18n-tasks normalize * reformat code structure page * document fixes for following tags (assume 4.0.3) * Add warning about pre-4.0 hardcoded roles * add note about case sensitivity * remove use of 'simply' from docs * remove reference to silencing * add reference to IDN normalization for verified links * add lang parameter
2022-11-20 07:34:38 +01:00
{{< caption-link url="https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/blob/master/config/initializers/doorkeeper.rb" caption="Doorkeeper config initializer" >}}
### Authorization endpoint (RFC 6749 Section 3.1) {#authorization}
[GET /oauth/authorize]({{% relref "methods/oauth#authorize" %}})
Displays an authorization form to the user. If approved, it will create and return an authorization code, then redirect to the desired `redirect_uri`, or show the authorization code if `urn:ietf:wg:oauth:2.0:oob` was requested.
### Token endpoint (RFC 6749 Section 3.2) {#token}
[POST /oauth/token]({{% relref "methods/oauth#token" %}})
Obtain an access token. Mastodon supports the following OAuth 2 flows:
Authorization code flow
: For end-users
Password grant flow
: For bots and other single-user applications
Client credentials flow
: For applications that do not act on behalf of users
### Token revocation endpoint (RFC 7009 Section 2) {#revoke}
[POST /oauth/revoke]({{% relref "methods/oauth#revoke" %}})
Post here with client credentials to revoke an access token.
## Common gotchas {#gotchas}
* When registering an application using Mastodon's REST API, there is a `scopes` parameter. When interfacing with OAuth endpoints, you must use the `scope` parameter instead, and this parameter's value must be a subset of the `scopes` registered with the app. You cannot include anything that wasn't in the original set.
* When registering an application using Mastodon's REST API, there is a `redirect_uris` parameter. When interfacing with OAuth endpoints, you must use the `redirect_uri` parameter instead, and this parameter's value must be one of the `redirect_uris` registered with the app.