add start of a tutorial

Makefile.am

@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ DOCS_PAGES = \
   docs/udp_tracker_protocol.rst   \
   docs/utp.rst                    \
   docs/streaming.rst              \
+  docs/tutorial.rst               \
+  docs/tutorial.html              \
   docs/reference-Alerts.html      \
   docs/reference-Bdecoding.html   \
   docs/reference-Bencoding.html   \

docs/index.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 
 * download_
 * features_
+* tutorial_
 * examples_
 * overview_
 * `reference documentation`_
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ libtorrent
 
 .. _download: https://github.com/arvidn/libtorrent/releases
 .. _features: features.html
+.. _tutorial: tutorial.html
 .. _contributing: contributing.html
 .. _building: building.html
 .. _examples: examples.html

docs/makefile

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ TARGETS = index \
 	tuning \
 	hacking \
 	streaming \
+	tutorial \
 	$(REFERENCE_TARGETS)
 
 FIGURES = \

docs/manual.rst

@@ -37,7 +37,10 @@ The basic usage is as follows:
 * save session state (see save_state())
 * destruct session object
 
-Each class and function is described in this manual.
+Each class and function is described in this manual, you may want to have a
+look at the tutorial_ as well.
+
+.. _tutorial: tutorial.html
 
 For a description on how to create torrent files, see create_torrent.
 

docs/tutorial.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+=================
+libtorrent manual
+=================
+
+:Author: Arvid Norberg, arvid@libtorrent.org
+:Version: 1.1.0
+
+.. contents:: Table of contents
+  :depth: 2
+  :backlinks: none
+
+tutorial
+========
+
+The fundamental feature of starting and downloading torrents in libtorrent is
+achieved by creating a *session*, which provides the context and a container for
+torrents. This is done with via the session_ class, most of its interface is
+documented under session_handle_ though.
+
+To add a torrent to the session, you fill in an add_torrent_params_ object and
+pass it either to `add_torrent()`_ or `async_add_torrent()`_.
+
+``add_torrent()`` is a blocking call which returns a torrent_handle_.
+
+For example:
+
+.. code:: c++
+
+	#include <libtorrent/session.hpp>
+	#include <libtorrent/add_torrent_params.hpp>
+	#include <libtorrent/torrent_handle.hpp>
+	
+	namespace lt = libtorrent;
+	int main(int argc, char const* argv[])
+	{
+		if (argc != 2) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <magnet-url>\n");
+			return 1;
+		}
+		lt::session ses;
+
+		lt::add_torrent_params atp;
+		atp.url = argv[1];
+		atp.save_path = "."; // save in current dir
+		lt::torrent_handle h = ses.add_torrent(atp);
+
+		// ...
+	}
+
+Once you have a torrent_handle_, you can affect it as well as querying status.
+First, let's extend the example to print out messages from the bittorrent engine
+about progress and events happening under the hood. libtorrent has a mechanism
+referred to as *alerts* to communicate back information to the client application.
+
+Clients can poll libtorrents for new alerts via the `pop_alerts()`_ call on the
+session object. This call fills in a vector of alert pointers with all new
+alerts since the last call to this function. The pointers are owned by the
+session object at will become invalidated by the next call to `pop_alerts()`_.
+
+The alerts form a class hierarchy with alert_ as the root class. Each specific
+kind of alert may include additional state, specific to the kind of message. All
+alerts implement a message() function that prints out pertinent information
+of the alert message. This can be convenient for simply logging events.
+
+For programatically react to certain events, use `alert_cast<>`_ to attempt
+a down cast of an alert object to a more specific type.
+
+In order to print out events from libtorrent as well as exiting when the torrent
+completes downloading, we can poll the session for alerts periodically and print
+them out, as well as listening for the torrent_finished_alert_, which is posted
+when a torrent completes.
+
+.. code:: c++
+
+	#include <iostream>
+	
+	#include <libtorrent/session.hpp>
+	#include <libtorrent/add_torrent_params.hpp>
+	#include <libtorrent/torrent_handle.hpp>
+	#include <libtorrent/alert_types.hpp>
+	
+	namespace lt = libtorrent;
+	int main(int argc, char const* argv[])
+	{
+		if (argc != 2) {
+			std::cerr << "usage: " << argv[0] << " <magnet-url>" << std::endl;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		lt::session ses;
+
+		lt::add_torrent_params atp;
+		atp.url = argv[1];
+		atp.save_path = "."; // save in current dir
+		lt::torrent_handle h = ses.add_torrent(atp);
+
+		bool done = false;
+		while (!done) {
+			std::vector<lt::alert*> alerts;
+			ses.pop_alerts(&alerts);
+
+			for (lt::alert const* a : alerts) {
+				std::cout << a->message() << std::endl;
+				if (lt::alert_cast<lt::torrent_finished_alert>(a)) {
+					done = true;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+*TODO* cover async_add_torrent()
+*TODO* cover post_torrent_updates()
+*TODO* cover save_resume_data()
+
+.. _session: reference-Core.html#session
+.. _session_handle: reference-Core.html#session_handle
+.. _add_torrent_params: reference-Core.html#add_torrent_params
+.. _`add_torrent()`: reference-Core.html#add_torrent()
+.. _`async_add_torrent()`: reference-Core.html#add_torrent()
+.. _torrent_handle: reference-Core.html#torrent_handle
+.. _`pop_alerts()`: reference-Core.html#pop_alerts()
+.. _`alert_cast<>`: reference-Alerts.html#alert_cast()
+.. _torrent_finished_alert: reference-Alerts.html#torrent-finished-alert
+
+

include/libtorrent/alert.hpp

@@ -310,15 +310,13 @@ namespace libtorrent {
 
 // When you get an alert, you can use ``alert_cast<>`` to attempt to cast the pointer to a
 // more specific alert type, in order to query it for more information.
-template <class T>
-T* alert_cast(alert* a)
+template <class T> T* alert_cast(alert* a)
 {
 	if (a == 0) return 0;
 	if (a->type() == T::alert_type) return static_cast<T*>(a);
 	return 0;
 }
-template <class T>
-T const* alert_cast(alert const* a)
+template <class T> T const* alert_cast(alert const* a)
 {
 	if (a == 0) return 0;
 	if (a->type() == T::alert_type) return static_cast<T const*>(a);