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<h1><span>Rasterbar Software</span></h1>
<h2><span>Software developement and consulting</span></h2>
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<h1 class="title">libtorrent API Documentation</h1>
<table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="docinfo-name" />
<col class="docinfo-content" />
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<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th>
<td>Arvid Norberg, <a class="last reference external" href="mailto:arvid&#64;rasterbar.com">arvid&#64;rasterbar.com</a></td></tr>
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Version:</th>
<td>0.15.0</td></tr>
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<div class="contents topic" id="table-of-contents">
<p class="topic-title first">Table of contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#overview" id="id16">overview</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#things-to-keep-in-mind" id="id17">things to keep in mind</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#network-primitives" id="id18">network primitives</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#session" id="id19">session</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1" id="id20">session()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id2" id="id21">~session()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pause-resume-is-paused" id="id22">pause() resume() is_paused()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#abort" id="id23">abort()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent" id="id24">add_torrent()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#remove-torrent" id="id25">remove_torrent()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#find-torrent-get-torrents" id="id26">find_torrent() get_torrents()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-rate-limit-set-download-rate-limit-upload-rate-limit-download-rate-limit" id="id27">set_upload_rate_limit() set_download_rate_limit() upload_rate_limit() download_rate_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-local-upload-rate-limit-set-local-download-rate-limit-local-upload-rate-limit-local-download-rate-limit" id="id28">set_local_upload_rate_limit() set_local_download_rate_limit() local_upload_rate_limit() local_download_rate_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-max-uploads-set-max-connections-max-uploads-max-connections" id="id29">set_max_uploads() set_max_connections() max_uploads() max_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#num-uploads-num-connections" id="id30">num_uploads() num_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-max-half-open-connections-max-half-open-connections" id="id31">set_max_half_open_connections() max_half_open_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#load-asnum-db-load-country-db-int-as-for-ip" id="id32">load_asnum_db() load_country_db() int as_for_ip()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#load-state-state" id="id33">load_state() state()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-ip-filter" id="id34">set_ip_filter()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#status" id="id35">status()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-cache-status" id="id36">get_cache_status()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-cache-info" id="id37">get_cache_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#is-listening-listen-port-listen-on" id="id38">is_listening() listen_port() listen_on()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-alert-mask" id="id39">set_alert_mask()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pop-alert-wait-for-alert-set-alert-queue-size-limit" id="id40">pop_alert() wait_for_alert() set_alert_queue_size_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-extension" id="id41">add_extension()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-settings-set-pe-settings" id="id42">set_settings() set_pe_settings()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-peer-proxy-set-web-seed-proxy-set-tracker-proxy-set-dht-proxy" id="id43">set_peer_proxy() set_web_seed_proxy() set_tracker_proxy() set_dht_proxy()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-proxy-web-seed-proxy-tracker-proxy-dht-proxy" id="id44">peer_proxy() web_seed_proxy() tracker_proxy() dht_proxy()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state" id="id45">start_dht() stop_dht() set_dht_settings() dht_state()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-dht-node-add-dht-router" id="id46">add_dht_node() add_dht_router()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#start-lsd-stop-lsd" id="id47">start_lsd() stop_lsd()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#start-upnp-stop-upnp" id="id48">start_upnp() stop_upnp()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#start-natpmp-stop-natpmp" id="id49">start_natpmp() stop_natpmp()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#entry" id="id50">entry</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#integer-string-list-dict-type" id="id51">integer() string() list() dict() type()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#operator" id="id52">operator[]</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#find-key" id="id53">find_key()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-info" id="id54">torrent_info</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3" id="id55">torrent_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-tracker" id="id56">add_tracker()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#files-orig-files" id="id57">files() orig_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#rename-file" id="id58">rename_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#begin-files-end-files-rbegin-files-rend-files" id="id59">begin_files() end_files() rbegin_files() rend_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#num-files-file-at" id="id60">num_files() file_at()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#map-block" id="id61">map_block()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#map-file" id="id62">map_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#url-seeds-add-url-seed-http-seeds-add-http-seed" id="id63">url_seeds() add_url_seed() http_seeds() add_http_seed()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#trackers" id="id64">trackers()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#total-size-piece-length-piece-size-num-pieces" id="id65">total_size() piece_length() piece_size() num_pieces()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#hash-for-piece-hash-for-piece-ptr-info-hash" id="id66">hash_for_piece() hash_for_piece_ptr() info_hash()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#name-comment-creation-date-creator" id="id67">name() comment() creation_date() creator()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#priv" id="id68">priv()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#nodes" id="id69">nodes()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-node" id="id70">add_node()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#metadata-metadata-size" id="id71">metadata() metadata_size()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle" id="id72">torrent_handle</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-piece-deadline" id="id73">set_piece_deadline()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#piece-priority-prioritize-pieces-piece-priorities" id="id74">piece_priority() prioritize_pieces() piece_priorities()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-priority-prioritize-files-file-priorities" id="id75">file_priority() prioritize_files() file_priorities()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-progress" id="id76">file_progress()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#save-path" id="id77">save_path()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#move-storage" id="id78">move_storage()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5" id="id79">rename_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-storage-impl" id="id80">get_storage_impl()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#super-seeding" id="id81">super_seeding()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-piece" id="id82">add_piece()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece" id="id83">read_piece()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#force-reannounce" id="id84">force_reannounce()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scrape-tracker" id="id85">scrape_tracker()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#connect-peer" id="id86">connect_peer()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#name" id="id87">name()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-ratio" id="id88">set_ratio()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-limit-set-download-limit-upload-limit-download-limit" id="id89">set_upload_limit() set_download_limit() upload_limit() download_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-sequential-download-is-sequential-download" id="id90">set_sequential_download() is_sequential_download()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-peer-upload-limit-set-peer-download-limit" id="id91">set_peer_upload_limit() set_peer_download_limit()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id6" id="id92">pause() resume() is_paused()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#force-recheck" id="id93">force_recheck()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#clear-error" id="id94">clear_error()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-mode" id="id95">set_upload_mode()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#resolve-countries" id="id96">resolve_countries()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#is-seed" id="id97">is_seed()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#is-auto-managed-auto-managed" id="id98">is_auto_managed() auto_managed()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#has-metadata-set-metadata" id="id99">has_metadata() set_metadata()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-tracker-login" id="id100">set_tracker_login()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#trackers-replace-trackers-add-tracker" id="id101">trackers() replace_trackers() add_tracker()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-url-seed-remove-url-seed-url-seeds" id="id102">add_url_seed() remove_url_seed() url_seeds()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-http-seed-remove-http-seed-http-seeds" id="id103">add_http_seed() remove_http_seed() http_seeds()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#queue-position-queue-position-up-queue-position-down-queue-position-top-queue-position-bottom" id="id104">queue_position() queue_position_up() queue_position_down() queue_position_top() queue_position_bottom()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#use-interface" id="id105">use_interface()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#info-hash" id="id106">info_hash()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#set-max-uploads-max-uploads-set-max-connections-max-connections" id="id107">set_max_uploads() max_uploads() set_max_connections() max_connections()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data" id="id108">save_resume_data()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id7" id="id109">status()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-download-queue" id="id110">get_download_queue()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-peer-info" id="id111">get_peer_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#get-torrent-info" id="id112">get_torrent_info()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#is-valid" id="id113">is_valid()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-status" id="id114">torrent_status</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-info" id="id115">peer_info</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#session-customization" id="id116">session customization</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#presets" id="id117">presets</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#session-settings" id="id118">session_settings</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pe-settings" id="id119">pe_settings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#proxy-settings" id="id120">proxy_settings</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ip-filter" id="id121">ip_filter</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id10" id="id122">ip_filter()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-rule" id="id123">add_rule()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#access" id="id124">access()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#export-filter" id="id125">export_filter()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#big-number" id="id126">big_number</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#bitfield" id="id127">bitfield</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#hasher" id="id128">hasher</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fingerprint" id="id129">fingerprint</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#upnp-and-nat-pmp" id="id130">UPnP and NAT-PMP</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-mapping" id="id131">add_mapping</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#delete-mapping" id="id132">delete_mapping</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#router-model" id="id133">router_model()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#free-functions" id="id134">free functions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#identify-client" id="id135">identify_client()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#client-fingerprint" id="id136">client_fingerprint()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#bdecode-bencode" id="id137">bdecode() bencode()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#add-magnet-uri" id="id138">add_magnet_uri()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#make-magnet-uri" id="id139">make_magnet_uri()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#alerts" id="id140">alerts</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece-alert" id="id141">read_piece_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#external-ip-alert" id="id142">external_ip_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#listen-failed-alert" id="id143">listen_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-error-alert" id="id144">portmap_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-alert" id="id145">portmap_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-log-alert" id="id146">portmap_log_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-error-alert" id="id147">file_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-renamed-alert" id="id148">file_renamed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-rename-failed-alert" id="id149">file_rename_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracker-announce-alert" id="id150">tracker_announce_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracker-error-alert" id="id151">tracker_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracker-reply-alert" id="id152">tracker_reply_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dht-reply-alert" id="id153">dht_reply_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tracker-warning-alert" id="id154">tracker_warning_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scrape-reply-alert" id="id155">scrape_reply_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scrape-failed-alert" id="id156">scrape_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#url-seed-alert" id="id157">url_seed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#hash-failed-alert" id="id158">hash_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-alert" id="id159">peer_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-ban-alert" id="id160">peer_ban_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-snubbed-alert" id="id161">peer_snubbed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-unsnubbed-alert" id="id162">peer_unsnubbed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-error-alert" id="id163">peer_error_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-connected-alert" id="id164">peer_connected_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-disconnected-alert" id="id165">peer_disconnected_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#invalid-request-alert" id="id166">invalid_request_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#request-dropped-alert" id="id167">request_dropped_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#block-timeout-alert" id="id168">block_timeout_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#block-finished-alert" id="id169">block_finished_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#block-downloading-alert" id="id170">block_downloading_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unwanted-block-alert" id="id171">unwanted_block_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-delete-failed-alert" id="id172">torrent_delete_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-finished-alert" id="id173">torrent_finished_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#performance-alert" id="id174">performance_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#state-changed-alert" id="id175">state_changed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#metadata-failed-alert" id="id176">metadata_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#metadata-received-alert" id="id177">metadata_received_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fastresume-rejected-alert" id="id178">fastresume_rejected_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#peer-blocked-alert" id="id179">peer_blocked_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storage-moved-alert" id="id180">storage_moved_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storage-moved-failed-alert" id="id181">storage_moved_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-paused-alert" id="id182">torrent_paused_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-resumed-alert" id="id183">torrent_resumed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data-alert" id="id184">save_resume_data_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data-failed-alert" id="id185">save_resume_data_failed_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dht-announce-alert" id="id186">dht_announce_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dht-get-peers-alert" id="id187">dht_get_peers_alert</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dispatcher" id="id188">dispatcher</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#exceptions" id="id189">exceptions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception" id="id190">libtorrent_exception</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#error-code" id="id191">error_code</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#translating-error-codes" id="id192">translating error codes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storage-interface" id="id193">storage_interface</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#initialize" id="id194">initialize()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#has-any-file" id="id195">has_any_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#readv-writev" id="id196">readv() writev()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sparse-end" id="id197">sparse_end()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id12" id="id198">move_storage()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#verify-resume-data" id="id199">verify_resume_data()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#write-resume-data" id="id200">write_resume_data()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#move-slot" id="id201">move_slot()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#swap-slots" id="id202">swap_slots()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#swap-slots3" id="id203">swap_slots3()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id13" id="id204">rename_file()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#release-files" id="id205">release_files()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#delete-files" id="id206">delete_files()</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#magnet-links" id="id207">magnet links</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#queuing" id="id208">queuing</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#downloading" id="id209">downloading</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#seeding" id="id210">seeding</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fast-resume" id="id211">fast resume</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-format" id="id212">file format</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#threads" id="id213">threads</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storage-allocation" id="id214">storage allocation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sparse-allocation" id="id215">sparse allocation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#full-allocation" id="id216">full allocation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compact-allocation" id="id217">compact allocation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#extensions" id="id218">extensions</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#metadata-from-peers" id="id219">metadata from peers</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#http-seeding" id="id220">HTTP seeding</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#filename-checks" id="id221">filename checks</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="overview">
<h1>overview</h1>
<p>The interface of libtorrent consists of a few classes. The main class is
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt>, it contains the main loop that serves all torrents.</p>
<p>The basic usage is as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li><p class="first">construct a session</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">start extensions (see <a class="reference internal" href="#add-extension">add_extension()</a>).</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">start DHT, LSD, UPnP, NAT-PMP etc (see <a class="reference internal" href="#start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state">start_dht() stop_dht() set_dht_settings() dht_state()</a>
<a class="reference internal" href="#start-lsd-stop-lsd">start_lsd() stop_lsd()</a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#start-upnp-stop-upnp">start_upnp() stop_upnp()</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#start-natpmp-stop-natpmp">start_natpmp() stop_natpmp()</a>)</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">parse .torrent-files and add them to the session (see <a class="reference internal" href="#bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>)</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">main loop (see <a class="reference internal" href="#session">session</a>)</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>query the torrent_handles for progress (see <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>)</li>
<li>query the session for information</li>
<li>add and remove torrents from the session at run-time</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li><p class="first">save resume data for all torrent_handles (optional, see
<a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data">save_resume_data()</a>)</p>
</li>
<li><p class="first">destruct session object</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Each class and function is described in this manual.</p>
<p>For a description on how to create torrent files, see <a class="reference external" href="make_torrent.html">make_torrent</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="things-to-keep-in-mind">
<h1>things to keep in mind</h1>
<p>A common problem developers are facing is torrents stopping without explanation.
Here is a description on which conditions libtorrent will stop your torrents,
how to find out about it and what to do about it.</p>
<p>Make sure to keep track of the paused state, the error state and the upload
mode of your torrents. By default, torrents are auto-managed, which means
libtorrent will pause them, unpause them, scrape them and take them out
of upload-mode automatically.</p>
<p>Whenever a torrent encounters a fatal error, it will be stopped, and the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_status::error</span></tt> will describe the error that caused it. If a torrent
is auto managed, it is scraped periodically and paused or resumed based on
the number of downloaders per seed. This will effectively seed torrents that
are in the greatest need of seeds.</p>
<p>If a torrent hits a disk write error, it will be put into upload mode. This
means it will not download anything, but only upload. The assumption is that
the write error is caused by a full disk or write permission errors. If the
torrent is auto-managed, it will periodically be taken out of the upload
mode, trying to write things to the disk again. This means torrent will recover
from certain disk errors if the problem is resolved. If the torrent is not
auto managed, you have to call <a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-mode">set_upload_mode()</a> to turn
downloading back on again.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="network-primitives">
<h1>network primitives</h1>
<p>There are a few typedefs in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent</span></tt> namespace which pulls
in network types from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">asio</span></tt> namespace. These are:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
typedef asio::ip::address address;
typedef asio::ip::address_v4 address_v4;
typedef asio::ip::address_v6 address_v6;
using asio::ip::tcp;
using asio::ip::udp;
</pre>
<p>These are declared in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/socket.hpp&gt;</span></tt> header.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">using</span></tt> statements will give easy access to:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
tcp::endpoint
udp::endpoint
</pre>
<p>Which are the endpoint types used in libtorrent. An endpoint is an address
with an associated port.</p>
<p>For documentation on these types, please refer to the <a class="reference external" href="http://asio.sourceforge.net/asio-0.3.8/doc/asio/reference.html">asio documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="session">
<h1>session</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt> class has the following synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class session: public boost::noncopyable
{
session(fingerprint const&amp; print
= libtorrent::fingerprint(
&quot;LT&quot;, 0, 1, 0, 0)
, int flags = start_default_features
| add_default_plugins
, int alert_mask = alert::error_notification);
session(
fingerprint const&amp; print
, std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; listen_port_range
, char const* listen_interface = 0
, int flags = start_default_features
| add_default_plugins
, int alert_mask = alert::error_notification);
torrent_handle add_torrent(
add_torrent_params const&amp; params);
torrent_handle add_torrent(
add_torrent_params const&amp; params
, error_code&amp; ec);
void pause();
void resume();
bool is_paused() const;
session_proxy abort();
enum options_t
{
none = 0,
delete_files = 1
};
enum session_flags_t
{
add_default_plugins = 1,
start_default_features = 2
};
void remove_torrent(torrent_handle const&amp; h
, int options = none);
torrent_handle find_torrent(sha_hash const&amp; ih);
std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt; get_torrents() const;
void set_settings(session_settings const&amp; settings);
void set_pe_settings(pe_settings const&amp; settings);
void set_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int upload_rate_limit() const;
void set_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int download_rate_limit() const;
void set_local_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int local_upload_rate_limit() const;
void set_local_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int local_download_rate_limit() const;
void set_max_uploads(int limit);
void set_max_connections(int limit);
int max_connections() const;
void set_max_half_open_connections(int limit);
int max_half_open_connections() const;
void set_peer_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_web_seed_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_tracker_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
proxy_settings const&amp; peer_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; web_seed_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; tracker_proxy() const;
int num_uploads() const;
int num_connections() const;
bool load_asnum_db(char const* file);
bool load_asnum_db(wchar_t const* file);
bool load_country_db(char const* file);
bool load_country_db(wchar_t const* file);
int as_for_ip(address const&amp; adr);
void load_state(entry const&amp; ses_state);
entry state() const;
void set_ip_filter(ip_filter const&amp; f);
session_status status() const;
cache_status get_cache_status() const;
bool is_listening() const;
unsigned short listen_port() const;
bool listen_on(
std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; const&amp; port_range
, char const* interface = 0);
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; pop_alert();
alert const* wait_for_alert(time_duration max_wait);
void set_alert_mask(int m);
size_t set_alert_queue_size_limit(
size_t queue_size_limit_);
void add_extension(boost::function&lt;
boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;(torrent*)&gt; ext);
void start_dht();
void stop_dht();
void set_dht_settings(
dht_settings const&amp; settings);
entry dht_state() const;
void add_dht_node(std::pair&lt;std::string
, int&gt; const&amp; node);
void add_dht_router(std::pair&lt;std::string
, int&gt; const&amp; node);
void start_lsd();
void stop_lsd();
upnp* start_upnp();
void stop_upnp();
natpmp* start_natpmp();
void stop_natpmp();
};
</pre>
<p>Once it's created, the session object will spawn the main thread that will do all the work.
The main thread will be idle as long it doesn't have any torrents to participate in.</p>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h2>session()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
session(fingerprint const&amp; print
= libtorrent::fingerprint(&quot;LT&quot;, 0, 1, 0, 0)
, int flags = start_default_features
| add_default_plugins
, int alert_mask = alert::error_notification);
session(fingerprint const&amp; print
, std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; listen_port_range
, char const* listen_interface = 0
, int flags = start_default_features
| add_default_plugins
, int alert_mask = alert::error_notification);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If the fingerprint in the first overload is omited, the client will get a default
fingerprint stating the version of libtorrent. The fingerprint is a short string that will be
used in the peer-id to identify the client and the client's version. For more details see the
<a class="reference internal" href="#fingerprint">fingerprint</a> class. The constructor that only takes a fingerprint will not open a
listen port for the session, to get it running you'll have to call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::listen_on()</span></tt>.
The other constructor, that takes a port range and an interface as well as the fingerprint
will automatically try to listen on a port on the given interface. For more information about
the parameters, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> function.</p>
<p>The flags paramater can be used to start default features (upnp &amp; nat-pmp) and default plugins
(ut_metadata, ut_pex and smart_ban). The default is to start those things. If you do not want
them to start, pass 0 as the flags parameter.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert_mask</span></tt> is the same mask that you would send to <a class="reference internal" href="#set-alert-mask">set_alert_mask()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id2">
<h2>~session()</h2>
<p>The destructor of session will notify all trackers that our torrents have been shut down.
If some trackers are down, they will time out. All this before the destructor of session
returns. So, it's advised that any kind of interface (such as windows) are closed before
destructing the session object. Because it can take a few second for it to finish. The
timeout can be set with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_settings()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pause-resume-is-paused">
<h2>pause() resume() is_paused()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void pause();
void resume();
bool is_paused() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Pausing the session has the same effect as pausing every torrent in it, except that
torrents will not be resumed by the auto-manage mechanism. Resuming will restore the
torrents to their previous paused state. i.e. the session pause state is separate from
the torrent pause state. A torrent is inactive if it is paused or if the session is
paused.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="abort">
<h2>abort()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
session_proxy abort();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>In case you want to destruct the session asynchrounously, you can request a session
destruction proxy. If you don't do this, the destructor of the session object will
block while the trackers are contacted. If you keep one <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> to the
session when destructing it, the destructor will not block, but start to close down
the session, the destructor of the proxy will then synchronize the threads. So, the
destruction of the session is performed from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session</span></tt> destructor call until the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> destructor call. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_proxy</span></tt> does not have any operations
on it (since the session is being closed down, no operations are allowed on it). The
only valid operation is calling the destructor:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class session_proxy
{
public:
session_proxy();
~session_proxy()
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-torrent">
<h2>add_torrent()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
typedef storage_interface* (&amp;storage_constructor_type)(
file_storage const&amp;, file_storage const*, fs::path const&amp;, file_pool&amp;);
struct add_torrent_params
{
add_torrent_params(storage_constructor_type s);
boost::intrusive_ptr&lt;torrent_info&gt; ti;
char const* tracker_url;
sha1_hash info_hash;
char const* name;
fs::path save_path;
std::vector&lt;char&gt;* resume_data;
storage_mode_t storage_mode;
bool paused;
bool auto_managed;
bool duplicate_is_error;
storage_constructor_type storage;
void* userdata;
bool seed_mode;
bool override_resume_data;
bool upload_mode;
};
torrent_handle add_torrent(add_torrent_params const&amp; params);
torrent_handle add_torrent(add_torrent_params const&amp; params
, error_code&amp; ec);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>You add torrents through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> function where you give an
object with all the parameters.</p>
<p>The overload that does not take an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> throws an exception on
error and is not available when building without exception support.</p>
<p>The only mandatory parameter is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path</span></tt> which is the directory where you
want the files to be saved. You also need to specify either the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ti</span></tt> (the
torrent file) or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash</span></tt> (the info hash of the torrent). If you specify the
info-hash, the torrent file will be downloaded from peers, which requires them to
support the metadata extension. For the metadata extension to work, libtorrent must
be built with extensions enabled (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_DISABLE_EXTENSIONS</span></tt> must not be
defined). It also takes an optional <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></tt> argument. This may be 0 in case no
name should be assigned to the torrent. In case it's not 0, the name is used for
the torrent as long as it doesn't have metadata. See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::name</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If the torrent doesn't have a tracker, but relies on the DHT to find peers, the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_url</span></tt> can be 0, otherwise you might specify a tracker url that tracks this
torrent.</p>
<p>If the torrent you are trying to add already exists in the session (is either queued
for checking, being checked or downloading) <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> will throw
<a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a> which derives from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::exception</span></tt> unless <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">duplicate_is_error</span></tt>
is set to false. In that case, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent</span></tt> will return the handle to the existing
torrent.</p>
<p>The optional parameter, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume_data</span></tt> can be given if up to date fast-resume data
is available. The fast-resume data can be acquired from a running torrent by calling
<a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data">save_resume_data()</a> on <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>. See <a class="reference internal" href="#fast-resume">fast resume</a>. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">vector</span></tt> that is
passed in will be swapped into the running torrent instance with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::vector::swap()</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode</span></tt> parameter refers to the layout of the storage for this torrent.
There are 3 different modes:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>storage_mode_sparse</dt>
<dd>All pieces will be written to the place where they belong and sparse files
will be used. This is the recommended, and default mode.</dd>
<dt>storage_mode_allocate</dt>
<dd>Same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode_sparse</span></tt> except that files will be ftruncated on
startup (SetEndOfFile() on windows). For filesystem that supports sparse
files, this is in all practical aspects identical to sparse mode. For
filesystems that don't, it will allocate the data for the files. The mac
filesystem HFS+ doesn't support sparse files, it will allocate the files
with zeroes.</dd>
<dt>storage_mode_compact</dt>
<dd>The storage will grow as more pieces are downloaded, and pieces
are rearranged to finally be in their correct places once the entire torrent has been
downloaded.</dd>
</dl>
<p>For more information, see <a class="reference internal" href="#storage-allocation">storage allocation</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt> is a boolean that specifies whether or not the torrent is to be started in
a paused state. I.e. it won't connect to the tracker or any of the peers until it's
resumed. This is typically a good way of avoiding race conditions when setting
configuration options on torrents before starting them.</p>
<p>If you pass in resume data, the paused state of the torrent when the resume data
was saved will override the paused state you pass in here. You can override this
by setting <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">override_resume_data</span></tt>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_managed</span></tt> is true, this torrent will be queued, started and seeded
automatically by libtorrent. When this is set, the torrent should also be started
as paused. The default queue order is the order the torrents were added. They
are all downloaded in that order. For more details, see <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p>If you pass in resume data, the auto_managed state of the torrent when the resume data
was saved will override the auto_managed state you pass in here. You can override this
by setting <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">override_resume_data</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage</span></tt> can be used to customize how the data is stored. The default
storage will simply write the data to the files it belongs to, but it could be
overridden to save everything to a single file at a specific location or encrypt the
content on disk for instance. For more information about the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_interface</span></tt>
that needs to be implemented for a custom storage, see <a class="reference internal" href="#storage-interface">storage_interface</a>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata</span></tt> parameter is optional and will be passed on to the extension
constructor functions, if any (see <a class="reference internal" href="#add-extension">add_extension()</a>).</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_mode</span></tt> is set to true, libtorrent will assume that all files are present
for this torrent and that they all match the hashes in the torrent file. Each time
a peer requests to download a block, the piece is verified against the hash, unless
it has been verified already. If a hash fails, the torrent will automatically leave
the seed mode and recheck all the files. The use case for this mode is if a torrent
is created and seeded, or if the user already know that the files are complete, this
is a way to avoid the initial file checks, and significantly reduce the startup time.</p>
<p>Setting <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_mode</span></tt> on a torrent without metadata (a .torrent file) is a no-op
and will be ignored.</p>
<p>If resume data is passed in with this torrent, the seed mode saved in there will
override the seed mode you set here.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent()</span></tt> can be used to retrieve information
about the torrent's progress, its peers etc. It is also used to abort a torrent.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">override_resume_data</span></tt> is set to true, the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_managed</span></tt>
state of the torrent are not loaded from the resume data, but the states requested
by this <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent_params</span></tt> will override it.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_mode</span></tt> is set to true, the torrent will be initialized in upload-mode,
which means it will not make any piece requests. This state is typically entered
on disk I/O errors, and if the torrent is also auto managed, it will be taken out
of this state periodically. This mode can be used to avoid race conditions when
adjusting priorities of pieces before allowing the torrent to start downloading.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="remove-torrent">
<h2>remove_torrent()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void remove_torrent(torrent_handle const&amp; h, int options = none);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remove_torrent()</span></tt> will close all peer connections associated with the torrent and tell
the tracker that we've stopped participating in the swarm. The optional second argument
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">options</span></tt> can be used to delete all the files downloaded by this torrent. To do this, pass
in the value <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::delete_files</span></tt>. The removal of the torrent is asyncronous, there is
no guarantee that adding the same torrent immediately after it was removed will not throw
a <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a> exception.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="find-torrent-get-torrents">
<h2>find_torrent() get_torrents()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_handle find_torrent(sha_hash const&amp; ih);
std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt; get_torrents() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">find_torrent()</span></tt> looks for a torrent with the given info-hash. In case there
is such a torrent in the session, a torrent_handle to that torrent is returned.
In case the torrent cannot be found, an invalid torrent_handle is returned.</p>
<p>See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::is_valid()</span></tt> to know if the torrent was found or not.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_torrents()</span></tt> returns a vector of torrent_handles to all the torrents
currently in the session.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-upload-rate-limit-set-download-rate-limit-upload-rate-limit-download-rate-limit">
<h2>set_upload_rate_limit() set_download_rate_limit() upload_rate_limit() download_rate_limit()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
void set_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int upload_rate_limit() const;
int download_rate_limit() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_rate_limit()</span></tt> set the maximum number of bytes allowed to be
sent to peers per second. This bandwidth is distributed among all the peers. If
you don't want to limit upload rate, you can set this to 0 (the default).
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_rate_limit()</span></tt> works the same way but for download rate instead
of upload rate.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate_limit()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate_limit()</span></tt> returns the previously
set limits.</p>
<p>A rate limit of 0 means infinite.</p>
<p>Upload and download rate limits are not applied to peers on the local network
by default. To change that, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::ignore_limits_on_local_network</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-local-upload-rate-limit-set-local-download-rate-limit-local-upload-rate-limit-local-download-rate-limit">
<h2>set_local_upload_rate_limit() set_local_download_rate_limit() local_upload_rate_limit() local_download_rate_limit()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_local_upload_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
void set_local_download_rate_limit(int bytes_per_second);
int local_upload_rate_limit() const;
int local_download_rate_limit() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These rate limits are only used for local peers (peers within the same subnet as
the client itself) and it is only used when <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::ignore_limits_on_local_network</span></tt>
is set to true (which it is by default). These rate limits default to unthrottled,
but can be useful in case you want to treat local peers preferentially, but not
quite unthrottled.</p>
<p>A rate limit of 0 means infinite.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-max-uploads-set-max-connections-max-uploads-max-connections">
<h2>set_max_uploads() set_max_connections() max_uploads() max_connections()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_uploads(int limit);
void set_max_connections(int limit);
int max_uploads() const;
int max_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions will set a global limit on the number of unchoked peers (uploads)
and the number of connections opened. The number of connections is set to a hard
minimum of at least two connections per torrent, so if you set a too low
connections limit, and open too many torrents, the limit will not be met. The
number of uploads is at least one per torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_uploads()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_connections()</span></tt> returns the current settings.</p>
<p>The number of unchoke slots may be ignored. In order to make this setting
take effect, disable <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::auto_upload_slots_rate_based</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="num-uploads-num-connections">
<h2>num_uploads() num_connections()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int num_uploads() const;
int num_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the number of currently unchoked peers and the number of connections
(including half-open ones) respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-max-half-open-connections-max-half-open-connections">
<h2>set_max_half_open_connections() max_half_open_connections()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_half_open_connections(int limit);
int max_half_open_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets the maximum number of half-open connections libtorrent will have when
connecting to peers. A half-open connection is one where connect() has been
called, but the connection still hasn't been established (nor failed). Windows
XP Service Pack 2 sets a default, system wide, limit of the number of half-open
connections to 10. So, this limit can be used to work nicer together with
other network applications on that system. The default is to have no limit,
and passing -1 as the limit, means to have no limit. When limiting the number
of simultaneous connection attempts, peers will be put in a queue waiting for
their turn to get connected.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_half_open_connections()</span></tt> returns the set limit. This limit defaults
to 8 on windows.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="load-asnum-db-load-country-db-int-as-for-ip">
<h2>load_asnum_db() load_country_db() int as_for_ip()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool load_asnum_db(char const* file);
bool load_asnum_db(wchar_t const* file);
bool load_country_db(char const* file);
bool load_country_db(wchar_t const* file);
int as_for_ip(address const&amp; adr);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are not available if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_DISABLE_GEO_IP</span></tt> is defined. They
expects a path to the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.maxmind.com/app/asnum">MaxMind ASN database</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.maxmind.com/app/geolitecountry">MaxMind GeoIP database</a>
respectively. This will be used to look up which AS and country peers belong to.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">as_for_ip</span></tt> returns the AS number for the IP address specified. If the IP is not
in the database or the ASN database is not loaded, 0 is returned.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></tt> overloads are for wide character paths.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="load-state-state">
<h2>load_state() state()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void load_state(entry const&amp; ses_state);
entry state() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions loads and save session state. Currently, the only state
that's stored is peak download rates for ASes. This map is used to
determine which order to connect to peers.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-ip-filter">
<h2>set_ip_filter()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_ip_filter(ip_filter const&amp; filter);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets a filter that will be used to reject and accept incoming as well as outgoing
connections based on their originating ip address. The default filter will allow
connections to any ip address. To build a set of rules for which addresses are
accepted and not, see <a class="reference internal" href="#ip-filter">ip_filter</a>.</p>
<p>Each time a peer is blocked because of the IP filter, a <a class="reference internal" href="#peer-blocked-alert">peer_blocked_alert</a> is
generated.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="status">
<h2>status()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
session_status status() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status()</span></tt> returns session wide-statistics and status. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_status</span></tt>
struct has the following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_lookup
{
char const* type;
int outstanding_requests;
int timeouts;
int responses;
int branch_factor;
};
struct session_status
{
bool has_incoming_connections;
float upload_rate;
float download_rate;
size_type total_download;
size_type total_upload;
float payload_upload_rate;
float payload_download_rate;
size_type total_payload_download;
size_type total_payload_upload;
float ip_overhead_upload_rate;
float ip_overhead_download_rate;
size_type total_ip_overhead_download;
size_type total_ip_overhead_upload;
float dht_upload_rate;
float dht_download_rate;
size_type total_dht_download;
size_type total_dht_upload;
float tracker_upload_rate;
float tracker_download_rate;
size_type total_tracker_download;
size_type total_tracker_upload;
size_type total_redundant_bytes;
size_type total_failed_bytes;
int num_peers;
int num_unchoked;
int allowed_upload_slots;
int optimistic_unchoke_counter;
int unchoke_counter;
int dht_nodes;
int dht_cache_nodes;
int dht_torrents;
int dht_global_nodes;
std::vector&lt;dht_lookup&gt; active_requests;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_incoming_connections</span></tt> is false as long as no incoming connections have been
established on the listening socket. Every time you change the listen port, this will
be reset to false.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate</span></tt> are the total download and upload rates accumulated
from all torrents. This includes bittorrent protocol, DHT and an estimated TCP/IP
protocol overhead.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> are the total number of bytes downloaded and
uploaded to and from all torrents. This also includes all the protocol overhead.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_download_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_upload_rate</span></tt> is the rate of the payload
down- and upload only.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_upload</span></tt> is the total transfers of payload
only. The payload does not include the bittorrent protocol overhead, but only parts of the
actual files to be downloaded.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_overhead_upload_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_overhead_download_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_ip_overhead_download</span></tt>
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_ip_overhead_upload</span></tt> is the estimated TCP/IP overhead in each direction.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_upload_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_download_rate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_dht_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_dht_upload</span></tt>
is the DHT bandwidth usage.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_redundant_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that has been received more than once.
This can happen if a request from a peer times out and is requested from a different
peer, and then received again from the first one. To make this lower, increase the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_timeout</span></tt> and the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_timeout</span></tt> in the session settings.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_failed_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that was downloaded which later failed
the hash-check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the total number of peer connections this session has. This includes
incoming connections that still hasn't sent their handshake or outgoing connections
that still hasn't completed the TCP connection. This number may be slightly higher
than the sum of all peers of all torrents because the incoming connections may not
be assigned a torrent yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_unchoked</span></tt> is the current number of unchoked peers.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allowed_upload_slots</span></tt> is the current allowed number of unchoked peers.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimistic_unchoke_counter</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unchoke_counter</span></tt> tells the number of
seconds until the next optimistic unchoke change and the start of the next
unchoke interval. These numbers may be reset prematurely if a peer that is
unchoked disconnects or becomes notinterested.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_nodes</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_cache_nodes</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_torrents</span></tt> are only available when
built with DHT support. They are all set to 0 if the DHT isn't running. When
the DHT is running, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_nodes</span></tt> is set to the number of nodes in the routing
table. This number only includes <em>active</em> nodes, not cache nodes. The
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_cache_nodes</span></tt> is set to the number of nodes in the node cache. These nodes
are used to replace the regular nodes in the routing table in case any of them
becomes unresponsive.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_torrents</span></tt> are the number of torrents tracked by the DHT at the moment.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_global_nodes</span></tt> is an estimation of the total number of nodes in the DHT
network.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_requests</span></tt> is a vector of the currently running DHT lookups.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-cache-status">
<h2>get_cache_status()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
cache_status get_cache_status() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns status of the disk cache for this session.</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct cache_status
{
size_type blocks_written;
size_type writes;
size_type blocks_read;
size_type blocks_read_hit;
size_type reads;
int cache_size;
int read_cache_size;
int total_used_buffers;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_written</span></tt> is the total number of 16 KiB blocks written to disk
since this session was started.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">writes</span></tt> is the total number of write operations performed since this
session was started.</p>
<p>The ratio (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_written</span></tt> - <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">writes</span></tt>) / <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_written</span></tt> represents
the number of saved write operations per total write operations. i.e. a kind
of cache hit ratio for the write cahe.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_read</span></tt> is the number of blocks that were requested from the
bittorrent engine (from peers), that were served from disk or cache.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_read_hit</span></tt> is the number of blocks that were served from cache.</p>
<p>The ratio <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_read_hit</span></tt> / <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_read</span></tt> is the cache hit ratio
for the read cache.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cache_size</span></tt> is the number of 16 KiB blocks currently in the disk cache.
This includes both read and write cache.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_cache_size</span></tt> is the number of 16KiB blocks in the read cache.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_used_buffers</span></tt> is the total number of buffers currently in use.
This includes the read/write disk cache as well as send and receive buffers
used in peer connections.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-cache-info">
<h2>get_cache_info()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void get_cache_info(sha1_hash const&amp; ih
, std::vector&lt;cached_piece_info&gt;&amp; ret) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_cache_info()</span></tt> fills out the supplied vector with information for
each piece that is currently in the disk cache for the torrent with the
specified info-hash (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ih</span></tt>).</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct cached_piece_info
{
int piece;
std::vector&lt;bool&gt; blocks;
ptime last_use;
enum kind_t { read_cache = 0, write_cache = 1 };
kind_t kind;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is the piece index for this cache entry.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks</span></tt> has one entry for each block in this piece. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> represents
the data for that block being in the disk cache and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></tt> means it's not.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_use</span></tt> is the time when a block was last written to this piece. The older
a piece is, the more likely it is to be flushed to disk.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kind</span></tt> specifies if this piece is part of the read cache or the write cache.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="is-listening-listen-port-listen-on">
<h2>is_listening() listen_port() listen_on()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_listening() const;
unsigned short listen_port() const;
bool listen_on(
std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; const&amp; port_range
, char const* interface = 0);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_listening()</span></tt> will tell you whether or not the session has successfully
opened a listening port. If it hasn't, this function will return false, and
then you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> to make another try.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_port()</span></tt> returns the port we ended up listening on. Since you just pass
a port-range to the constructor and to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt>, to know which port it
ended up using, you have to ask the session using this function.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> will change the listen port and/or the listen interface. If the
session is already listening on a port, this socket will be closed and a new socket
will be opened with these new settings. The port range is the ports it will try
to listen on, if the first port fails, it will continue trying the next port within
the range and so on. The interface parameter can be left as 0, in that case the
os will decide which interface to listen on, otherwise it should be the ip-address
of the interface you want the listener socket bound to. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> returns true
if it managed to open the socket, and false if it failed. If it fails, it will also
generate an appropriate alert (<a class="reference internal" href="#listen-failed-alert">listen_failed_alert</a>).</p>
<p>The interface parameter can also be a hostname that will resolve to the device you
want to listen on.</p>
<p>If you're also starting the DHT, it is a good idea to do that after you've called
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt>, since the default listen port for the DHT is the same as the tcp
listen socket. If you start the DHT first, it will assume the tcp port is free and
open the udp socket on that port, then later, when <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on()</span></tt> is called, it
may turn out that the tcp port is in use. That results in the DHT and the bittorrent
socket listening on different ports. If the DHT is active when <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">listen_on</span></tt> is
called, the udp port will be rebound to the new port, if it was configured to use
the same port as the tcp socket, and if the listen_on call failed to bind to the
same port that the udp uses.</p>
<p>The reason why it's a good idea to run the DHT and the bittorrent socket on the same
port is because that is an assumption that may be used to increase performance. One
way to accelerate the connecting of peers on windows may be to first ping all peers
with a DHT ping packet, and connect to those that responds first. On windows one
can only connect to a few peers at a time because of a built in limitation (in XP
Service pack 2).</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-alert-mask">
<h2>set_alert_mask()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_alert_mask(int m);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Changes the mask of which alerts to receive. By default only errors are reported.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m</span></tt> is a bitmask where each bit represents a category of alerts.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="#alerts">alerts</a> for mor information on the alert categories.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pop-alert-wait-for-alert-set-alert-queue-size-limit">
<h2>pop_alert() wait_for_alert() set_alert_queue_size_limit()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; pop_alert();
alert const* wait_for_alert(time_duration max_wait);
size_t set_alert_queue_size_limit(size_t queue_size_limit_);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> is used to ask the session if any errors or events has occurred. With
<a class="reference internal" href="#set-alert-mask">set_alert_mask()</a> you can filter which alerts to receive through <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt>.
For information about the alert categories, see <a class="reference internal" href="#alerts">alerts</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wait_for_alert</span></tt> blocks until an alert is available, or for no more than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_wait</span></tt>
time. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wait_for_alert</span></tt> returns because of the time-out, and no alerts are available,
it returns 0. If at least one alert was generated, a pointer to that alert is returned.
The alert is not popped, any subsequent calls to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wait_for_alert</span></tt> will return the
same pointer until the alert is popped by calling <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert</span></tt>. This is useful for
leaving any alert dispatching mechanism independent of this blocking call, the dispatcher
can be called and it can pop the alert independently.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_alert_queue_size_limit()</span></tt> you can specify how many alerts can be awaiting for dispatching.
If this limit is reached, new incoming alerts can not be received until alerts are popped
by calling <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert</span></tt>. Default value is 1000.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-extension">
<h2>add_extension()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_extension(boost::function&lt;
boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;(torrent*, void*)&gt; ext);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function adds an extension to this session. The argument is a function
object that is called with a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent*</span></tt> and which should return a
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost::shared_ptr&lt;torrent_plugin&gt;</span></tt>. To write custom plugins, see
<a class="reference external" href="libtorrent_plugins.html">libtorrent plugins</a>. For the typical bittorrent client all of these
extensions should be added. The main plugins implemented in libtorrent are:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>metadata extension</dt>
<dd>Allows peers to download the metadata (.torren files) from the swarm
directly. Makes it possible to join a swarm with just a tracker and
info-hash.</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="literal-block">
#include &lt;libtorrent/extensions/metadata_transfer.hpp&gt;
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_metadata_plugin);
</pre>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>uTorrent metadata</dt>
<dd>Same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">metadata</span> <span class="pre">extension</span></tt> but compatible with uTorrent.</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="literal-block">
#include &lt;libtorrent/extensions/ut_metadata.hpp&gt;
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_ut_metadata_plugin);
</pre>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>uTorrent peer exchange</dt>
<dd>Exchanges peers between clients.</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="literal-block">
#include &lt;libtorrent/extensions/ut_pex.hpp&gt;
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_ut_pex_plugin);
</pre>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>smart ban plugin</dt>
<dd>A plugin that, with a small overhead, can ban peers
that sends bad data with very high accuracy. Should
eliminate most problems on poisoned torrents.</dd>
</dl>
<pre class="literal-block">
#include &lt;libtorrent/extensions/smart_ban.hpp&gt;
ses.add_extension(&amp;libtorrent::create_smart_ban_plugin);
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-settings-set-pe-settings">
<h2>set_settings() set_pe_settings()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_settings(session_settings const&amp; settings);
void set_pe_settings(pe_settings const&amp; settings);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets the session settings and the packet encryption settings respectively.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#session-settings">session_settings</a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#pe-settings">pe_settings</a> for more information on available
options.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-peer-proxy-set-web-seed-proxy-set-tracker-proxy-set-dht-proxy">
<h2>set_peer_proxy() set_web_seed_proxy() set_tracker_proxy() set_dht_proxy()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_peer_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_web_seed_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_tracker_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
void set_dht_proxy(proxy_settings const&amp; s);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_proxy</span></tt> is not available when DHT is disabled. These functions
sets the proxy settings for different kinds of connections, bittorrent peers,
web seeds, trackers and the DHT traffic.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_peer_proxy</span></tt> affects regular bittorrent peers. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_web_seed_proxy</span></tt>
affects only web seeds. see <a class="reference internal" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tracker_proxy</span></tt> only affects HTTP tracker connections (UDP tracker
connections are affected if the given proxy supports UDP, e.g. SOCKS5).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_proxy</span></tt> affects the DHT messages. Since they are sent over UDP,
it only has any effect if the proxy supports UDP.</p>
<p>For more information on what settings are available for proxies, see
<a class="reference internal" href="#proxy-settings">proxy_settings</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-proxy-web-seed-proxy-tracker-proxy-dht-proxy">
<h2>peer_proxy() web_seed_proxy() tracker_proxy() dht_proxy()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
proxy_settings const&amp; peer_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; web_seed_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; tracker_proxy() const;
proxy_settings const&amp; dht_proxy() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions returns references to their respective current settings.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_proxy</span></tt> is not available when DHT is disabled.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="start-dht-stop-dht-set-dht-settings-dht-state">
<h2>start_dht() stop_dht() set_dht_settings() dht_state()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void start_dht(entry const&amp; startup_state);
void stop_dht();
void set_dht_settings(dht_settings const&amp; settings);
entry dht_state() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are not available in case <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_DISABLE_DHT</span></tt> is
defined. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_dht</span></tt> starts the dht node and makes the trackerless service
available to torrents. The startup state is optional and can contain nodes
and the node id from the previous session. The dht node state is a bencoded
dictionary with the following entries:</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nodes</span></tt></dt>
<dd>A list of strings, where each string is a node endpoint encoded in binary. If
the string is 6 bytes long, it is an IPv4 address of 4 bytes, encoded in
network byte order (big endian), followed by a 2 byte port number (also
network byte order). If the string is 18 bytes long, it is 16 bytes of IPv6
address followed by a 2 bytes port number (also network byte order).</dd>
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node-id</span></tt></dt>
<dd>The node id written as a readable string as a hexadecimal number.</dd>
</dl>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_state</span></tt> will return the current state of the dht node, this can be used
to start up the node again, passing this entry to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_dht</span></tt>. It is a good
idea to save this to disk when the session is closed, and read it up again
when starting.</p>
<p>If the port the DHT is supposed to listen on is already in use, and exception
is thrown, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">asio::error</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_dht</span></tt> stops the dht node.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_node</span></tt> adds a node to the routing table. This can be used if your
client has its own source of bootstrapping nodes.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_dht_settings</span></tt> sets some parameters availavle to the dht node. The
struct has the following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_settings
{
int max_peers_reply;
int search_branching;
int service_port;
int max_fail_count;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_peers_reply</span></tt> is the maximum number of peers the node will send in
response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_peers</span></tt> message from another node.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">search_branching</span></tt> is the number of concurrent search request the node will
send when announcing and refreshing the routing table. This parameter is
called alpha in the kademlia paper.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">service_port</span></tt> is the udp port the node will listen to. This will default
to 0, which means the udp listen port will be the same as the tcp listen
port. This is in general a good idea, since some NAT implementations
reserves the udp port for any mapped tcp port, and vice versa. NAT-PMP
guarantees this for example.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_fail_count</span></tt> is the maximum number of failed tries to contact a node
before it is removed from the routing table. If there are known working nodes
that are ready to replace a failing node, it will be replaced immediately,
this limit is only used to clear out nodes that don't have any node that can
replace them.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-dht-node-add-dht-router">
<h2>add_dht_node() add_dht_router()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_dht_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
void add_dht_router(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_node</span></tt> takes a host name and port pair. That endpoint will be
pinged, and if a valid DHT reply is received, the node will be added to
the routing table.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_dht_router</span></tt> adds the given endpoint to a list of DHT router nodes.
If a search is ever made while the routing table is empty, those nodes will
be used as backups. Nodes in the router node list will also never be added
to the regular routing table, which effectively means they are only used
for bootstrapping, to keep the load off them.</p>
<p>An example routing node that you could typically add is
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">router.bittorrent.com</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="start-lsd-stop-lsd">
<h2>start_lsd() stop_lsd()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void start_lsd();
void stop_lsd();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Starts and stops Local Service Discovery. This service will broadcast
the infohashes of all the non-private torrents on the local network to
look for peers on the same swarm within multicast reach.</p>
<p>It is turned off by default.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="start-upnp-stop-upnp">
<h2>start_upnp() stop_upnp()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
upnp* start_upnp();
void stop_upnp();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Starts and stops the UPnP service. When started, the listen port and the DHT
port are attempted to be forwarded on local UPnP router devices.</p>
<p>The upnp object returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_upnp()</span></tt> can be used to add and remove
arbitrary port mappings. Mapping status is returned through the
<a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-alert">portmap_alert</a> and the <a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-error-alert">portmap_error_alert</a>. The object will be valid until
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_upnp()</span></tt> is called. See <a class="reference internal" href="#upnp-and-nat-pmp">UPnP and NAT-PMP</a>.</p>
<p>It is off by default.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="start-natpmp-stop-natpmp">
<h2>start_natpmp() stop_natpmp()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
natpmp* start_natpmp();
void stop_natpmp();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Starts and stops the NAT-PMP service. When started, the listen port and the DHT
port are attempted to be forwarded on the router through NAT-PMP.</p>
<p>The natpmp object returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_natpmp()</span></tt> can be used to add and remove
arbitrary port mappings. Mapping status is returned through the
<a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-alert">portmap_alert</a> and the <a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-error-alert">portmap_error_alert</a>. The object will be valid until
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_natpmp()</span></tt> is called. See <a class="reference internal" href="#upnp-and-nat-pmp">UPnP and NAT-PMP</a>.</p>
<p>It is off by default.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="entry">
<h1>entry</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> class represents one node in a bencoded hierarchy. It works as a
variant type, it can be either a list, a dictionary (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::map</span></tt>), an integer
or a string. This is its synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class entry
{
public:
typedef std::map&lt;std::string, entry&gt; dictionary_type;
typedef std::string string_type;
typedef std::list&lt;entry&gt; list_type;
typedef size_type integer_type;
enum data_type
{
int_t,
string_t,
list_t,
dictionary_t,
undefined_t
};
data_type type() const;
entry(dictionary_type const&amp;);
entry(string_type const&amp;);
entry(list_type const&amp;);
entry(integer_type const&amp;);
entry();
entry(data_type t);
entry(entry const&amp; e);
~entry();
void operator=(entry const&amp; e);
void operator=(dictionary_type const&amp;);
void operator=(string_type const&amp;);
void operator=(list_type const&amp;);
void operator=(integer_type const&amp;);
integer_type&amp; integer();
integer_type const&amp; integer() const;
string_type&amp; string();
string_type const&amp; string() const;
list_type&amp; list();
list_type const&amp; list() const;
dictionary_type&amp; dict();
dictionary_type const&amp; dict() const;
// these functions requires that the entry
// is a dictionary, otherwise they will throw
entry&amp; operator[](char const* key);
entry&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key);
entry const&amp; operator[](char const* key) const;
entry const&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key) const;
entry* find_key(char const* key);
entry const* find_key(char const* key) const;
void print(std::ostream&amp; os, int indent = 0) const;
};
</pre>
<p><em>TODO: finish documentation of entry.</em></p>
<div class="section" id="integer-string-list-dict-type">
<h2>integer() string() list() dict() type()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
integer_type&amp; integer();
integer_type const&amp; integer() const;
string_type&amp; string();
string_type const&amp; string() const;
list_type&amp; list();
list_type const&amp; list() const;
dictionary_type&amp; dict();
dictionary_type const&amp; dict() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">integer()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">string()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">list()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dict()</span></tt> functions
are accessors that return the respective type. If the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> object isn't of the
type you request, the accessor will throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a> (which derives from
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::runtime_error</span></tt>). You can ask an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> for its type through the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type()</span></tt> function.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">print()</span></tt> function is there for debug purposes only.</p>
<p>If you want to create an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">entry</span></tt> you give it the type you want it to have in its
constructor, and then use one of the non-const accessors to get a reference which you then
can assign the value you want it to have.</p>
<p>The typical code to get info from a torrent file will then look like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry torrent_file;
// ...
// throws if this is not a dictionary
entry::dictionary_type const&amp; dict = torrent_file.dict();
entry::dictionary_type::const_iterator i;
i = dict.find(&quot;announce&quot;);
if (i != dict.end())
{
std::string tracker_url = i-&gt;second.string();
std::cout &lt;&lt; tracker_url &lt;&lt; &quot;\n&quot;;
}
</pre>
<p>The following code is equivalent, but a little bit shorter:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry torrent_file;
// ...
// throws if this is not a dictionary
if (entry* i = torrent_file.find_key(&quot;announce&quot;))
{
std::string tracker_url = i-&gt;string();
std::cout &lt;&lt; tracker_url &lt;&lt; &quot;\n&quot;;
}
</pre>
<p>To make it easier to extract information from a torrent file, the class <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a>
exists.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="operator">
<h2>operator[]</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry&amp; operator[](char const* key);
entry&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key);
entry const&amp; operator[](char const* key) const;
entry const&amp; operator[](std::string const&amp; key) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>All of these functions requires the entry to be a dictionary, if it isn't they
will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
<p>The non-const versions of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator[]</span></tt> will return a reference to either
the existing element at the given key or, if there is no element with the
given key, a reference to a newly inserted element at that key.</p>
<p>The const version of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator[]</span></tt> will only return a reference to an
existing element at the given key. If the key is not found, it will throw
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="find-key">
<h2>find_key()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
entry* find_key(char const* key);
entry const* find_key(char const* key) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions requires the entry to be a dictionary, if it isn't they
will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::type_error</span></tt>.</p>
<p>They will look for an element at the given key in the dictionary, if the
element cannot be found, they will return 0. If an element with the given
key is found, the return a pointer to it.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-info">
<h1>torrent_info</h1>
<p>In previous versions of libtorrent, this class was also used for creating
torrent files. This functionality has been moved to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_torrent</span></tt>, see
<a class="reference external" href="make_torrent.html">make_torrent</a>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> has the following synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class torrent_info
{
public:
// these constructors throws exceptions on error
torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash);
torrent_info(lazy_entry const&amp; torrent_file);
torrent_info(char const* buffer, int size);
torrent_info(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; filename);
torrent_info(boost::filesystem::wpath const&amp; filename);
// these constructors sets the error code on error
torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(lazy_entry const&amp; torrent_file, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(char const* buffer, int size, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(fs::path const&amp; filename, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(fs::wpath const&amp; filename, error_code&amp; ec);
void add_tracker(std::string const&amp; url, int tier = 0);
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
file_storage const&amp; files() const;
file_storage const&amp; orig_files() const;
void rename_file(int index, std::string const&amp; new_filename);
void rename_file(int index, std::wstring const&amp; new_filename);
typedef file_storage::iterator file_iterator;
typedef file_storage::reverse_iterator reverse_file_iterator;
file_iterator begin_files() const;
file_iterator end_files() const;
reverse_file_iterator rbegin_files() const;
reverse_file_iterator rend_files() const;
int num_files() const;
file_entry const&amp; file_at(int index) const;
std::vector&lt;file_slice&gt; map_block(int piece, size_type offset
, int size) const;
peer_request map_file(int file_index, size_type file_offset
, int size) const;
bool priv() const;
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; url_seeds() const;
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; http_seeds() const;
void add_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
size_type total_size() const;
int piece_length() const;
int num_pieces() const;
sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash() const;
std::string const&amp; name() const;
std::string const&amp; comment() const;
std::string const&amp; creator() const;
std::vector&lt;std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; &gt; const&amp; nodes() const;
void add_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
boost::optional&lt;boost::posix_time::ptime&gt;
creation_date() const;
int piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
sha1_hash const&amp; hash_for_piece(unsigned int index) const;
char const* hash_for_piece_ptr(unsigned int index) const;
boost::shared_array&lt;char&gt; metadata() const;
int metadata_size() const;
};
</pre>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h2>torrent_info()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash);
torrent_info(lazy_entry const&amp; torrent_file);
torrent_info(char const* buffer, int size);
torrent_info(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; filename);
torrent_info(boost::filesystem::wpath const&amp; filename);
torrent_info(sha1_hash const&amp; info_hash, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(lazy_entry const&amp; torrent_file, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(char const* buffer, int size, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(fs::path const&amp; filename, error_code&amp; ec);
torrent_info(fs::wpath const&amp; filename, error_code&amp; ec);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The constructor that takes an info-hash will initialize the info-hash to the given value,
but leave all other fields empty. This is used internally when downloading torrents without
the metadata. The metadata will be created by libtorrent as soon as it has been downloaded
from the swarm.</p>
<p>The constructor that takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lazy_entry</span></tt> will create a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> object from the
information found in the given torrent_file. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lazy_entry</span></tt> represents a tree node in
an bencoded file. To load an ordinary .torrent file
into a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lazy_entry</span></tt>, use lazy_bdecode(), see <a class="reference internal" href="#bdecode-bencode">bdecode() bencode()</a>.</p>
<p>The version that takes a buffer pointer and a size will decode it as a .torrent file and
initialize the torrent_info object for you.</p>
<p>The version that takes a filename will simply load the torrent file and decode it inside
the constructor, for convenience. This might not be the most suitable for applications that
want to be able to report detailed errors on what might go wrong.</p>
<p>The overloads that takes an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span> <span class="pre">const&amp;</span></tt> never throws if an error occur, they
will simply set the error code to describe what went wrong and not fully initialize the
torrent_info object. The overloads that do not take the extra <a class="reference internal" href="#error-code">error_code</a> parameter will
always throw if an error occurs. These overloads are not available when building without
exception support.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-tracker">
<h2>add_tracker()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_tracker(std::string const&amp; url, int tier = 0);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_tracker()</span></tt> adds a tracker to the announce-list. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tier</span></tt> determines the order in
which the trackers are to be tried. For more information see <a class="reference internal" href="#trackers">trackers()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="files-orig-files">
<h2>files() orig_files()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
file_storage const&amp; file() const;
file_storage const&amp; orig_files() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_storage</span></tt> object contains the information on how to map the pieces to
files. It is separated from the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info</span></tt> object because when creating torrents
a storage object needs to be created without having a torrent file. When renaming files
in a storage, the storage needs to make its own copy of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_storage</span></tt> in order
to make its mapping differ from the one in the torrent file.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orig_files()</span></tt> returns the original (unmodified) file storage for this torrent. This
is used by the web server connection, which needs to request files with the original
names. Filename may be chaged using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info::rename_file()</span></tt>.</p>
<p>For more information on the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_storage</span></tt> object, see the separate document on how
to create torrents.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="rename-file">
<h2>rename_file()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void rename_file(int index, std::string const&amp; new_filename);
void rename_file(int index, std::wstring const&amp; new_filename);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Renames a the file with the specified index to the new name. The new filename is
reflected by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_storage</span></tt> returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">files()</span></tt> but not by the one
returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">orig_files()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="begin-files-end-files-rbegin-files-rend-files">
<h2>begin_files() end_files() rbegin_files() rend_files()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
file_iterator begin_files() const;
file_iterator end_files() const;
reverse_file_iterator rbegin_files() const;
reverse_file_iterator rend_files() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This class will need some explanation. First of all, to get a list of all files
in the torrent, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">begin_files()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">end_files()</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rbegin_files()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rend_files()</span></tt>. These will give you standard vector
iterators with the type <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_entry</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_entry
{
boost::filesystem::path path;
size_type offset;
size_type size;
size_type file_base;
bool pad_file:1;
bool hidden_attribute:1;
bool executable_attribute:1;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">path</span></tt> is the full (relative) path of each file. i.e. if it is a multi-file
torrent, all the files starts with a directory with the same name as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info::name()</span></tt>.
The filenames are encoded with UTF-8.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is the size of the file (in bytes) and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is the byte offset
of the file within the torrent. i.e. the sum of all the sizes of the files
before it in the list.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_base</span></tt> is the offset in the file where the storage should start. The normal
case is to have this set to 0, so that the storage starts saving data at the start
if the file. In cases where multiple files are mapped into the same file though,
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_base</span></tt> should be set to an offset so that the different regions do
not overlap. This is used when mapping &quot;unselected&quot; files into a so-called part
file.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pad_file</span></tt> is set to true for files that are not part of the data of the torrent.
They are just there to make sure the next file is aligned to a particular byte offset
or piece boundry. These files should typically be hidden from an end user. They are
not written to disk.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="num-files-file-at">
<h2>num_files() file_at()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int num_files() const;
file_entry const&amp; file_at(int index) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If you need index-access to files you can use the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_files()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_at()</span></tt>
to access files using indices.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="map-block">
<h2>map_block()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;file_slice&gt; map_block(int piece, size_type offset
, int size) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will map a piece index, a byte offset within that piece and
a size (in bytes) into the corresponding files with offsets where that data
for that piece is supposed to be stored.</p>
<p>The file slice struct looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_slice
{
int file_index;
size_type offset;
size_type size;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt> refers to the index of the file (in the torrent_info).
To get the path and filename, use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_at()</span></tt> and give the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt>
as argument. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is the byte offset in the file where the range
starts, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is the number of bytes this range is. The size + offset
will never be greater than the file size.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="map-file">
<h2>map_file()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
peer_request map_file(int file_index, size_type file_offset
, int size) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will map a range in a specific file into a range in the torrent.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_offset</span></tt> parameter is the offset in the file, given in bytes, where
0 is the start of the file.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_request</span></tt> structure looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_request
{
int piece;
int start;
int length;
bool operator==(peer_request const&amp; r) const;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is the index of the piece in which the range starts.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start</span></tt> is the offset within that piece where the range starts.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">length</span></tt> is the size of the range, in bytes.</p>
<p>The input range is assumed to be valid within the torrent. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_offset</span></tt>
+ <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is not allowed to be greater than the file size. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_index</span></tt>
must refer to a valid file, i.e. it cannot be &gt;= <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_files()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="url-seeds-add-url-seed-http-seeds-add-http-seed">
<h2>url_seeds() add_url_seed() http_seeds() add_http_seed()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; url_seeds() const;
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; const&amp; http_seeds() const;
void add_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If there are any url-seeds or http seeds in this torrent, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url_seeds()</span></tt>
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http_seeds()</span></tt> will return a vector of those urls.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_url_seed()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_http_seed()</span></tt> adds one url to the list of
url/http seeds. Currently, the only transport protocol
supported for the url is http.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="trackers">
<h2>trackers()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> function will return a sorted vector of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_entry</span></tt>.
Each announce entry contains a string, which is the tracker url, and a tier index. The
tier index is the high-level priority. No matter which trackers that works or not, the
ones with lower tier will always be tried before the one with higher tier number.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct announce_entry
{
announce_entry(std::string const&amp; url);
std::string url;
boost::uint8_t tier;
boost::uint8_t fail_limit;
boost::uint8_t fails;
enum tracker_source
{
source_torrent = 1,
source_client = 2,
source_magnet_link = 4,
source_tex = 8
};
boost::uint8_t source;
bool verified:1;
bool updating:1;
bool start_sent:1;
bool complete_sent:1;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fail_limit</span></tt> is the max number of failures to announce to this tracker in
a row, before this tracker is not used anymore.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fails</span></tt> is the number of times in a row we have failed to announce to this
tracker.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></tt> is a bitmask specifying which sources we got this tracker from.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">verified</span></tt> is set to true the first time we receive a valid response
from this tracker.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">updating</span></tt> is true while we're waiting for a response from the tracker.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start_sent</span></tt> is set to true when we get a valid response from an announce
with event=started. If it is set, we won't send start in the subsequent
announces.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">complete_sent</span></tt> is set to true when we send a event=completed.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="total-size-piece-length-piece-size-num-pieces">
<h2>total_size() piece_length() piece_size() num_pieces()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
size_type total_size() const;
int piece_length() const;
int piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
int num_pieces() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_size()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_pieces()</span></tt> returns the total
number of bytes the torrent-file represents (all the files in it), the number of byte for
each piece and the total number of pieces, respectively. The difference between
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_size()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> is that <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_size()</span></tt> takes
the piece index as argument and gives you the exact size of that piece. It will always
be the same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_length()</span></tt> except in the case of the last piece, which may
be smaller.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="hash-for-piece-hash-for-piece-ptr-info-hash">
<h2>hash_for_piece() hash_for_piece_ptr() info_hash()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
size_type piece_size(unsigned int index) const;
sha1_hash const&amp; hash_for_piece(unsigned int index) const;
char const* hash_for_piece_ptr(unsigned int index) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hash_for_piece()</span></tt> takes a piece-index and returns the 20-bytes sha1-hash for that
piece and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> returns the 20-bytes sha1-hash for the info-section of the
torrent file. For more information on the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sha1_hash</span></tt>, see the <a class="reference internal" href="#big-number">big_number</a> class.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hash_for_piece_ptr()</span></tt> returns a pointer to the 20 byte sha1 digest for the piece.
Note that the string is not null-terminated.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="name-comment-creation-date-creator">
<h2>name() comment() creation_date() creator()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string const&amp; name() const;
std::string const&amp; comment() const;
boost::optional&lt;boost::posix_time::ptime&gt; creation_date() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name()</span></tt> returns the name of the torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">comment()</span></tt> returns the comment associated with the torrent. If there's no comment,
it will return an empty string. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">creation_date()</span></tt> returns a <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/doc/html/date_time/posix_time.html#date_time.posix_time.ptime_class">boost::posix_time::ptime</a>
object, representing the time when this torrent file was created. If there's no time stamp
in the torrent file, this will return a date of January 1:st 1970.</p>
<p>Both the name and the comment is UTF-8 encoded strings.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">creator()</span></tt> returns the creator string in the torrent. If there is no creator string
it will return an empty string.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="priv">
<h2>priv()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool priv() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">priv()</span></tt> returns true if this torrent is private. i.e., it should not be
distributed on the trackerless network (the kademlia DHT).</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="nodes">
<h2>nodes()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; &gt; const&amp; nodes() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If this torrent contains any DHT nodes, they are put in this vector in their original
form (host name and port number).</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-node">
<h2>add_node()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_node(std::pair&lt;std::string, int&gt; const&amp; node);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This is used when creating torrent. Use this to add a known DHT node. It may
be used, by the client, to bootstrap into the DHT network.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="metadata-metadata-size">
<h2>metadata() metadata_size()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::shared_array&lt;char&gt; metadata() const;
int metadata_size() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">metadata()</span></tt> returns a the raw info section of the torrent file. The size
of the metadata is returned by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">metadata_size()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-handle">
<h1>torrent_handle</h1>
<p>You will usually have to store your torrent handles somewhere, since it's the
object through which you retrieve information about the torrent and aborts the torrent.
Its declaration looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_handle
{
torrent_handle();
torrent_status status();
void file_progress(std::vector&lt;size_type&gt;&amp; fp);
void get_download_queue(std::vector&lt;partial_piece_info&gt;&amp; queue) const;
void get_peer_info(std::vector&lt;peer_info&gt;&amp; v) const;
torrent_info const&amp; get_torrent_info() const;
bool is_valid() const;
std::string name() const;
void save_resume_data() const;
void force_reannounce() const;
void force_reannounce(boost::posix_time::time_duration) const;
void scrape_tracker() const;
void connect_peer(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; adr, int source = 0) const;
void set_tracker_login(std::string const&amp; username
, std::string const&amp; password) const;
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
void replace_trackers(std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp;);
void add_tracker(announc_entry const&amp; url);
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
void remove_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::set&lt;std::string&gt; url_seeds() const;
void add_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
void remove_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::set&lt;std::string&gt; http_seeds() const;
void set_ratio(float ratio) const;
int max_uploads() const;
void set_max_uploads(int max_uploads) const;
void set_max_connections(int max_connections) const;
int max_connections() const;
void set_upload_limit(int limit) const;
int upload_limit() const;
void set_download_limit(int limit) const;
int download_limit() const;
void set_sequential_download(bool sd) const;
bool is_sequential_download() const;
void set_peer_upload_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
void set_peer_download_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
int queue_position() const;
void queue_position_up() const;
void queue_position_down() const;
void queue_position_top() const;
void queue_position_bottom() const;
void use_interface(char const* net_interface) const;
void pause() const;
void resume() const;
bool is_paused() const;
bool is_seed() const;
void force_recheck() const;
void clear_error() const;
void set_upload_mode(bool m) const;
void resolve_countries(bool r);
bool resolve_countries() const;
enum deadline_flags { alert_when_available = 1 };
void set_piece_deadline(int index, time_duration deadline, int flags = 0) const;
void piece_priority(int index, int priority) const;
int piece_priority(int index) const;
void prioritize_pieces(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; pieces) const;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; piece_priorities() const;
void file_priority(int index, int priority) const;
int file_priority(int index) const;
void prioritize_files(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; files) const;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; file_priorities() const;
bool is_auto_managed() const;
void auto_managed(bool m) const;
bool has_metadata() const;
bool set_metadata(char const* buf, int size) const;
boost::filesystem::path save_path() const;
void move_storage(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path) const;
void move_storage(boost::filesystem::wpath const&amp; save_path) const;
void rename_file(int index, boost::filesystem::path) const;
void rename_file(int index, boost::filesystem::wpath) const;
storage_interface* get_storage_impl() const;
bool super_seeding() const;
void super_seeding(bool on) const;
enum flags_t { overwrite_existing = 1 };
void add_piece(int piece, char const* data, int flags = 0) const;
void read_piece(int piece) const;
sha1_hash info_hash() const;
bool operator==(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
bool operator!=(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
bool operator&lt;(torrent_handle const&amp;) const;
};
</pre>
<p>The default constructor will initialize the handle to an invalid state. Which
means you cannot perform any operation on it, unless you first assign it a
valid handle. If you try to perform any operation on an uninitialized handle,
it will throw <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">invalid_handle</span></tt>.</p>
<div class="warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">All operations on a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle</span></tt> may throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a>
exception, in case the handle is no longer refering to a torrent. There is
one exception <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_valid()</span></tt> will never throw.
Since the torrents are processed by a background thread, there is no
guarantee that a handle will remain valid between two calls.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-piece-deadline">
<h2>set_piece_deadline()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
enum deadline_flags { alert_when_available = 1 };
void set_piece_deadline(int index, time_duration deadline, int flags = 0) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function sets or resets the deadline associated with a specific piece
index (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt>). libtorrent will attempt to download this entire piece before
the deadline expires. This is not necessarily possible, but pieces with a more
recent deadline will always be prioritized over pieces with a deadline further
ahead in time. The deadline (and flags) of a piece can be changed by calling this
function again.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt> parameter can be used to ask libtorrent to send an alert once the
piece has been downloaded, by passing <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert_when_available</span></tt>. When set, the
<a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece-alert">read_piece_alert</a> alert will be delivered, with the piece data, when it's downloaded.</p>
<p>If the piece is already downloaded when this call is made, nothing happens, unless
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert_when_available</span></tt> flag is set, in which case it will do the same thing
as calling <a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece">read_piece()</a> for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="piece-priority-prioritize-pieces-piece-priorities">
<h2>piece_priority() prioritize_pieces() piece_priorities()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void piece_priority(int index, int priority) const;
int piece_priority(int index) const;
void prioritize_pieces(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; pieces) const;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; piece_priorities() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are used to set and get the prioritiy of individual pieces.
By default all pieces have priority 1. That means that the random rarest
first algorithm is effectively active for all pieces. You may however
change the priority of individual pieces. There are 8 different priority
levels:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="0">
<li>piece is not downloaded at all</li>
<li>normal priority. Download order is dependent on availability</li>
<li>higher than normal priority. Pieces are preferred over pieces with
the same availability, but not over pieces with lower availability</li>
<li>pieces are as likely to be picked as partial pieces.</li>
<li>pieces are preferred over partial pieces, but not over pieces with
lower availability</li>
<li><em>currently the same as 4</em></li>
<li>piece is as likely to be picked as any piece with availability 1</li>
<li>maximum priority, availability is disregarded, the piece is preferred
over any other piece with lower priority</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>The exact definitions of these priorities are implementation details, and
subject to change. The interface guarantees that higher number means higher
priority, and that 0 means do not download.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priority</span></tt> sets or gets the priority for an individual piece,
specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prioritize_pieces</span></tt> takes a vector of integers, one integer per piece in
the torrent. All the piece priorities will be updated with the priorities
in the vector.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priorities</span></tt> returns a vector with one element for each piece in the
torrent. Each element is the current priority of that piece.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-priority-prioritize-files-file-priorities">
<h2>file_priority() prioritize_files() file_priorities()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void file_priority(int index, int priority) const;
int file_priority(int index) const;
void prioritize_files(std::vector&lt;int&gt; const&amp; files) const;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; file_priorities() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt> must be in the range [0, number_of_files).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_priority</span></tt> queries or sets the priority of file <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prioritize_files</span></tt> takes a vector that has at as many elements as there are
files in the torrent. Each entry is the priority of that file. The function
sets the priorities of all the pieces in the torrent based on the vector.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_priorities</span></tt> returns a vector with the priorities of all files.</p>
<p>The priority values are the same as for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priority</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Whenever a file priority is changed, all other piece priorities are reset
to match the file priorities. In order to maintain sepcial priorities for
particular pieces, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priority</span></tt> has to be called again for those pieces.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-progress">
<h2>file_progress()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void file_progress(std::vector&lt;size_type&gt;&amp; fp);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function fills in the supplied vector with the the number of bytes downloaded
of each file in this torrent. The progress values are ordered the same as the files
in the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a>. This operation is not very cheap. Its complexity is <em>O(n + mj)</em>.
Where <em>n</em> is the number of files, <em>m</em> is the number of downloading pieces and <em>j</em>
is the number of blocks in a piece.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="save-path">
<h2>save_path()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::filesystem::path save_path() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path()</span></tt> returns the path that was given to <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a> when this torrent
was started.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="move-storage">
<h2>move_storage()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void move_storage(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; save_path) const;
void move_storage(boost::filesystem::wpath const&amp; save_path) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Moves the file(s) that this torrent are currently seeding from or downloading to. If
the given <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_path</span></tt> is not located on the same drive as the original save path,
The files will be copied to the new drive and removed from their original location.
This will block all other disk IO, and other torrents download and upload rates may
drop while copying the file.</p>
<p>Since disk IO is performed in a separate thread, this operation is also asynchronous.
Once the operation completes, the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_alert</span></tt> is generated, with the new
path as the message. If the move fails for some reason, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_failed_alert</span></tt>
is generated instead, containing the error message.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id5">
<h2>rename_file()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void rename_file(int index, boost::filesystem::path) const;
void rename_file(int index, boost::filesystem::wpath) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Renames the file with the given index asynchronously. The rename operation is complete
when either a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_renamed_alert</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_rename_failed_alert</span></tt> is posted.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-storage-impl">
<h2>get_storage_impl()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
storage_interface* get_storage_impl() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the storage implementation for this torrent. This depends on the
storage contructor function that was passed to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::add_torrent</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="super-seeding">
<h2>super_seeding()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool super_seeding() const;
void super_seeding(bool on) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Enables or disabled super seeding/initial seeding for this torrent. The torrent
needs to be a seed for this to take effect. The overload that returns a bool
tells you of super seeding is enabled or not.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-piece">
<h2>add_piece()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
enum flags_t { overwrite_existing = 1 };
void add_piece(int piece, char const* data, int flags = 0) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will write <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">data</span></tt> to the storage as piece <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt>, as if it had
been downloaded from a peer. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">data</span></tt> is expected to point to a buffer of as many
bytes as the size of the specified piece. The data in the buffer is copied and
passed on to the disk IO thread to be written at a later point.</p>
<p>By default, data that's already been downloaded is not overwritten by this buffer. If
you trust this data to be correct (and pass the piece hash check) you may pass the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">overwrite_existing</span></tt> flag. This will instruct libtorrent to overwrite any data that
may already have been downloaded with this data.</p>
<p>Since the data is written asynchronously, you may know that is passed or failed the
hash check by waiting for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_finished_alert</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_failed_alert</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="read-piece">
<h2>read_piece()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void read_piece(int piece) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function starts an asynchronous read operation of the specified piece from
this torrent. You must have completed the download of the specified piece before
calling this function.</p>
<p>When the read operation is completed, it is passed back through an alert,
<a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece-alert">read_piece_alert</a>. In order to receive this alert, you must enable
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert::storage_notification</span></tt> in your alert mask (see <a class="reference internal" href="#set-alert-mask">set_alert_mask()</a>).</p>
<p>Note that if you read multiple pieces, the read operations are not guaranteed to
finish in the same order as you initiated them.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="force-reannounce">
<h2>force_reannounce()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void force_reannounce() const;
void force_reannounce(boost::posix_time::time_duration) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">force_reannounce()</span></tt> will force this torrent to do another tracker request, to receive new
peers. The second overload of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">force_reannounce</span></tt> that takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">time_duration</span></tt> as
argument will schedule a reannounce in that amount of time from now.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="scrape-tracker">
<h2>scrape_tracker()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void scrape_tracker() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">scrape_tracker()</span></tt> will send a scrape request to the tracker. A scrape request queries the
tracker for statistics such as total number of incomplete peers, complete peers, number of
downloads etc.</p>
<p>This request will specifically update the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_complete</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_incomplete</span></tt> fields in
the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-status">torrent_status</a> struct once it completes. When it completes, it will generate a
<a class="reference internal" href="#scrape-reply-alert">scrape_reply_alert</a>. If it fails, it will generate a <a class="reference internal" href="#scrape-failed-alert">scrape_failed_alert</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="connect-peer">
<h2>connect_peer()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void connect_peer(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&amp; adr, int source = 0) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connect_peer()</span></tt> is a way to manually connect to peers that one believe is a part of the
torrent. If the peer does not respond, or is not a member of this torrent, it will simply
be disconnected. No harm can be done by using this other than an unnecessary connection
attempt is made. If the torrent is uninitialized or in queued or checking mode, this
will throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a>. The second (optional) argument will be bitwised ORed into
the source mask of this peer. Typically this is one of the source flags in <a class="reference internal" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a>.
i.e. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pex</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht</span></tt> etc.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="name">
<h2>name()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string name() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the name of the torrent. i.e. the name from the metadata associated with it. In
case the torrent was started without metadata, and hasn't completely received it yet,
it returns the name given to it when added to the session. See <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::add_torrent</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-ratio">
<h2>set_ratio()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_ratio(float ratio) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_ratio()</span></tt> sets the desired download / upload ratio. If set to 0, it is considered being
infinite. i.e. the client will always upload as much as it can, no matter how much it gets back
in return. With this setting it will work much like the standard clients.</p>
<p>Besides 0, the ratio can be set to any number greater than or equal to 1. It means how much to
attempt to upload in return for each download. e.g. if set to 2, the client will try to upload
2 bytes for every byte received. The default setting for this is 0, which will make it work
as a standard client.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-upload-limit-set-download-limit-upload-limit-download-limit">
<h2>set_upload_limit() set_download_limit() upload_limit() download_limit()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_upload_limit(int limit) const;
void set_download_limit(int limit) const;
int upload_limit() const;
int download_limit() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_limit</span></tt> will limit the upload bandwidth used by this particular torrent to the
limit you set. It is given as the number of bytes per second the torrent is allowed to upload.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_limit</span></tt> works the same way but for download bandwidth instead of upload bandwidth.
Note that setting a higher limit on a torrent then the global limit (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_upload_rate_limit</span></tt>)
will not override the global rate limit. The torrent can never upload more than the global rate
limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_limit</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_limit</span></tt> will return the current limit setting, for upload and
download, respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-sequential-download-is-sequential-download">
<h2>set_sequential_download() is_sequential_download()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_sequential_download(bool sd);
bool is_sequential_download() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_sequential_download()</span></tt> enables or disables <em>sequential download</em>. When enabled, the piece
picker will pick pieces in sequence instead of rarest first.</p>
<p>Enabling sequential download will affect the piece distribution negatively in the swarm. It should be
used sparingly.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_sequential_download()</span></tt> returns true if this torrent is downloading in sequence, and false
otherwise.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-peer-upload-limit-set-peer-download-limit">
<h2>set_peer_upload_limit() set_peer_download_limit()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_peer_upload_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
void set_peer_download_limit(asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip, int limit) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Works like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_upload_limit</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_download_limit</span></tt> respectively, but controls individual
peer instead of the whole torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id6">
<h2>pause() resume() is_paused()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void pause() const;
void resume() const;
bool is_paused() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pause()</span></tt>, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume()</span></tt> will disconnect all peers and reconnect all peers respectively.
When a torrent is paused, it will however remember all share ratios to all peers and remember
all potential (not connected) peers. You can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_paused()</span></tt> to determine if a torrent
is currently paused. Torrents may be paused automatically if there is a file error (e.g. disk full)
or something similar. See <a class="reference internal" href="#file-error-alert">file_error_alert</a>.</p>
<p>torrents that are auto-managed may be automatically resumed again. It does not make sense to
pause an auto-managed torrent without making it not automanaged first. Torrents are auto-managed
by default when added to the session. For more information, see <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_paused()</span></tt> only returns true if the torrent itself is paused. If the torrent
is not running because the session is paused, this still returns false. To know if a
torrent is active or not, you need to inspect both <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::is_paused()</span></tt>
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::is_paused()</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="force-recheck">
<h2>force_recheck()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void force_recheck() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">force_recheck</span></tt> puts the torrent back in a state where it assumes to have no resume data.
All peers will be disconnected and the torrent will stop announcing to the tracker. The torrent
will be added to the checking queue, and will be checked (all the files will be read and
compared to the piece hashes). Once the check is complete, the torrent will start connecting
to peers again, as normal.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="clear-error">
<h2>clear_error()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void clear_error() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If the torrent is in an error state (i.e. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_status::error</span></tt> is non-empty), this
will clear the error and start the torrent again.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-upload-mode">
<h2>set_upload_mode()</h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_upload_mode(bool m) const;
</pre>
<p>Explicitly sets the upload mode of the torrent. In upload mode, the torrent will not
request any pieces. If the torrent is auto managed, it will automatically be taken out
of upload mode periodically (see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::optimistic_disk_retry</span></tt>). Torrents
are automatically put in upload mode whenever they encounter a disk write error.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m</span></tt> should be true to enter upload mode, and false to leave it.</p>
<p>To test if a torrent is in upload mode, call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::status()</span></tt> and inspect
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_status::upload_mode</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="resolve-countries">
<h2>resolve_countries()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void resolve_countries(bool r);
bool resolve_countries() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Sets or gets the flag that derermines if countries should be resolved for the peers of this
torrent. It defaults to false. If it is set to true, the <a class="reference internal" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a> structure for the peers
in this torrent will have their <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">country</span></tt> member set. See <a class="reference internal" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a> for more information
on how to interpret this field.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="is-seed">
<h2>is_seed()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_seed() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns true if the torrent is in seed mode (i.e. if it has finished downloading).</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="is-auto-managed-auto-managed">
<h2>is_auto_managed() auto_managed()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_auto_managed() const;
void auto_managed(bool m) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">is_auto_managed()</span></tt> returns true if this torrent is currently <em>auto managed</em>.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_managed()</span></tt> changes whether the torrent is auto managed or not. For more info,
see <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="has-metadata-set-metadata">
<h2>has_metadata() set_metadata()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool has_metadata() const;
bool set_metadata(char const* buf, int size) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_metadata</span></tt> returns true if this torrent has metadata (either it was started from a
.torrent file or the metadata has been downloaded). The only scenario where this can return
false is when the torrent was started torrent-less (i.e. with just an info-hash and tracker
ip). Note that if the torrent doesn't have metadata, the member <a class="reference internal" href="#get-torrent-info">get_torrent_info()</a> will
throw.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_metadata</span></tt> expects the <em>info</em> section of metadata. i.e. The buffer passed in will be
hashed and verified against the info-hash. If it fails, a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">metadata_failed_alert</span></tt> will be
generated. If it passes, a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">metadata_received_alert</span></tt> is generated. The function returns
true if the metadata is successfully set on the torrent, and false otherwise. If the torrent
already has metadata, this function will not affect the torrent, and false will be returned.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-tracker-login">
<h2>set_tracker_login()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_tracker_login(std::string const&amp; username
, std::string const&amp; password) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tracker_login()</span></tt> sets a username and password that will be sent along in the HTTP-request
of the tracker announce. Set this if the tracker requires authorization.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="trackers-replace-trackers-add-tracker">
<h2>trackers() replace_trackers() add_tracker()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp; trackers() const;
void replace_trackers(std::vector&lt;announce_entry&gt; const&amp;) const;
void add_tracker(announc_entry const&amp; url);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> will return the list of trackers for this torrent. The
announce entry contains both a string <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url</span></tt> which specify the announce url
for the tracker as well as an int <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tier</span></tt>, which is specifies the order in
which this tracker is tried. If you want libtorrent to use another list of
trackers for this torrent, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">replace_trackers()</span></tt> which takes
a list of the same form as the one returned from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers()</span></tt> and will
replace it. If you want an immediate effect, you have to call
<a class="reference internal" href="#force-reannounce">force_reannounce()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_tracker()</span></tt> will look if the specified tracker is already in the set.
If it is, it doesn't do anything. If it's not in the current set of trackers,
it will insert it in the tier specified in the announce_entry.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-url-seed-remove-url-seed-url-seeds">
<h2>add_url_seed() remove_url_seed() url_seeds()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
void remove_url_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::set&lt;std::string&gt; url_seeds() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_url_seed()</span></tt> adds another url to the torrent's list of url seeds. If the
given url already exists in that list, the call has no effect. The torrent
will connect to the server and try to download pieces from it, unless it's
paused, queued, checking or seeding. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remove_url_seed()</span></tt> removes the given
url if it exists already. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url_seeds()</span></tt> return a set of the url seeds
currently in this torrent. Note that urls that fails may be removed
automatically from the list.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-http-seed-remove-http-seed-http-seeds">
<h2>add_http_seed() remove_http_seed() http_seeds()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
void remove_http_seed(std::string const&amp; url);
std::set&lt;std::string&gt; http_seeds() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions are identical as the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">*_url_seed()</span></tt> variants, but they
operate on BEP 17 web seeds instead of BEP 19.</p>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="#http-seeding">HTTP seeding</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="queue-position-queue-position-up-queue-position-down-queue-position-top-queue-position-bottom">
<h2>queue_position() queue_position_up() queue_position_down() queue_position_top() queue_position_bottom()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int queue_position() const;
void queue_position_up() const;
void queue_position_down() const;
void queue_position_top() const;
void queue_position_bottom() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Every torrent that is added is assigned a queue position exactly one greater than
the greatest queue position of all existing torrents. Torrents that are being
seeded have -1 as their queue position, since they're no longer in line to be downloaded.</p>
<p>When a torrent is removed or turns into a seed, all torrents with greater queue positions
have their positions decreased to fill in the space in the sequence.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queue_position()</span></tt> returns the torrent's position in the download queue. The torrents
with the smallest numbers are the ones that are being downloaded. The smaller number,
the closer the torrent is to the front of the line to be started.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queue_position_*()</span></tt> functions adjust the torrents position in the queue. Up means
closer to the front and down means closer to the back of the queue. Top and bottom refers
to the front and the back of the queue respectively.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="use-interface">
<h2>use_interface()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void use_interface(char const* net_interface) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_interface()</span></tt> sets the network interface this torrent will use when it opens outgoing
connections. By default, it uses the same interface as the <a class="reference internal" href="#session">session</a> uses to listen on. The
parameter must be a string containing an ip-address (either an IPv4 or IPv6 address). If
the string does not conform to this format and exception is thrown.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="info-hash">
<h2>info_hash()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
sha1_hash info_hash() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info_hash()</span></tt> returns the info-hash for the torrent.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="set-max-uploads-max-uploads-set-max-connections-max-connections">
<h2>set_max_uploads() max_uploads() set_max_connections() max_connections()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void set_max_uploads(int max_uploads) const;
int max_uploads() const;
void set_max_connections(int max_connections) const;
int max_connections() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_max_uploads()</span></tt> sets the maximum number of peers that's unchoked at the same time on this
torrent. If you set this to -1, there will be no limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_max_connections()</span></tt> sets the maximum number of connection this torrent will open. If all
connections are used up, incoming connections may be refused or poor connections may be closed.
This must be at least 2. The default is unlimited number of connections. If -1 is given to the
function, it means unlimited.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_uploads()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_connections()</span></tt> returns the current settings.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="save-resume-data">
<h2>save_resume_data()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void save_resume_data() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_resume_data()</span></tt> generates fast-resume data and returns it as an <a class="reference internal" href="#entry">entry</a>. This <a class="reference internal" href="#entry">entry</a>
is suitable for being bencoded. For more information about how fast-resume works, see <a class="reference internal" href="#fast-resume">fast resume</a>.</p>
<p>This operation is asynchronous, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_resume_data</span></tt> will return immediately. The resume data
is delivered when it's done through an <a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data-alert">save_resume_data_alert</a>.</p>
<p>The fast resume data will be empty in the following cases:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>The torrent handle is invalid.</li>
<li>The torrent is checking (or is queued for checking) its storage, it will obviously
not be ready to write resume data.</li>
<li>The torrent hasn't received valid metadata and was started without metadata
(see libtorrent's <a class="reference internal" href="#metadata-from-peers">metadata from peers</a> extension)</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Note that by the time you receive the fast resume data, it may already be invalid if the torrent
is still downloading! The recommended practice is to first pause the session, then generate the
fast resume data, and then close it down. Make sure to not <a class="reference internal" href="#remove-torrent">remove_torrent()</a> before you receive
the <a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data-alert">save_resume_data_alert</a> though. There's no need to pause when saving intermittent resume data.</p>
<div class="warning">
<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p class="last">If you pause every torrent individually instead of pausing the session, every torrent
will have its paused state saved in the resume data!</p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>It is typically a good idea to save resume data whenever a torrent is completed or paused. In those
cases you don't need to pause the torrent or the session, since the torrent will do no more writing
to its files. If you save resume data for torrents when they are paused, you can accelerate the
shutdown process by not saving resume data again for paused torrents. Completed torrents should
have their resume data saved when they complete and on exit, since their statistics might be updated.</p>
<p class="last">In full allocation mode the reume data is never invalidated by subsequent
writes to the files, since pieces won't move around. This means that you don't need to
pause before writing resume data in full or sparse mode. If you don't, however, any data written to
disk after you saved resume data and before the <a class="reference internal" href="#session">session</a> closed is lost.</p>
</div>
<p>It also means that if the resume data is out dated, libtorrent will not re-check the files, but assume
that it is fairly recent. The assumption is that it's better to loose a little bit than to re-check
the entire file.</p>
<p>It is still a good idea to save resume data periodically during download as well as when
closing down.</p>
<p>Example code to pause and save resume data for all torrents and wait for the alerts:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
int num_resume_data = 0;
std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt; handles = ses.get_torrents();
ses.pause();
for (std::vector&lt;torrent_handle&gt;::iterator i = handles.begin();
i != handles.end(); ++i)
{
torrent_handle&amp; h = *i;
if (!h.has_metadata()) continue;
if (!h.is_valid()) continue;
h.save_resume_data();
++num_resume_data;
}
while (num_resume_data &gt; 0)
{
alert const* a = ses.wait_for_alert(seconds(10));
// if we don't get an alert within 10 seconds, abort
if (a == 0) break;
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; holder = ses.pop_alert();
if (dynamic_cast&lt;save_resume_data_failed_alert const*&gt;(a))
{
process_alert(a);
--num_resume_data;
continue;
}
save_resume_data_alert const* rd = dynamic_cast&lt;save_resume_data_alert const*&gt;(a);
if (rd == 0)
{
process_alert(a);
continue;
}
torrent_handle h = rd-&gt;handle;
boost::filesystem::ofstream out(h.save_path()
/ (h.get_torrent_info().name() + &quot;.fastresume&quot;), std::ios_base::binary);
out.unsetf(std::ios_base::skipws);
bencode(std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(out), *rd-&gt;resume_data);
--num_resume_data;
}
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id7">
<h2>status()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_status status() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status()</span></tt> will return a structure with information about the status of this
torrent. If the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid, it will throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a> exception.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-status">torrent_status</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-download-queue">
<h2>get_download_queue()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void get_download_queue(std::vector&lt;partial_piece_info&gt;&amp; queue) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_download_queue()</span></tt> takes a non-const reference to a vector which it will fill with
information about pieces that are partially downloaded or not downloaded at all but partially
requested. The entry in the vector (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial_piece_info</span></tt>) looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct partial_piece_info
{
int piece_index;
int blocks_in_piece;
enum state_t { none, slow, medium, fast };
state_t piece_state;
block_info* blocks;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_index</span></tt> is the index of the piece in question. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_in_piece</span></tt> is the
number of blocks in this particular piece. This number will be the same for most pieces, but
the last piece may have fewer blocks than the standard pieces.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_state</span></tt> is set to either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">medium</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slow</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt>. It tells which
download rate category the peers downloading this piece falls into. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> means that no
peer is currently downloading any part of the piece. Peers prefer picking pieces from
the same category as themselves. The reason for this is to keep the number of partially
downloaded pieces down. Pieces set to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> can be converted into any of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fast</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">medium</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slow</span></tt> as soon as a peer want to download from it.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct block_info
{
enum block_state_t
{ none, requested, writing, finished };
void set_peer(tcp::endpoint const&amp; ep);
tcp::endpoint peer() const;
unsigned bytes_progress:15;
unsigned block_size:15;
unsigned state:2;
unsigned num_peers:14;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks</span></tt> field points to an array of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks_in_piece</span></tt> elements. This pointer is
only valid until the next call to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_download_queue()</span></tt> for any torrent in the same session.
They all share the storaga for the block arrays in their session object.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">block_info</span></tt> array contains data for each individual block in the piece. Each block has
a state (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">state</span></tt>) which is any of:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> - This block has not been downloaded or requested form any peer.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">requested</span></tt> - The block has been requested, but not completely downloaded yet.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">writing</span></tt> - The block has been downloaded and is currently queued for being written to disk.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">finished</span></tt> - The block has been written to disk.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer</span></tt> field is the ip address of the peer this block was downloaded from.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the number of peers that is currently requesting this block. Typically this
is 0 or 1, but at the end of the torrent blocks may be requested by more peers in parallel to
speed things up.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bytes_progress</span></tt> is the number of bytes that have been received for this block, and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">block_size</span></tt> is the total number of bytes in this block.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-peer-info">
<h2>get_peer_info()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void get_peer_info(std::vector&lt;peer_info&gt;&amp;) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_peer_info()</span></tt> takes a reference to a vector that will be cleared and filled
with one entry for each peer connected to this torrent, given the handle is valid. If the
<a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid, it will throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a> exception. Each entry in
the vector contains information about that particular peer. See <a class="reference internal" href="#peer-info">peer_info</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="get-torrent-info">
<h2>get_torrent_info()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_info const&amp; get_torrent_info() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns a const reference to the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a> object associated with this torrent.
This reference is valid as long as the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is valid, no longer. If the
<a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a> is invalid or if it doesn't have any metadata, <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a>
exception will be thrown. The torrent may be in a state without metadata only if
it was started without a .torrent file, i.e. by using the libtorrent extension of
just supplying a tracker and info-hash.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="is-valid">
<h2>is_valid()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool is_valid() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns true if this handle refers to a valid torrent and false if it hasn't been initialized
or if the torrent it refers to has been aborted. Note that a handle may become invalid after
it has been added to the session. Usually this is because the storage for the torrent is
somehow invalid or if the filenames are not allowed (and hence cannot be opened/created) on
your filesystem. If such an error occurs, a <a class="reference internal" href="#file-error-alert">file_error_alert</a> is generated and all handles
that refers to that torrent will become invalid.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-status">
<h1>torrent_status</h1>
<p>It contains the following fields:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_status
{
enum state_t
{
queued_for_checking,
checking_files,
downloading_metadata,
downloading,
finished,
seeding,
allocating,
checking_resume_data
};
state_t state;
bool paused;
float progress;
std::string error;
boost::posix_time::time_duration next_announce;
boost::posix_time::time_duration announce_interval;
std::string current_tracker;
size_type total_download;
size_type total_upload;
size_type total_payload_download;
size_type total_payload_upload;
size_type total_failed_bytes;
size_type total_redundant_bytes;
float download_rate;
float upload_rate;
float download_payload_rate;
float upload_payload_rate;
int num_peers;
int num_complete;
int num_incomplete;
int list_seeds;
int list_peers;
int connect_candidates;
bitfield pieces;
int num_pieces;
size_type total_done;
size_type total_wanted_done;
size_type total_wanted;
int num_seeds;
float distributed_copies;
int block_size;
int num_uploads;
int num_connections;
int uploads_limit;
int connections_limit;
storage_mode_t storage_mode;
int up_bandwidth_queue;
int down_bandwidth_queue;
size_type all_time_upload;
size_type all_time_download;
int active_time;
int seeding_time;
int seed_rank;
int last_scrape;
bool has_incoming;
int sparse_regions;
bool seed_mode;
bool upload_mode;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">progress</span></tt> is a value in the range [0, 1], that represents the progress of the
torrent's current task. It may be checking files or downloading. The torrent's
current task is in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">state</span></tt> member, it will be one of the following:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="31%" />
<col width="69%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">checking_resume_data</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is currently checking the fastresume data and
comparing it to the files on disk. This is typically
completed in a fraction of a second, but if you add a
large number of torrents at once, they will queue up.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queued_for_checking</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is in the queue for being checked. But there
currently is another torrent that are being checked.
This torrent will wait for its turn.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">checking_files</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent has not started its download yet, and is
currently checking existing files.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_metadata</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is trying to download metadata from peers.
This assumes the metadata_transfer extension is in use.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading</span></tt></td>
<td>The torrent is being downloaded. This is the state
most torrents will be in most of the time. The progress
meter will tell how much of the files that has been
downloaded.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">finished</span></tt></td>
<td>In this state the torrent has finished downloading but
still doesn't have the entire torrent. i.e. some pieces
are filtered and won't get downloaded.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding</span></tt></td>
<td>In this state the torrent has finished downloading and
is a pure seeder.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocating</span></tt></td>
<td>If the torrent was started in full allocation mode, this
indicates that the (disk) storage for the torrent is
allocated.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>When downloading, the progress is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted_done</span></tt> / <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt> is set to true if the torrent is paused and false otherwise.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> may be set to an error message describing why the torrent was paused, in
case it was paused by an error. If the torrent is not paused or if it's paused but
not because of an error, this string is empty.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">next_announce</span></tt> is the time until the torrent will announce itself to the tracker. And
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_interval</span></tt> is the time the tracker want us to wait until we announce ourself
again the next time.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">current_tracker</span></tt> is the URL of the last working tracker. If no tracker request has
been successful yet, it's set to an empty string.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> is the number of bytes downloaded and
uploaded to all peers, accumulated, <em>this session</em> only. The session is considered
to restart when a torrent is paused and restarted again. When a torrent is paused,
these counters are reset to 0. If you want complete, persistent, stats, see
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">all_time_upload</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">all_time_download</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_upload</span></tt> counts the amount of bytes
send and received this session, but only the actual payload data (i.e the interesting
data), these counters ignore any protocol overhead.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_failed_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that has been downloaded and that
has failed the piece hash test. In other words, this is just how much crap that
has been downloaded.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_redundant_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes that has been downloaded even
though that data already was downloaded. The reason for this is that in some
situations the same data can be downloaded by mistake. When libtorrent sends
requests to a peer, and the peer doesn't send a response within a certain
timeout, libtorrent will re-request that block. Another situation when
libtorrent may re-request blocks is when the requests it sends out are not
replied in FIFO-order (it will re-request blocks that are skipped by an out of
order block). This is supposed to be as low as possible.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> is the bitmask that represents which pieces we have (set to true) and
the pieces we don't have. It's a pointer and may be set to 0 if the torrent isn't
downloading or seeding.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_pieces</span></tt> is the number of pieces that has been downloaded. It is equivalent
to: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">std::accumulate(pieces-&gt;begin(),</span> <span class="pre">pieces-&gt;end())</span></tt>. So you don't have to
count yourself. This can be used to see if anything has updated since last time
if you want to keep a graph of the pieces up to date.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate</span></tt> are the total rates for all peers for this
torrent. These will usually have better precision than summing the rates from
all peers. The rates are given as the number of bytes per second. The
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_payload_rate</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_payload_rate</span></tt> respectively is the
total transfer rate of payload only, not counting protocol chatter. This might
be slightly smaller than the other rates, but if projected over a long time
(e.g. when calculating ETA:s) the difference may be noticeable.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> is the number of peers this torrent currently is connected to.
Peer connections that are in the half-open state (is attempting to connect)
or are queued for later connection attempt do not count. Although they are
visible in the peer list when you call <a class="reference internal" href="#get-peer-info">get_peer_info()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_complete</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_incomplete</span></tt> are set to -1 if the tracker did not
send any scrape data in its announce reply. This data is optional and may
not be available from all trackers. If these are not -1, they are the total
number of peers that are seeding (complete) and the total number of peers
that are still downloading (incomplete) this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">list_seeds</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">list_peers</span></tt> are the number of seeds in our peer list
and the total number of peers (including seeds) respectively. We are not
necessarily connected to all the peers in our peer list. This is the number
of peers we know of in total, including banned peers and peers that we have
failed to connect to.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connect_candidates</span></tt> is the number of peers in this torrent's peer list
that is a candidate to be connected to. i.e. It has fewer connect attempts
than the max fail count, it is not a seed if we are a seed, it is not banned
etc. If this is 0, it means we don't know of any more peers that we can try.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_done</span></tt> is the total number of bytes of the file(s) that we have. All
this does not necessarily has to be downloaded during this session (that's
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_payload_download</span></tt>).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted_done</span></tt> is the number of bytes we have downloaded, only counting the
pieces that we actually want to download. i.e. excluding any pieces that we have but
are filtered as not wanted.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_wanted</span></tt> is the total number of bytes we want to download. This is also
excluding pieces that have been filtered.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_seeds</span></tt> is the number of peers that are seeding that this client is
currently connected to.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">distributed_copies</span></tt> is the number of distributed copies of the torrent.
Note that one copy may be spread out among many peers. The integer part
tells how many copies there are currently of the rarest piece(s) among the
peers this client is connected to. The fractional part tells the share of
pieces that have more copies than the rarest piece(s). For example: 2.5 would
mean that the rarest pieces have only 2 copies among the peers this torrent is
connected to, and that 50% of all the pieces have more than two copies.</p>
<p>If we are a seed, the piece picker is deallocated as an optimization, and
piece availability is no longer tracked. In this case the distributed
copies is set to -1.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">block_size</span></tt> is the size of a block, in bytes. A block is a sub piece, it
is the number of bytes that each piece request asks for and the number of
bytes that each bit in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">partial_piece_info</span></tt>'s bitset represents
(see <a class="reference internal" href="#get-download-queue">get_download_queue()</a>). This is typically 16 kB, but it may be
larger if the pieces are larger.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_uploads</span></tt> is the number of unchoked peers in this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_connections</span></tt> is the number of peer connections this torrent has, including
half-open connections that hasn't completed the bittorrent handshake yet. This is
always &lt;= <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uploads_limit</span></tt> is the set limit of upload slots (unchoked peers) for this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connections_limit</span></tt> is the set limit of number of connections for this torrent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode</span></tt> is one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode_allocate</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode_sparse</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_mode_compact</span></tt>. Identifies which storage mode this torrent is being saved
with. See <a class="reference internal" href="#storage-allocation">Storage allocation</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">up_bandwidth_queue</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">down_bandwidth_queue</span></tt> are the number of peers in this
torrent that are waiting for more bandwidth quota from the torrent rate limiter.
This can determine if the rate you get from this torrent is bound by the torrents
limit or not. If there is no limit set on this torrent, the peers might still be
waiting for bandwidth quota from the global limiter, but then they are counted in
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_status</span></tt> object.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">all_time_upload</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">all_time_download</span></tt> are accumulated upload and download
payload byte counters. They are saved in and restored from resume data to keep totals
across sessions.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_time</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding_time</span></tt> are second counters. They keep track of the
number of seconds this torrent has been active (not paused) and the number of
seconds it has been active while being a seed. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding_time</span></tt> should be &gt;=
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_time</span></tt> They are saved in and restored from resume data, to keep totals
across sessions.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_rank</span></tt> is a rank of how important it is to seed the torrent, it is used
to determine which torrents to seed and which to queue. It is based on the peer
to seed ratio from the tracker scrape. For more information, see <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_scrape</span></tt> is the number of seconds since this torrent acquired scrape data.
If it has never done that, this value is -1.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_incoming</span></tt> is true if there has ever been an incoming connection attempt
to this torrent.'</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sparse_regions</span></tt> the number of regions of non-downloaded pieces in the
torrent. This is an interesting metric on windows vista, since there is
a limit on the number of sparse regions in a single file there.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_mode</span></tt> is true if the torrent is in seed_mode. If the torrent was
started in seed mode, it will leave seed mode once all pieces have been
checked or as soon as one piece fails the hash check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_mode</span></tt> is true if the torrent is blocked from downloading. This
typically happens when a disk write operation fails. If the torrent is
auto-managed, it will periodically be taken out of this state, in the
hope that the disk condition (be it disk full or permission errors) has
been resolved. If the torrent is not auto-managed, you have to explicitly
take it out of the upload mode by calling <a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-mode">set_upload_mode()</a> on the
<a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-info">
<h1>peer_info</h1>
<p>It contains the following fields:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_info
{
enum
{
interesting = 0x1,
choked = 0x2,
remote_interested = 0x4,
remote_choked = 0x8,
supports_extensions = 0x10,
local_connection = 0x20,
handshake = 0x40,
connecting = 0x80,
queued = 0x100,
on_parole = 0x200,
seed = 0x400,
optimistic_unchoke = 0x800,
snubbed = 0x1000,
upload_only = 0x2000,
rc4_encrypted = 0x100000,
plaintext_encrypted = 0x200000
};
unsigned int flags;
enum peer_source_flags
{
tracker = 0x1,
dht = 0x2,
pex = 0x4,
lsd = 0x8
};
int source;
enum bw_state { bw_idle, bw_limit, bw_network, bw_disk };
char read_state;
char write_state;
asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ip;
float up_speed;
float down_speed;
float payload_up_speed;
float payload_down_speed;
size_type total_download;
size_type total_upload;
peer_id pid;
bitfield pieces;
int upload_limit;
int download_limit;
time_duration last_request;
time_duration last_active;
int request_timeout;
int send_buffer_size;
int used_send_buffer;
int receive_buffer_size;
int used_receive_buffer;
int num_hashfails;
char country[2];
std::string inet_as_name;
int inet_as;
size_type load_balancing;
int requests_in_buffer;
int download_queue_length;
int upload_queue_length;
int failcount;
int downloading_piece_index;
int downloading_block_index;
int downloading_progress;
int downloading_total;
std::string client;
enum
{
standard_bittorrent = 0,
web_seed = 1
};
int connection_type;
int remote_dl_rate;
int pending_disk_bytes;
int send_quota;
int receive_quota;
int rtt;
int num_pieces;
int download_rate_peak;
int upload_rate_peak;
float progress;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt> attribute tells you in which state the peer is. It is set to
any combination of the enums above. The following table describes each flag:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="31%" />
<col width="69%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">interesting</span></tt></td>
<td><strong>we</strong> are interested in pieces from this peer.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">choked</span></tt></td>
<td><strong>we</strong> have choked this peer.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remote_interested</span></tt></td>
<td>the peer is interested in <strong>us</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remote_choked</span></tt></td>
<td>the peer has choked <strong>us</strong>.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">support_extensions</span></tt></td>
<td>means that this peer supports the
<a class="reference external" href="extension_protocol.html">extension protocol</a>.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">local_connection</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection was initiated by us, the peer has a
listen port open, and that port is the same as in the
address of this peer. If this flag is not set, this
peer connection was opened by this peer connecting to
us.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handshake</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is opened, and waiting for the
handshake. Until the handshake is done, the peer
cannot be identified.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connecting</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is in a half-open state (i.e. it is
being connected).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">queued</span></tt></td>
<td>The connection is currently queued for a connection
attempt. This may happen if there is a limit set on
the number of half-open TCP connections.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">on_parole</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer has participated in a piece that failed the
hash check, and is now &quot;on parole&quot;, which means we're
only requesting whole pieces from this peer until
it either fails that piece or proves that it doesn't
send bad data.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer is a seed (it has all the pieces).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimistic_unchoke</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer is subject to an optimistic unchoke. It has
been unchoked for a while to see if it might unchoke
us in return an earn an upload/unchoke slot. If it
doesn't within some period of time, it will be choked
and another peer will be optimistically unchoked.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">snubbed</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer has recently failed to send a block within
the request timeout from when the request was sent.
We're currently picking one block at a time from this
peer.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_only</span></tt></td>
<td>This peer has either explicitly (with an extension)
or implicitly (by becoming a seed) told us that it
will not downloading anything more, regardless of
which pieces we have.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></tt> is a combination of flags describing from which sources this peer
was received. The flags are:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the tracker.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the kademlia DHT.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pex</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the peer exchange
extension.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lsd</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was received from the local service
discovery (The peer is on the local network).</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume_data</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer was added from the fast resume data.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_state</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">write_state</span></tt> indicates what state this peer is in with regards
to sending and receiving data. The states are declared in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bw_state</span></tt> enum and
defines as follows:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bw_idle</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer is not waiting for any external events to
send or receive data.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bw_limit</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer is waiting for the rate limiter.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bw_network</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer has quota and is currently waiting for a
network read or write operation to complete. This is
the state all peers are in if there are no bandwidth
limits.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bw_disk</span></tt></td>
<td>The peer is waiting for the disk I/O thread to catch
up writing buffers to disk before downloading more.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> field is the IP-address to this peer. The type is an asio endpoint. For
more info, see the <a class="reference external" href="http://asio.sf.net">asio</a> documentation.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">up_speed</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">down_speed</span></tt> contains the current upload and download speed
we have to and from this peer (including any protocol messages). The transfer rates
of payload data only are found in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_up_speed</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">payload_down_speed</span></tt>.
These figures are updated approximately once every second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_download</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_upload</span></tt> are the total number of bytes downloaded
from and uploaded to this peer. These numbers do not include the protocol chatter, but only
the payload data.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pid</span></tt> is the peer's id as used in the bit torrent protocol. This id can be used to
extract 'fingerprints' from the peer. Sometimes it can tell you which client the peer
is using. See identify_client()_</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> is a bitfield, with one bit per piece in the torrent.
Each bit tells you if the peer has that piece (if it's set to 1)
or if the peer miss that piece (set to 0).</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed</span></tt> is true if this peer is a seed.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_limit</span></tt> is the number of bytes per second we are allowed to send to this
peer every second. It may be -1 if there's no local limit on the peer. The global
limit and the torrent limit is always enforced anyway.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_limit</span></tt> is the number of bytes per second this peer is allowed to
receive. -1 means it's unlimited.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_request</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last_active</span></tt> is the time since we last sent a request
to this peer and since any transfer occurred with this peer, respectively.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds until the current front piece request
will time out. This timeout can be adjusted through <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::request_timeout</span></tt>.
-1 means that there is not outstanding request.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_buffer_size</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">used_send_buffer</span></tt> is the number of bytes allocated
and used for the peer's send buffer, respectively.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">receive_buffer_size</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">used_receive_buffer</span></tt> are the number of bytes
allocated and used as receive buffer, respectively.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_hashfails</span></tt> is the number of pieces this peer has participated in
sending us that turned out to fail the hash check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">country</span></tt> is the two letter <a class="reference external" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/02iso-3166-code-lists/list-en1.html">ISO 3166 country code</a> for the country the peer
is connected from. If the country hasn't been resolved yet, both chars are set
to 0. If the resolution failed for some reason, the field is set to &quot;--&quot;. If the
resolution service returns an invalid country code, it is set to &quot;!!&quot;.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">countries.nerd.dk</span></tt> service is used to look up countries. This field will
remain set to 0 unless the torrent is set to resolve countries, see <a class="reference internal" href="#resolve-countries">resolve_countries()</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inet_as_name</span></tt> is the name of the AS this peer is located in. This might be
an empty string if there is no name in the geo ip database.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inet_as</span></tt> is the AS number the peer is located in.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">load_balancing</span></tt> is a measurement of the balancing of free download (that we get)
and free upload that we give. Every peer gets a certain amount of free upload, but
this member says how much <em>extra</em> free upload this peer has got. If it is a negative
number it means that this was a peer from which we have got this amount of free
download.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">requests_in_buffer</span></tt> is the number of requests messages that are currently in the
send buffer waiting to be sent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_queue_length</span></tt> is the number of piece-requests we have sent to this peer
that hasn't been answered with a piece yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_queue_length</span></tt> is the number of piece-requests we have received from this peer
that we haven't answered with a piece yet.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">failcount</span></tt> is the number of times this peer has &quot;failed&quot;. i.e. failed to connect
or disconnected us. The failcount is decremented when we see this peer in a tracker
response or peer exchange message.</p>
<p>You can know which piece, and which part of that piece, that is currently being
downloaded from a specific peer by looking at the next four members.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_piece_index</span></tt> is the index of the piece that is currently being downloaded.
This may be set to -1 if there's currently no piece downloading from this peer. If it is
&gt;= 0, the other three members are valid. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_block_index</span></tt> is the index of the
block (or sub-piece) that is being downloaded. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_progress</span></tt> is the number
of bytes of this block we have received from the peer, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">downloading_total</span></tt> is
the total number of bytes in this block.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">client</span></tt> is a string describing the software at the other end of the connection.
In some cases this information is not available, then it will contain a string
that may give away something about which software is running in the other end.
In the case of a web seed, the server type and version will be a part of this
string.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connection_type</span></tt> can currently be one of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">standard_bittorrent</span></tt> or
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">web_seed</span></tt>. These are currently the only implemented protocols.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">remote_dl_rate</span></tt> is an estimate of the rate this peer is downloading at, in
bytes per second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pending_disk_bytes</span></tt> is the number of bytes this peer has pending in the
disk-io thread. Downloaded and waiting to be written to disk. This is what
is capped by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::max_outstanding_disk_bytes_per_connection</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_quota</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">receive_quota</span></tt> are the number of bytes this peer has been
assigned to be allowed to send and receive until it has to request more quota
from the bandwidth manager.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rtt</span></tt> is an estimated round trip time to this peer, in milliseconds. It is
estimated by timing the the tcp <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connect()</span></tt>. It may be 0 for incoming connections.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_pieces</span></tt> is the number of pieces this peer has.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate_peak</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate_peak</span></tt> are the highest download and upload
rates seen on this connection. They are given in bytes per second. This number is
reset to 0 on reconnect.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">progress</span></tt> is the progress of the peer.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="session-customization">
<h1>session customization</h1>
<p>You have some control over session configuration through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings</span></tt> object. You
create it and fill it with your settings and then use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_settings()</span></tt>
to apply them.</p>
<p>You have control over proxy and authorization settings and also the user-agent
that will be sent to the tracker. The user-agent will also be used to identify the
client with other peers.</p>
<div class="section" id="presets">
<h2>presets</h2>
<p>The default values of the session settings are set for a regular bittorrent client running
on a desktop system. There are functions that can set the session settings to pre set
settings for other environments. These can be used for the basis, and should be tweaked to
fit your needs better.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
session_settings min_memory_usage();
session_settings high_performance_seed();
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min_memory_usage</span></tt> returns settings that will use the minimal amount of RAM, at the
potential expense of upload and download performance. It adjusts the socket buffer sizes,
disables the disk cache, lowers the send buffer watermarks so that each connection only has
at most one block in use at any one time. It lowers the outstanding blocks send to the disk
I/O thread so that connections only have one block waiting to be flushed to disk at any given
time. It lowers the max number of peers in the peer list for torrents. It performs multiple
smaller reads when it hashes pieces, instead of reading it all into memory before hashing.</p>
<p>This configuration is inteded to be the starting point for embedded devices. It will
significantly reduce memory usage.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">high_performance_seed</span></tt> returns settings optimized for a seed box, serving many peers
and that doesn't do any downloading. It has a 128 MB disk cache and has a limit of 400 files
in its file pool. It support fast upload rates by allowing large send buffers.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="session-settings">
<h2>session_settings</h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct session_settings
{
session_settings();
std::string user_agent;
int tracker_completion_timeout;
int tracker_receive_timeout;
int stop_tracker_timeout;
int tracker_maximum_response_length;
int piece_timeout;
float request_queue_time;
int max_allowed_in_request_queue;
int max_out_request_queue;
int whole_pieces_threshold;
int peer_timeout;
int urlseed_timeout;
int urlseed_pipeline_size;
int file_pool_size;
bool allow_multiple_connections_per_ip;
int max_failcount;
int min_reconnect_time;
int peer_connect_timeout;
bool ignore_limits_on_local_network;
int connection_speed;
bool send_redundant_have;
bool lazy_bitfields;
int inactivity_timeout;
int unchoke_interval;
int optimistic_unchoke_interval;
address announce_ip;
int num_want;
int initial_picker_threshold;
int allowed_fast_set_size;
int max_queued_disk_bytes;
int handshake_timeout;
bool use_dht_as_fallback;
bool free_torrent_hashes;
bool upnp_ignore_nonrouters;
int send_buffer_watermark;
bool auto_upload_slots;
bool auto_upload_slots_rate_based;
bool use_parole_mode;
int cache_size;
int cache_buffer_chunk_size;
int cache_expiry;
bool use_read_cache;
bool disk_io_no_buffer;
std::pair&lt;int, int&gt; outgoing_ports;
char peer_tos;
int active_downloads;
int active_seeds;
int active_limit;
bool auto_manage_prefer_seeds;
bool dont_count_slow_torrents;
int auto_manage_interval;
float share_ratio_limit;
float seed_time_ratio_limit;
int seed_time_limit;
bool close_redundant_connections;
int auto_scrape_interval;
int auto_scrape_min_interval;
int max_peerlist_size;
int min_announce_interval;
bool prioritize_partial_pieces;
int auto_manage_startup;
bool rate_limit_ip_overhead;
bool announce_to_all_trackers;
bool prefer_udp_trackers;
bool strict_super_seeding;
int seeding_piece_quota;
int max_sparse_regions;
bool lock_disk_cache;
int max_rejects;
int recv_socket_buffer_size;
int send_socket_buffer_size;
bool optimize_hashing_for_speed;
int file_checks_delay_per_block;
enum disk_cache_algo_t
{ lru, largest_contiguous };
disk_cache_algo_t disk_cache_algorithm;
int read_cache_line_size;
int write_cache_line_size;
int optimistic_disk_retry;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">user_agent</span></tt> this is the client identification to the tracker.
The recommended format of this string is:
&quot;ClientName/ClientVersion libtorrent/libtorrentVersion&quot;.
This name will not only be used when making HTTP requests, but also when
sending extended headers to peers that support that extension.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_completion_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds the tracker
connection will wait from when it sent the request until it considers the
tracker to have timed-out. Default value is 60 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_receive_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds to wait to receive
any data from the tracker. If no data is received for this number of
seconds, the tracker will be considered as having timed out. If a tracker
is down, this is the kind of timeout that will occur. The default value
is 20 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">stop_tracker_timeout</span></tt> is the time to wait for tracker responses when
shutting down the session object. This is given in seconds. Default is
10 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_maximum_response_length</span></tt> is the maximum number of bytes in a
tracker response. If a response size passes this number it will be rejected
and the connection will be closed. On gzipped responses this size is measured
on the uncompressed data. So, if you get 20 bytes of gzip response that'll
expand to 2 megs, it will be interrupted before the entire response has been
uncompressed (given your limit is lower than 2 megs). Default limit is
1 megabyte.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_timeout</span></tt> controls the number of seconds from a request is sent until
it times out if no piece response is returned.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_queue_time</span></tt> is the length of the request queue given in the number
of seconds it should take for the other end to send all the pieces. i.e. the
actual number of requests depends on the download rate and this number.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_allowed_in_request_queue</span></tt> is the number of outstanding block requests
a peer is allowed to queue up in the client. If a peer sends more requests
than this (before the first one has been handled) the last request will be
dropped. The higher this is, the faster upload speeds the client can get to a
single peer.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_out_request_queue</span></tt> is the maximum number of outstanding requests to
send to a peer. This limit takes precedence over <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request_queue_time</span></tt>. i.e.
no matter the download speed, the number of outstanding requests will never
exceed this limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">whole_pieces_threshold</span></tt> is a limit in seconds. if a whole piece can be
downloaded in at least this number of seconds from a specific peer, the
peer_connection will prefer requesting whole pieces at a time from this peer.
The benefit of this is to better utilize disk caches by doing localized
accesses and also to make it easier to identify bad peers if a piece fails
the hash check.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_timeout</span></tt> is the number of seconds the peer connection should
wait (for any activity on the peer connection) before closing it due
to time out. This defaults to 120 seconds, since that's what's specified
in the protocol specification. After half the time out, a keep alive message
is sent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urlseed_timeout</span></tt> is the same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_timeout</span></tt> but applies only to
url seeds. This value defaults to 20 seconds.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urlseed_pipeline_size</span></tt> controls the pipelining with the web server. When
using persistent connections to HTTP 1.1 servers, the client is allowed to
send more requests before the first response is received. This number controls
the number of outstanding requests to use with url-seeds. Default is 5.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_pool_size</span></tt> is the the upper limit on the total number of files this
session will keep open. The reason why files are left open at all is that
some anti virus software hooks on every file close, and scans the file for
viruses. deferring the closing of the files will be the difference between
a usable system and a completely hogged down system. Most operating systems
also has a limit on the total number of file descriptors a process may have
open. It is usually a good idea to find this limit and set the number of
connections and the number of files limits so their sum is slightly below it.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allow_multiple_connections_per_ip</span></tt> determines if connections from the
same IP address as existing connections should be rejected or not. Multiple
connections from the same IP address is not allowed by default, to prevent
abusive behavior by peers. It may be useful to allow such connections in
cases where simulations are run on the same machie, and all peers in a
swarm has the same IP address.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_failcount</span></tt> is the maximum times we try to connect to a peer before
stop connecting again. If a peer succeeds, the failcounter is reset. If
a peer is retrieved from a peer source (other than DHT) the failcount is
decremented by one, allowing another try.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min_reconnect_time</span></tt> is the time to wait between connection attempts. If
the peer fails, the time is multiplied by fail counter.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_connect_timeout</span></tt> the number of seconds to wait after a connection
attempt is initiated to a peer until it is considered as having timed out.
The default is 10 seconds. This setting is especially important in case
the number of half-open connections are limited, since stale half-open
connection may delay the connection of other peers considerably.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ignore_limits_on_local_network</span></tt>, if set to true, upload, download and
unchoke limits are ignored for peers on the local network.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">connection_speed</span></tt> is the number of connection attempts that
are made per second. If a number &lt;= 0 is specified, it will default to
200 connections per second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_redundant_have</span></tt> controls if have messages will be sent
to peers that already have the piece. This is typically not necessary,
but it might be necessary for collecting statistics in some cases.
Default is false.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lazy_bitfields</span></tt> prevents outgoing bitfields from being full. If the
client is seed, a few bits will be set to 0, and later filled in with
have-messages. This is to prevent certain ISPs from stopping people
from seeding.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inactivity_timeout</span></tt>, if a peer is uninteresting and uninterested
for longer than this number of seconds, it will be disconnected.
Default is 10 minutes</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unchoke_interval</span></tt> is the number of seconds between chokes/unchokes.
On this interval, peers are re-evaluated for being choked/unchoked. This
is defined as 30 seconds in the protocol, and it should be significantly
longer than what it takes for TCP to ramp up to it's max rate.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimistic_unchoke_interval</span></tt> is the number of seconds between
each <em>optimistic</em> unchoke. On this timer, the currently optimistically
unchoked peer will change.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_ip</span></tt> is the ip address passed along to trackers as the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&amp;ip=</span></tt> parameter.
If left as the default (default constructed), that parameter is ommited.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_want</span></tt> is the number of peers we want from each tracker request. It defines
what is sent as the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&amp;num_want=</span></tt> parameter to the tracker.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">initial_picker_threshold</span></tt> specifies the number of pieces we need before we
switch to rarest first picking. This defaults to 4, which means the 4 first
pieces in any torrent are picked at random, the following pieces are picked
in rarest first order.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allowed_fast_set_size</span></tt> is the number of pieces we allow peers to download
from us without being unchoked.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_queued_disk_bytes</span></tt> is the number maximum number of bytes, to be
written to disk, that can wait in the disk I/O thread queue. This queue
is only for waiting for the disk I/O thread to receive the job and either
write it to disk or insert it in the write cache. When this limit is reached,
the peer connections will stop reading data from their sockets, until the disk
thread catches up. Setting this too low will severly limit your download rate.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handshake_timeout</span></tt> specifies the number of seconds we allow a peer to
delay responding to a protocol handshake. If no response is received within
this time, the connection is closed.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_dht_as_fallback</span></tt> determines how the DHT is used. If this is true
(which it is by default), the DHT will only be used for torrents where
all trackers in its tracker list has failed. Either by an explicit error
message or a time out.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">free_torrent_hashes</span></tt> determines whether or not the torrent's piece hashes
are kept in memory after the torrent becomes a seed or not. If it is set to
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> the hashes are freed once the torrent is a seed (they're not
needed anymore since the torrent won't download anything more). If it's set
to false they are not freed. If they are freed, the <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-info">torrent_info</a> returned
by get_torrent_info() will return an object that may be incomplete, that
cannot be passed back to <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a> for instance.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upnp_ignore_nonrouters</span></tt> indicates whether or not the UPnP implementation
should ignore any broadcast response from a device whose address is not the
configured router for this machine. i.e. it's a way to not talk to other
people's routers by mistake.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_buffer_waterbark</span></tt> is the upper limit of the send buffer low-watermark.
if the send buffer has fewer bytes than this, we'll read another 16kB block
onto it. If set too small, upload rate capacity will suffer. If set too high,
memory will be wasted. The actual watermark may be lower than this in case
the upload rate is low, this is the upper limit.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_upload_slots</span></tt> defaults to true. When true, if there is a global upload
limit set and the current upload rate is less than 90% of that, another upload
slot is opened. If the upload rate has been saturated for an extended period
of time, on upload slot is closed. The number of upload slots will never be
less than what has been set by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::set_max_uploads()</span></tt>. To query the
current number of upload slots, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_status::allowed_upload_slots</span></tt>.</p>
<p>When <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_upload_slots_rate_based</span></tt> is set, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_upload_slots</span></tt> is set,
the max upload slots setting is ignored and decided completely automatically.
This algorithm is designed to prevent the peer from spreading its upload
capacity too thin.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_parole_mode</span></tt> specifies if parole mode should be used. Parole mode means
that peers that participate in pieces that fail the hash check are put in a mode
where they are only allowed to download whole pieces. If the whole piece a peer
in parole mode fails the hash check, it is banned. If a peer participates in a
piece that passes the hash check, it is taken out of parole mode.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cache_size</span></tt> is the disk write and read cache. It is specified in units of
16 KiB blocks. It defaults to 1024 (= 16 MB). Buffers that are part of a peer's
send or receive buffer also count against this limit. Send and receive buffers
will never be denied to be allocated, but they will cause the actual cached blocks
to be flushed or evicted.</p>
<p>Disk buffers are allocated using a pool allocator, the number of blocks that
are allocated at a time when the pool needs to grow can be specified in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cache_buffer_chunk_size</span></tt>. This defaults to 16 blocks. Lower numbers
saves memory at the expense of more heap allocations. It must be at least 1.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cache_expiry</span></tt> is the number of seconds from the last cached write to a piece
in the write cache, to when it's forcefully flushed to disk. Default is 60 second.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_read_cache</span></tt>, is set to true (default), the disk cache is also used to
cache pieces read from disk. Blocks for writing pieces takes presedence.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">disk_io_no_buffer</span></tt> defaults to true. When set to true, files are preferred
to be opened in unbuffered mode. This helps the operating system from growing
its file cache indefinitely. Currently only files whose offset in the torrent
is page aligned are opened in unbuffered mode. A page is typically 4096 bytes
and since blocks in bittorrent are 16kB, any file that is aligned to a block
or piece will get the benefit of be opened in unbuffered mode. It is therefore
recommended to make the largest file in a torrent the first file (with offset 0)
or use pad files to align all files to piece boundries.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">outgoing_ports</span></tt>, if set to something other than (0, 0) is a range of ports
used to bind outgoing sockets to. This may be useful for users whose router
allows them to assign QoS classes to traffic based on its local port. It is
a range instead of a single port because of the problems with failing to reconnect
to peers if a previous socket to that peer and port is in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TIME_WAIT</span></tt> state.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_tos</span></tt> determines the TOS byte set in the IP header of every packet
sent to peers (including web seeds). The default value for this is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0x0</span></tt>
(no marking). One potentially useful TOS mark is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0x20</span></tt>, this represents
the <em>QBone scavenger service</em>. For more details, see <a class="reference external" href="http://qbone.internet2.edu/qbss/">QBSS</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> controls how many active seeding and
downloading torrents the queuing mechanism allows. The target number of active
torrents is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min(active_downloads</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">active_seeds,</span> <span class="pre">active_limit)</span></tt>.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> are upper limits on the number of
downloading torrents and seeding torrents respectively. Setting the value to
-1 means unlimited.</p>
<p>For example if there are 10 seeding torrents and 10 downloading torrents, and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt> is 4 and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> is 4, there will be 4 seeds
active and 4 downloading torrents. If the settings are <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt> = 2
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> = 4, then there will be 2 downloading torrents and 4 seeding
torrents active. Torrents that are not auto managed are also counted against these
limits. If there are non-auto managed torrents that use up all the slots, no
auto managed torrent will be activated.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_manage_prefer_seeds</span></tt> specifies if libtorrent should prefer giving seeds
active slots or downloading torrents. The default is <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></tt>.</p>
<p>if <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dont_count_slow_torrents</span></tt> is true, torrents without any payload transfers are
not subject to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt> limits. This is intended
to make it more likely to utilize all available bandwidth, and avoid having torrents
that don't transfer anything block the active slots.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_limit</span></tt> is a hard limit on the number of active torrents. This applies even to
slow torrents.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_manage_interval</span></tt> is the number of seconds between the torrent queue
is updated, and rotated.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">share_ratio_limit</span></tt> is the upload / download ratio limit for considering a
seeding torrent have met the seed limit criteria. See <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_time_ratio_limit</span></tt> is the seeding time / downloading time ratio limit
for considering a seeding torrent to have met the seed limit criteria. See <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_time_limit</span></tt> is the limit on the time a torrent has been an active seed
(specified in seconds) before it is considered having met the seed limit criteria.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#queuing">queuing</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">close_redundant_connections</span></tt> specifies whether libtorrent should close
connections where both ends have no utility in keeping the connection open.
For instance if both ends have completed their downloads, there's no point
in keeping it open. This defaults to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_scrape_interval</span></tt> is the number of seconds between scrapes of
queued torrents (auto managed and paused torrents). Auto managed
torrents that are paused, are scraped regularly in order to keep
track of their downloader/seed ratio. This ratio is used to determine
which torrents to seed and which to pause.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_scrape_min_interval</span></tt> is the minimum number of seconds between any
automatic scrape (regardless of torrent). In case there are a large number
of paused auto managed torrents, this puts a limit on how often a scrape
request is sent.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_peerlist_size</span></tt> is the maximum number of peers in the list of
known peers. These peers are not necessarily connected, so this number
should be much greater than the maximum number of connected peers.
Peers are evicted from the cache when the list grows passed 90% of
this limit, and once the size hits the limit, peers are no longer
added to the list. If this limit is set to 0, there is no limit on
how many peers we'll keep in the peer list.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_paused_peerlist_size</span></tt> is the max peer list size used for torrents
that are paused. This default to the same as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_peerlist_size</span></tt>, but
can be used to save memory for paused torrents, since it's not as
important for them to keep a large peer list.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">min_announce_interval</span></tt> is the minimum allowed announce interval
for a tracker. This is specified in seconds, defaults to 5 minutes and
is used as a sanity check on what is returned from a tracker. It
mitigates hammering misconfigured trackers.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prioritize_partial_pieces</span></tt> is true, partial pieces are picked
before pieces that are more rare. If false, rare pieces are always
prioritized, unless the number of partial pieces is growing out of
proportion.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_manage_startup</span></tt> is the number of seconds a torrent is considered
active after it was started, regardless of upload and download speed. This
is so that newly started torrents are not considered inactive until they
have a fair chance to start downloading.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rate_limit_ip_overhead</span></tt> is set to true, the estimated TCP/IP overhead is
drained from the rate limiters, to avoid exceeding the limits with the total traffic</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">announce_to_all_trackers</span></tt> controls how multi tracker torrents are
treated. If this is set to true, all trackers in the same tier are
announced to in parallel. If all trackers in tier 0 fails, all trackers
in tier 1 are announced as well. This is the uTorrent behavior. If it's
set to false, the behavior is as defined by the multi tracker
specification. It defaults to false, which is the same behavior previous
versions of libtorrent has had as well.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prefer_udp_trackers</span></tt> is true by default. It means that trackers may
be rearranged in a way that udp trackers are always tried before http
trackers for the same hostname. Setting this to fails means that the
trackers' tier is respected and there's no preference of one protocol
over another.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">strict_super_seeding</span></tt> when this is set to true, a piece has to
have been forwarded to a third peer before another one is handed out.
This is the traditional definition of super seeding.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding_piece_quota</span></tt> is the number of pieces to send to a peer,
when seeding, before rotating in another peer to the unchoke set.
It defaults to 3 pieces, which means that when seeding, any peer we've
sent more than this number of pieces to will be unchoked in favour of
a choked peer.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_sparse_regions</span></tt> is a limit of the number of <em>sparse regions</em> in
a torrent. A sparse region is defined as a hole of pieces we have not
yet downloaded, in between pieces that have been downloaded. This is
used as a hack for windows vista which has a bug where you cannot
write files with more than a certain number of sparse regions. This
limit is not hard, it will be exceeded. Once it's exceeded, pieces
that will maintain or decrease the number of sparse regions are
prioritized. To disable this functionality, set this to 0. It defaults
to 0 on all platforms except windows.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">lock_disk_cache</span></tt> if lock disk cache is set to true the disk cache
that's in use, will be locked in physical memory, preventing it from
being swapped out.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_rejects</span></tt> is the number of piece requests we will reject in a row
while a peer is choked before the peer is considered abusive and is
disconnected.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">recv_socket_buffer_size</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">send_socket_buffer_size</span></tt> specifies
the buffer sizes set on peer sockets. 0 (which is the default) means
the OS default (i.e. don't change the buffer sizes). The socket buffer
sizes are changed using setsockopt() with SOL_SOCKET/SO_RCVBUF and
SO_SNDBUFFER.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimize_hashing_for_speed</span></tt> chooses between two ways of reading back
piece data from disk when its complete and needs to be verified against
the piece hash. This happens if some blocks were flushed to the disk
out of order. Everything that is flushed in order is hashed as it goes
along. Optimizing for speed will allocate space to fit all the the
remaingin, unhashed, part of the piece, reads the data into it in a single
call and hashes it. This is the default. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimizing_hashing_for_speed</span></tt>
is false, a single block will be allocated (16 kB), and the unhashed parts
of the piece are read, one at a time, and hashed in this single block. This
is appropriate on systems that are memory constrained.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_checks_delay_per_block</span></tt> is the number of milliseconds to sleep
in between disk read operations when checking torrents. This defaults
to 0, but can be set to higher numbers to slow down the rate at which
data is read from the disk while checking. This may be useful for
background tasks that doesn't matter if they take a bit longer, as long
as they leave disk I/O time for other processes.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">disk_cache_algorithm</span></tt> tells the disk I/O thread which cache flush
algorithm to use. The default (and original) algorithm is LRU. This
flushes the entire piece, in the write cache, that was least recently
written to. This is specified by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::lru</span></tt> enum
value. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_settings::largest_contiguous</span></tt> will flush the largest
sequences of contiguous blocks from the write cache, regarless of the
piece's last use time.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">read_cache_line_size</span></tt> is the number of blocks to read into the read
cache when a read cache miss occurs. Setting this to 0 is essentially
the same thing as disabling read cache. The number of blocks read
into the read cache is always capped by the piece boundry.</p>
<p>When a piece in the write cache has <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">write_cache_line_size</span></tt> contiguous
blocks in it, they will be flushed. Setting this to 1 effectively
disables the write cache.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimistic_disk_retry</span></tt> is the number of seconds from a disk write
errors occur on a torrent until libtorrent will take it out of the
upload mode, to test if the error condition has been fixed.</p>
<p>libtorrent will only do this automatically for auto managed torrents.</p>
<p>You can explicitly take a torrent out of upload only mode using
<a class="reference internal" href="#set-upload-mode">set_upload_mode()</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="pe-settings">
<h1>pe_settings</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pe_settings</span></tt> structure is used to control the settings related
to peer protocol encryption:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct pe_settings
{
pe_settings();
enum enc_policy
{
forced,
enabled,
disabled
};
enum enc_level
{
plaintext,
rc4,
both
};
enc_policy out_enc_policy;
enc_policy in_enc_policy;
enc_level allowed_enc_level;
bool prefer_rc4;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">in_enc_policy</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">out_enc_policy</span></tt> control the settings for incoming
and outgoing connections respectively. The settings for these are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">forced</span></tt> - Only encrypted connections are allowed. Incoming connections
that are not encrypted are closed and if the encrypted outgoing connection
fails, a non-encrypted retry will not be made.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">enabled</span></tt> - encrypted connections are enabled, but non-encrypted
connections are allowed. An incoming non-encrypted connection will
be accepted, and if an outgoing encrypted connection fails, a non-
encrypted connection will be tried.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">disabled</span></tt> - only non-encrypted connections are allowed.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allowed_enc_level</span></tt> determines the encryption level of the
connections. This setting will adjust which encryption scheme is
offered to the other peer, as well as which encryption scheme is
selected by the client. The settings are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">plaintext</span></tt> - only the handshake is encrypted, the bulk of the traffic
remains unchanged.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rc4</span></tt> - the entire stream is encrypted with RC4</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">both</span></tt> - both RC4 and plaintext connections are allowed.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prefer_rc4</span></tt> can be set to true if you want to prefer the RC4 encrypted stream.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="proxy-settings">
<h1>proxy_settings</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">proxy_settings</span></tt> structs contains the information needed to
direct certain traffic to a proxy.</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct proxy_settings
{
proxy_settings();
std::string hostname;
int port;
std::string username;
std::string password;
enum proxy_type
{
none,
socks4,
socks5,
socks5_pw,
http,
http_pw
};
proxy_type type;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">hostname</span></tt> is the name or IP of the proxy server. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">port</span></tt> is the
port number the proxy listens to. If required, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">username</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">password</span></tt>
can be set to authenticate with the proxy.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></tt> tells libtorrent what kind of proxy server it is. The following
options are available:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">none</span></tt> - This is the default, no proxy server is used, all other fields
are ignored.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks4</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a <a class="reference external" href="http://www.ufasoft.com/doc/socks4_protocol.htm">SOCKS4 server</a> that
requires a username.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks5</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a SOCKS5 server (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1928.html">RFC 1928</a>) that
does not require any authentication. The username and password are ignored.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socks5_pw</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be a SOCKS5 server that supports
plain text username and password authentication (<a class="reference external" href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1929.html">RFC 1929</a>). The username
and password specified may be sent to the proxy if it requires.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be an HTTP proxy. If the transport used
for the connection is non-HTTP, the server is assumed to support the
<a class="reference external" href="draft-luotonen-web-proxy-tunneling-01.txt">CONNECT</a> method. i.e. for web seeds and HTTP trackers, a plain proxy will
suffice. The proxy is assumed to not require authorization. The username
and password will not be used.</li>
<li><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http_pw</span></tt> - The server is assumed to be an HTTP proxy that requires
user authorization. The username and password will be sent to the proxy.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="ip-filter">
<h1>ip_filter</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter</span></tt> class is a set of rules that uniquely categorizes all
ip addresses as allowed or disallowed. The default constructor creates
a single rule that allows all addresses (0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255 for
the IPv4 range, and the equivalent range covering all addresses for the
IPv6 range).</p>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;class Addr&gt;
struct ip_range
{
Addr first;
Addr last;
int flags;
};
class ip_filter
{
public:
enum access_flags { blocked = 1 };
ip_filter();
void add_rule(address first, address last, int flags);
int access(address const&amp; addr) const;
typedef boost::tuple&lt;std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v4&gt; &gt;
, std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v6&gt; &gt; &gt; filter_tuple_t;
filter_tuple_t export_filter() const;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<div class="section" id="id10">
<h2>ip_filter()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
ip_filter()
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Creates a default filter that doesn't filter any address.</p>
<p>postcondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">access(x)</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">0</span></tt> for every <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-rule">
<h2>add_rule()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void add_rule(address first, address last, int flags);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Adds a rule to the filter. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last</span></tt> defines a range of
ip addresses that will be marked with the given flags. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt>
can currently be 0, which means allowed, or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter::blocked</span></tt>, which
means disallowed.</p>
<p>precondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first.is_v4()</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">last.is_v4()</span> <span class="pre">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="pre">first.is_v6()</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">last.is_v6()</span></tt></p>
<p>postcondition:
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">access(x)</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">flags</span></tt> for every <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">x</span></tt> in the range [<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">first</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">last</span></tt>]</p>
<p>This means that in a case of overlapping ranges, the last one applied takes
precedence.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="access">
<h2>access()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int access(address const&amp; addr) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns the access permissions for the given address (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">addr</span></tt>). The permission
can currently be 0 or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_filter::blocked</span></tt>. The complexity of this operation
is O(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">log</span></tt> n), where n is the minimum number of non-overlapping ranges to describe
the current filter.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="export-filter">
<h2>export_filter()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::tuple&lt;std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v4&gt; &gt;
, std::vector&lt;ip_range&lt;address_v6&gt; &gt; &gt; export_filter() const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function will return the current state of the filter in the minimum number of
ranges possible. They are sorted from ranges in low addresses to high addresses. Each
entry in the returned vector is a range with the access control specified in its
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></tt> field.</p>
<p>The return value is a tuple containing two range-lists. One for IPv4 addresses
and one for IPv6 addresses.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="big-number">
<h1>big_number</h1>
<p>Both the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_id</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sha1_hash</span></tt> types are typedefs of the class
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">big_number</span></tt>. It represents 20 bytes of data. Its synopsis follows:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class big_number
{
public:
bool operator==(const big_number&amp; n) const;
bool operator!=(const big_number&amp; n) const;
bool operator&lt;(const big_number&amp; n) const;
const unsigned char* begin() const;
const unsigned char* end() const;
unsigned char* begin();
unsigned char* end();
};
</pre>
<p>The iterators gives you access to individual bytes.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="bitfield">
<h1>bitfield</h1>
<p>The bitfiled type stores any number of bits as a bitfield in an array.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class bitfield
{
bitfield();
bitfield(int bits);
bitfield(int bits, bool val);
bitfield(char const* bytes, int bits);
bitfield(bitfield const&amp; rhs);
void borrow_bytes(char* bytes, int bits);
~bitfield();
void assign(char const* bytes, int bits);
bool operator[](int index) const;
bool get_bit(int index) const;
void clear_bit(int index);
void set_bit(int index);
std::size_t size() const;
bool empty() const;
char const* bytes() const;
bitfield&amp; operator=(bitfield const&amp; rhs);
int count() const;
typedef const_iterator;
const_iterator begin() const;
const_iterator end() const;
void resize(int bits, bool val);
void set_all();
void clear_all();
void resize(int bits);
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="hasher">
<h1>hasher</h1>
<p>This class creates sha1-hashes. Its declaration looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class hasher
{
public:
hasher();
hasher(char const* data, unsigned int len);
void update(char const* data, unsigned int len);
sha1_hash final();
void reset();
};
</pre>
<p>You use it by first instantiating it, then call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">update()</span></tt> to feed it
with data. i.e. you don't have to keep the entire buffer of which you want to
create the hash in memory. You can feed the hasher parts of it at a time. When
You have fed the hasher with all the data, you call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">final()</span></tt> and it
will return the sha1-hash of the data.</p>
<p>The constructor that takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">const*</span></tt> and an integer will construct the
sha1 context and feed it the data passed in.</p>
<p>If you want to reuse the hasher object once you have created a hash, you have to
call <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reset()</span></tt> to reinitialize it.</p>
<p>The sha1-algorithm used was implemented by Steve Reid and released as public domain.
For more info, see <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">src/sha1.cpp</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fingerprint">
<h1>fingerprint</h1>
<p>The fingerprint class represents information about a client and its version. It is used
to encode this information into the client's peer id.</p>
<p>This is the class declaration:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct fingerprint
{
fingerprint(const char* id_string, int major, int minor
, int revision, int tag);
std::string to_string() const;
char name[2];
char major_version;
char minor_version;
char revision_version;
char tag_version;
};
</pre>
<p>The constructor takes a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">const*</span></tt> that should point to a string constant containing
exactly two characters. These are the characters that should be unique for your client. Make
sure not to clash with anybody else. Here are some taken id's:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">id chars</th>
<th class="head">client</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>'AZ'</td>
<td>Azureus</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'LT'</td>
<td>libtorrent (default)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'BX'</td>
<td>BittorrentX</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'MT'</td>
<td>Moonlight Torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'TS'</td>
<td>Torrent Storm</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'SS'</td>
<td>Swarm Scope</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>'XT'</td>
<td>Xan Torrent</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>There's currently an informal directory of client id's <a class="reference external" href="http://wiki.theory.org/BitTorrentSpecification#peer_id">here</a>.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">major</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">minor</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">revision</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tag</span></tt> parameters are used to identify the
version of your client. All these numbers must be within the range [0, 9].</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">to_string()</span></tt> will generate the actual string put in the peer-id, and return it.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="upnp-and-nat-pmp">
<h1>UPnP and NAT-PMP</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upnp</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">natpmp</span></tt> classes contains the state for all UPnP and NAT-PMP mappings,
by default 1 or two mappings are made by libtorrent, one for the listen port and one
for the DHT port (UDP).</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class upnp
{
public:
enum protocol_type { none = 0, udp = 1, tcp = 2 };
int add_mapping(protocol_type p, int external_port, int local_port);
void delete_mapping(int mapping_index);
void discover_device();
void close();
std::string router_model();
};
class natpmp
{
public:
enum protocol_type { none = 0, udp = 1, tcp = 2 };
int add_mapping(protocol_type p, int external_port, int local_port);
void delete_mapping(int mapping_index);
void close();
void rebind(address const&amp; listen_interface);
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">discover_device()</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">close()</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rebind()</span></tt> are for internal uses and should
not be called directly by clients.</p>
<div class="section" id="add-mapping">
<h2>add_mapping</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int add_mapping(protocol_type p, int external_port, int local_port);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Attempts to add a port mapping for the specified protocol. Valid protocols are
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upnp::tcp</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upnp::udp</span></tt> for the UPnP class and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">natpmp::tcp</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">natpmp::udp</span></tt> for the NAT-PMP class.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">external_port</span></tt> is the port on the external address that will be mapped. This
is a hint, you are not guaranteed that this port will be available, and it may
end up being something else. In the <a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-alert">portmap_alert</a> notification, the actual
external port is reported.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">local_port</span></tt> is the port in the local machine that the mapping should forward
to.</p>
<p>The return value is an index that identifies this port mapping. This is used
to refer to mappings that fails or succeeds in the <a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-error-alert">portmap_error_alert</a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#portmap-alert">portmap_alert</a> respectively. If The mapping fails immediately, the return value
is -1, which means failure. There will not be any error alert notification for
mappings that fail with a -1 return value.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="delete-mapping">
<h2>delete_mapping</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
void delete_mapping(int mapping_index);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function removes a port mapping. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mapping_index</span></tt> is the index that refers
to the mapping you want to remove, which was returned from <a class="reference internal" href="#add-mapping">add_mapping</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="router-model">
<h2>router_model()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string router_model();
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This is only available for UPnP routers. If the model is advertized by
the router, it can be queried through this function.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="free-functions">
<h1>free functions</h1>
<div class="section" id="identify-client">
<h2>identify_client()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string identify_client(peer_id const&amp; id);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is declared in the header <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/identify_client.hpp&gt;</span></tt>. It can can be used
to extract a string describing a client version from its peer-id. It will recognize most clients
that have this kind of identification in the peer-id.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="client-fingerprint">
<h2>client_fingerprint()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::optional&lt;fingerprint&gt; client_fingerprint(peer_id const&amp; p);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Returns an optional fingerprint if any can be identified from the peer id. This can be used
to automate the identification of clients. It will not be able to identify peers with non-
standard encodings. Only Azureus style, Shadow's style and Mainline style. This function is
declared in the header <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/identify_client.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="bdecode-bencode">
<h2>bdecode() bencode()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
template&lt;class InIt&gt; entry bdecode(InIt start, InIt end);
template&lt;class OutIt&gt; void bencode(OutIt out, const entry&amp; e);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions will encode data to <a class="reference external" href="http://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification">bencoded</a> or decode <a class="reference external" href="http://wiki.theory.org/index.php/BitTorrentSpecification">bencoded</a> data.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#entry">entry</a> class is the internal representation of the bencoded data
and it can be used to retrieve information, an <a class="reference internal" href="#entry">entry</a> can also be build by
the program and given to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bencode()</span></tt> to encode it into the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OutIt</span></tt>
iterator.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OutIt</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">InIt</span></tt> are iterators
(<a class="reference external" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">OutputIterator</a> respectively). They
are templates and are usually instantiated as <a class="reference external" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ostream_iterator.html">ostream_iterator</a>,
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/back_insert_iterator.html">back_insert_iterator</a> or <a class="reference external" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/istream_iterator.html">istream_iterator</a>. These
functions will assume that the iterator refers to a character
(<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">char</span></tt>). So, if you want to encode entry <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">e</span></tt> into a buffer
in memory, you can do it like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;char&gt; buffer;
bencode(std::back_inserter(buf), e);
</pre>
<p>If you want to decode a torrent file from a buffer in memory, you can do it like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::vector&lt;char&gt; buffer;
// ...
entry e = bdecode(buf.begin(), buf.end());
</pre>
<p>Or, if you have a raw char buffer:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
const char* buf;
// ...
entry e = bdecode(buf, buf + data_size);
</pre>
<p>Now we just need to know how to retrieve information from the <a class="reference internal" href="#entry">entry</a>.</p>
<p>If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bdecode()</span></tt> encounters invalid encoded data in the range given to it
it will throw <a class="reference internal" href="#libtorrent-exception">libtorrent_exception</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="add-magnet-uri">
<h2>add_magnet_uri()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
torrent_handle add_magnet_uri(session&amp; ses, std::string const&amp; uri
add_torrent_params p);
torrent_handle add_magnet_uri(session&amp; ses, std::string const&amp; uri
add_torrent_params p, error_code&amp; ec);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function parses the magnet URI (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uri</span></tt>) as a bittorrent magnet link,
and adds the torrent to the specified session (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ses</span></tt>). It returns the
handle to the newly added torrent, or an invalid handle in case parsing
failed. To control some initial settings of the torrent, sepcify those in
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent_params</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">p</span></tt>. See <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>.</p>
<p>The overload that does not take an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> throws an exception on
error and is not available when building without exception support.</p>
<p>For more information about magnet links, see <a class="reference internal" href="#magnet-links">magnet links</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="make-magnet-uri">
<h2>make_magnet_uri()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string make_magnet_uri(torrent_handle const&amp; handle);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Generates a magnet URI from the specified torrent. If the torrent
handle is invalid, an empty string is returned.</p>
<p>For more information about magnet links, see <a class="reference internal" href="#magnet-links">magnet links</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="alerts">
<h1>alerts</h1>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> function on session is the interface for retrieving
alerts, warnings, messages and errors from libtorrent. If no alerts have
been posted by libtorrent <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pop_alert()</span></tt> will return a default initialized
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_ptr</span></tt> object. If there is an alert in libtorrent's queue, the alert
from the front of the queue is popped and returned.
You can then use the alert object and query</p>
<p>By default, only errors are reported. <a class="reference internal" href="#set-alert-mask">set_alert_mask()</a> can be
used to specify which kinds of events should be reported. The alert mask
is a bitmask with the following bits:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="32%" />
<col width="68%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_notification</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">Enables alerts that report an error. This includes:</p>
<ul class="last simple">
<li>tracker errors</li>
<li>tracker warnings</li>
<li>file errors</li>
<li>resume data failures</li>
<li>web seed errors</li>
<li>.torrent files errors</li>
<li>listen socket errors</li>
<li>port mapping errors</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Enables alerts when peers send invalid requests, get banned or
snubbed.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">port_mapping_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Enables alerts for port mapping events. For NAT-PMP and UPnP.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Enables alerts for events related to the storage. File errors and
synchronization events for moving the storage, renaming files etc.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tracker_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Enables all tracker events. Includes announcing to trackers,
receiving responses, warnings and errors.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">debug_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Low level alerts for when peers are connected and disconnected.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Enables alerts for when a torrent or the session changes state.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">progress_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Alerts for when blocks are requested and completed. Also when
pieces are completed.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip_block_notification</span></tt></td>
<td>Alerts when a peer is blocked by the ip blocker or port blocker.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">performance_warning</span></tt></td>
<td>Alerts when some limit is reached that might limit the download
or upload rate.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">all_categories</span></tt></td>
<td>The full bitmask, representing all available categories.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Every alert belongs to one or more category. There is a small cost involved in posting alerts. Only
alerts that belong to an enabled category are posted. Setting the alert bitmask to 0 will disable
all alerts</p>
<p>When you get an alert, you can use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">typeid()</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dynamic_cast&lt;&gt;</span></tt> to get more detailed
information on exactly which type it is. i.e. what kind of error it is. You can also use a
<a class="reference internal" href="#dispatcher">dispatcher</a> mechanism that's available in libtorrent.</p>
<p>All alert types are defined in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert_types.hpp&gt;</span></tt> header file.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">alert</span></tt> class is the base class that specific messages are derived from. This
is its synopsis:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
class alert
{
public:
enum category_t
{
error_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
peer_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
port_mapping_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
storage_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
tracker_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
debug_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
status_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
progress_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
ip_block_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
performance_warning = <em>implementation defined</em>,
dht_notification = <em>implementation defined</em>,
all_categories = <em>implementation defined</em>
};
ptime timestamp() const;
virtual ~alert();
virtual std::string message() const = 0;
virtual char const* what() const = 0;
virtual int category() const = 0;
virtual std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; clone() const = 0;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">what()</span></tt> returns a string literal describing the type of the alert. It does
not include any information that might be bundled with the alert.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">category()</span></tt> returns a bitmask specifying which categories this alert belong to.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">clone()</span></tt> returns a pointer to a copy of the alert.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">message()</span></tt> generate a string describing the alert and the information bundled
with it. This is mainly intended for debug and development use. It is not suitable
to use this for applications that may be localized. Instead, handle each alert
type individually and extract and render the information from the alert depending
on the locale.</p>
<p>There's another alert base class that most alerts derives from, all the
alerts that are generated for a specific torrent are derived from:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_alert: alert
{
// ...
torrent_handle handle;
};
</pre>
<p>There's also a base class for all alerts referring to tracker events:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
std::string url;
};
</pre>
<p>The specific alerts are:</p>
<div class="section" id="read-piece-alert">
<h2>read_piece_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is posted when the asynchronous read operation initiated by
a call to <a class="reference internal" href="#read-piece">read_piece()</a> is completed. If the read failed, the torrent
is paused and an error state is set and the buffer member of the alert
is 0. If successful, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">buffer</span></tt> points to a buffer containing all the data
of the piece. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is the piece index that was read. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">size</span></tt> is the
number of bytes that was read.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct read_piece_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
boost::shared_ptr&lt;char&gt; buffer;
int piece;
int size;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="external-ip-alert">
<h2>external_ip_alert</h2>
<p>Whenever libtorrent learns about the machines external IP, this alert is
generated. The external IP address can be acquired from the tracker (if it
supports that) or from peers that supports the extension protocol.
The address can be accessed through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">external_address</span></tt> member.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct external_ip_alert: alert
{
// ...
address external_address;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="listen-failed-alert">
<h2>listen_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when none of the ports, given in the port range, to
<a class="reference internal" href="#session">session</a> can be opened for listening. This alert doesn't have any extra
data members.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="portmap-error-alert">
<h2>portmap_error_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a NAT router was successfully found but some
part of the port mapping request failed. It contains a text message that
may help the user figure out what is wrong. This alert is not generated in
case it appears the client is not running on a NAT:ed network or if it
appears there is no NAT router that can be remote controlled to add port
mappings.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mapping</span></tt> refers to the mapping index of the port map that failed, i.e.
the index returned from <a class="reference internal" href="#add-mapping">add_mapping</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></tt> is 0 for NAT-PMP and 1 for UPnP.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> tells you what failed.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct portmap_error_alert: alert
{
// ...
int mapping;
int type;
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="portmap-alert">
<h2>portmap_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a NAT router was successfully found and
a port was successfully mapped on it. On a NAT:ed network with a NAT-PMP
capable router, this is typically generated once when mapping the TCP
port and, if DHT is enabled, when the UDP port is mapped.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mapping</span></tt> refers to the mapping index of the port map that failed, i.e.
the index returned from <a class="reference internal" href="#add-mapping">add_mapping</a>.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">external_port</span></tt> is the external port allocated for the mapping.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></tt> is 0 for NAT-PMP and 1 for UPnP.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct portmap_alert: alert
{
// ...
int mapping;
int external_port;
int type;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="portmap-log-alert">
<h2>portmap_log_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated to log informational events related to either
UPnP or NAT-PMP. They contain a log line and the type (0 = NAT-PMP
and 1 = UPnP). Displaying these messages to an end user is only useful
for debugging the UPnP or NAT-PMP implementation.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct portmap_log_alert: alert
{
//...
int type;
std::string msg;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-error-alert">
<h2>file_error_alert</h2>
<p>If the storage fails to read or write files that it needs access to, this alert is
generated and the torrent is paused.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></tt> is the path to the file that was accessed when the error occurred.</p>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> is the error code describing the error.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_error_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
std::string file;
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-renamed-alert">
<h2>file_renamed_alert</h2>
<p>This is posted as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::rename_file</span></tt> call, if the rename
operation succeeds.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_renamed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
std::string name;
int index;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt> member refers to the index of the file that was renamed,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></tt> is the new name of the file.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-rename-failed-alert">
<h2>file_rename_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This is posted as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::rename_file</span></tt> call, if the rename
operation failed.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct file_rename_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
int index;
error_code error;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index</span></tt> member refers to the index of the file that was supposed to be renamed,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> is the error code returned from the filesystem.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="tracker-announce-alert">
<h2>tracker_announce_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated each time a tracker announce is sent (or attempted to be sent).
There are no extra data members in this alert. The url can be found in the base class
however.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_announce_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
int event;
};
</pre>
<p>Event specifies what event was sent to the tracker. It is defined as:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="0">
<li>None</li>
<li>Completed</li>
<li>Started</li>
<li>Stopped</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="section" id="tracker-error-alert">
<h2>tracker_error_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated on tracker time outs, premature disconnects, invalid response or
a HTTP response other than &quot;200 OK&quot;. From the alert you can get the handle to the torrent
the tracker belongs to.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">times_in_row</span></tt> member says how many times in a row this tracker has failed.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">status_code</span></tt> is the code returned from the HTTP server. 401 means the tracker needs
authentication, 404 means not found etc. If the tracker timed out, the code will be set
to 0.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_error_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
int times_in_row;
int status_code;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="tracker-reply-alert">
<h2>tracker_reply_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is only for informational purpose. It is generated when a tracker announce
succeeds. It is generated regardless what kind of tracker was used, be it UDP, HTTP or
the DHT.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_reply_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
int num_peers;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt> tells how many peers were returned from the tracker. This is
not necessarily all new peers, some of them may already be connected.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dht-reply-alert">
<h2>dht_reply_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated each time the DHT receives peers from a node. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_peers</span></tt>
is the number of peers we received in this packet. Typically these packets are
received from multiple DHT nodes, and so the alerts are typically generated
a few at a time.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_reply_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
int num_peers;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="tracker-warning-alert">
<h2>tracker_warning_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is triggered if the tracker reply contains a warning field. Usually this
means that the tracker announce was successful, but the tracker has a message to
the client. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">msg</span></tt> string in the alert contains the warning message from
the tracker.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct tracker_warning_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
std::string msg;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="scrape-reply-alert">
<h2>scrape_reply_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a scrape request succeeds. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">incomplete</span></tt>
and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">complete</span></tt> is the data returned in the scrape response. These numbers
may be -1 if the reponse was malformed.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct scrape_reply_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
int incomplete;
int complete;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="scrape-failed-alert">
<h2>scrape_failed_alert</h2>
<p>If a scrape request fails, this alert is generated. This might be due
to the tracker timing out, refusing connection or returning an http response
code indicating an error. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">msg</span></tt> contains a message describing the error.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct scrape_failed_alert: tracker_alert
{
// ...
std::string msg;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="url-seed-alert">
<h2>url_seed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a HTTP seed name lookup fails.</p>
<p>It contains <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url</span></tt> to the HTTP seed that failed along with an error message.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct url_seed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
std::string url;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="hash-failed-alert">
<h2>hash_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a finished piece fails its hash check. You can get the handle
to the torrent which got the failed piece and the index of the piece itself from the alert.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct hash_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-alert">
<h2>peer_alert</h2>
<p>The peer alert is a base class for alerts that refer to a specific peer. It includes all
the information to identify the peer. i.e. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer-id</span></tt>.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
tcp::endpoint ip;
peer_id pid;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-ban-alert">
<h2>peer_ban_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is banned because it has sent too many corrupt pieces
to us. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> is the endpoint to the peer that was banned.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_ban_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-snubbed-alert">
<h2>peer_snubbed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is snubbed, when it stops sending data when we request
it.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_snubbed_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-unsnubbed-alert">
<h2>peer_unsnubbed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is unsnubbed. Essentially when it was snubbed for stalling
sending data, and now it started sending data again.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_unsnubbed_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-error-alert">
<h2>peer_error_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer sends invalid data over the peer-peer protocol. The peer
will be disconnected, but you get its ip address from the alert, to identify it.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> tells you what error caused this alert.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_error_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-connected-alert">
<h2>peer_connected_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is connected.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_connected_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-disconnected-alert">
<h2>peer_disconnected_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is disconnected for any reason (other than the ones
covered by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_error_alert</span></tt>).</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> tells you what error caused peer to disconnect.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_disconnected_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="invalid-request-alert">
<h2>invalid_request_alert</h2>
<p>This is a debug alert that is generated by an incoming invalid piece request.
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ìp</span></tt> is the address of the peer and the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request</span></tt> is the actual incoming
request from the peer.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct invalid_request_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
peer_request request;
};
struct peer_request
{
int piece;
int start;
int length;
bool operator==(peer_request const&amp; r) const;
};
</pre>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peer_request</span></tt> contains the values the client sent in its <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request</span></tt> message. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt> is
the index of the piece it want data from, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start</span></tt> is the offset within the piece where the data
should be read, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">length</span></tt> is the amount of data it wants.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="request-dropped-alert">
<h2>request_dropped_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer rejects or ignores a piece request.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct request_dropped_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
int block_index;
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="block-timeout-alert">
<h2>block_timeout_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a block request times out.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct block_timeout_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
int block_index;
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="block-finished-alert">
<h2>block_finished_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a block request receives a response.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct block_finished_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
int block_index;
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="block-downloading-alert">
<h2>block_downloading_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a block request is sent to a peer.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct block_downloading_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
int block_index;
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="unwanted-block-alert">
<h2>unwanted_block_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a block is received that was not requested or
whose request timed out.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct unwanted_block_alert: peer_alert
{
// ...
int block_index;
int piece_index;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-delete-failed-alert">
<h2>torrent_delete_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a request to delete the files of a torrent fails.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> tells you why it failed.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct torrent_delete_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-finished-alert">
<h2>torrent_finished_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a torrent switches from being a downloader to a seed.
It will only be generated once per torrent. It contains a torrent_handle to the
torrent in question.</p>
<p>There are no additional data members in this alert.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="performance-alert">
<h2>performance_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a limit is reached that might have a negative impact on
upload or download rate performance.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct performance_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
enum performance_warning_t
{
outstanding_disk_buffer_limit_reached,
outstanding_request_limit_reached,
upload_limit_too_low,
download_limit_too_low
};
performance_warning_t warning_code;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="state-changed-alert">
<h2>state_changed_alert</h2>
<p>Generated whenever a torrent changes its state.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct state_changed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
torrent_status::state_t state;
torrent_status::state_t prev_state;
};
</pre>
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">state</span></tt> is the new state of the torrent. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">prev_state</span></tt> is the previous state.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="metadata-failed-alert">
<h2>metadata_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when the metadata has been completely received and the info-hash
failed to match it. i.e. the metadata that was received was corrupt. libtorrent will
automatically retry to fetch it in this case. This is only relevant when running a
torrent-less download, with the metadata extension provided by libtorrent.</p>
<p>There are no additional data members in this alert.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="metadata-received-alert">
<h2>metadata_received_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when the metadata has been completely received and the torrent
can start downloading. It is not generated on torrents that are started with metadata, but
only those that needs to download it from peers (when utilizing the libtorrent extension).</p>
<p>There are no additional data members in this alert.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fastresume-rejected-alert">
<h2>fastresume_rejected_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a fastresume file has been passed to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">add_torrent</span></tt> but the
files on disk did not match the fastresume file. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> explains the reason why the
resume file was rejected.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct fastresume_rejected_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="peer-blocked-alert">
<h2>peer_blocked_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a peer is blocked by the IP filter. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt> member is the
address that was blocked.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct peer_blocked_alert: alert
{
// ...
address ip;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storage-moved-alert">
<h2>storage_moved_alert</h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_alert</span></tt> is generated when all the disk IO has completed and the
files have been moved, as an effect of a call to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::move_storage</span></tt>. This
is useful to synchronize with the actual disk. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">path</span></tt> member is the new path of
the storage.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct storage_moved_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
std::string path;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storage-moved-failed-alert">
<h2>storage_moved_failed_alert</h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">storage_moved_failed_alert</span></tt> is generated when an attempt to move the storage
(via torrent_handle::move_storage()) fails.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct storage_moved_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-paused-alert">
<h2>torrent_paused_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::pause</span></tt> request. It is
generated once all disk IO is complete and the files in the torrent have been closed.
This is useful for synchronizing with the disk.</p>
<p>There are no additional data members in this alert.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="torrent-resumed-alert">
<h2>torrent_resumed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::resume</span></tt> request. It is
generated when a torrent goes from a paused state to an active state.</p>
<p>There are no additional data members in this alert.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="save-resume-data-alert">
<h2>save_resume_data_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated as a response to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_handle::save_resume_data</span></tt> request.
It is generated once the disk IO thread is done writing the state for this torrent.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">resume_data</span></tt> member points to the resume data.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct save_resume_data_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
boost::shared_ptr&lt;entry&gt; resume_data;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="save-resume-data-failed-alert">
<h2>save_resume_data_failed_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated instead of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">save_resume_data_alert</span></tt> if there was an error
generating the resume data. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> describes what went wrong.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct save_resume_data_failed_alert: torrent_alert
{
// ...
error_code error;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dht-announce-alert">
<h2>dht_announce_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a DHT node announces to an info-hash on our DHT node. It belongs
to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_notification</span></tt> category.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_announce_alert: alert
{
// ...
address ip;
int port;
sha1_hash info_hash;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dht-get-peers-alert">
<h2>dht_get_peers_alert</h2>
<p>This alert is generated when a DHT node sends a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_peers</span></tt> message to our DHT node.
It belongs to the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dht_notification</span></tt> category.</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct dht_get_peers_alert: alert
{
// ...
sha1_hash info_hash;
};
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section" id="dispatcher">
<h2>dispatcher</h2>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">handle_alert</span></tt> class is defined in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Examples usage:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct my_handler
{
void operator()(portmap_error_alert const&amp; a)
{
std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Portmapper: &quot; &lt;&lt; a.msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
void operator()(tracker_warning_alert const&amp; a)
{
std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Tracker warning: &quot; &lt;&lt; a.msg &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
void operator()(torrent_finished_alert const&amp; a)
{
// write fast resume data
// ...
std::cout &lt;&lt; a.handle.get_torrent_info().name() &lt;&lt; &quot;completed&quot;
&lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
};
</pre>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::auto_ptr&lt;alert&gt; a;
a = ses.pop_alert();
my_handler h;
while (a.get())
{
handle_alert&lt;portmap_error_alert
, tracker_warning_alert
, torrent_finished_alert
&gt;::handle_alert(h, a);
a = ses.pop_alert();
}
</pre>
<p>In this example 3 alert types are used. You can use any number of template
parameters to select between more types. If the number of types are more than
15, you can define <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">TORRENT_MAX_ALERT_TYPES</span></tt> to a greater number before
including <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&lt;libtorrent/alert.hpp&gt;</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="exceptions">
<h1>exceptions</h1>
<p>Many functions in libtorrent have two versions, one that throws exceptions on
errors and one that takes an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> reference which is filled with the
error code on errors.</p>
<p>There is one exception class that is used for errors in libtorrent, it is based
on boost.system's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> class to carry the error code.</p>
<div class="section" id="libtorrent-exception">
<h2>libtorrent_exception</h2>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct libtorrent_exception: std::exception
{
libtorrent_exception(error_code const&amp; s);
virtual const char* what() const throw();
virtual ~libtorrent_exception() throw() {}
boost::system::error_code error() const;
};
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="error-code">
<h1>error_code</h1>
<p>libtorrent uses boost.system's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> class to represent errors. libtorrent has
its own error category (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::libtorrent_category</span></tt>) whith the following error
codes:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="5%" />
<col width="37%" />
<col width="58%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">code</th>
<th class="head">symbol</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>0</td>
<td>no_error</td>
<td>Not an error</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>1</td>
<td>file_collision</td>
<td>Two torrents has files which end up overwriting each other</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>2</td>
<td>failed_hash_check</td>
<td>A piece did not match its piece hash</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>3</td>
<td>torrent_is_no_dict</td>
<td>The .torrent file does not contain a bencoded dictionary at
its top level</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>4</td>
<td>torrent_missing_info</td>
<td>The .torrent file does not have an <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt> dictionary</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>5</td>
<td>torrent_info_no_dict</td>
<td>The .torrent file's <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></tt> entry is not a dictionary</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>6</td>
<td>torrent_missing_piece_length</td>
<td>The .torrent file does not have a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span> <span class="pre">length</span></tt> entry</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>7</td>
<td>torrent_missing_name</td>
<td>The .torrent file does not have a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></tt> entry</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>8</td>
<td>torrent_invalid_name</td>
<td>The .torrent file's name entry is invalid</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>9</td>
<td>torrent_invalid_length</td>
<td>The length of a file, or of the whole .torrent file is invalid.
Either negative or not an integer</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>10</td>
<td>torrent_file_parse_failed</td>
<td>Failed to parse a file entry in the .torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>11</td>
<td>torrent_missing_pieces</td>
<td>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> field is missing or invalid in the .torrent file</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>12</td>
<td>torrent_invalid_hashes</td>
<td>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt> string has incorrect length</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>13</td>
<td>too_many_pieces_in_torrent</td>
<td>The .torrent file has more pieces than is supported by libtorrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>14</td>
<td>invalid_swarm_metadata</td>
<td>The metadata (.torrent file) that was received from the swarm
matched the info-hash, but failed to be parsed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>15</td>
<td>invalid_bencoding</td>
<td>The file or buffer is not correctly bencoded</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>16</td>
<td>no_files_in_torrent</td>
<td>The .torrent file does not contain any files</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>17</td>
<td>invalid_escaped_string</td>
<td>The string was not properly url-encoded as expected</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>18</td>
<td>session_is_closing</td>
<td>Operation is not permitted since the session is shutting down</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>19</td>
<td>duplicate_torrent</td>
<td>There's already a torrent with that info-hash added to the
session</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>20</td>
<td>invalid_torrent_handle</td>
<td>The supplied torrent_handle is not referring to a valid torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>21</td>
<td>invalid_entry_type</td>
<td>The type requested from the entry did not match its type</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>22</td>
<td>missing_info_hash_in_uri</td>
<td>The specified URI does not contain a valid info-hash</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>23</td>
<td>file_too_short</td>
<td>One of the files in the torrent was unexpectadly small. This
might be caused by files being changed by an external process</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>24</td>
<td>unsupported_url_protocol</td>
<td>The URL used an unknown protocol. Currently <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">https</span></tt> (if built with openssl support) are recognized. For
trackers <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">udp</span></tt> is recognized as well.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>25</td>
<td>url_parse_error</td>
<td>The URL did not conform to URL syntax and failed to be parsed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>26</td>
<td>peer_sent_empty_piece</td>
<td>The peer sent a 'piece' message of length 0</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>27</td>
<td>parse_failed</td>
<td>A bencoded structure was currupt and failed to be parsed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>28</td>
<td>invalid_file_tag</td>
<td>The fast resume file was missing or had an invalid file version
tag</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>29</td>
<td>missing_info_hash</td>
<td>The fast resume file was missing or had an invalid info-hash</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>30</td>
<td>mismatching_info_hash</td>
<td>The info-hash in the resume file did not match the torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>31</td>
<td>invalid_hostname</td>
<td>The URL contained an invalid hostname</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>32</td>
<td>invalid_port</td>
<td>The URL had an invalid port</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>33</td>
<td>port_blocked</td>
<td>The port is blocked by the port-filter, and prevented the
connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>34</td>
<td>expected_close_bracket_in_address</td>
<td>The IPv6 address was expected to end with ']'</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>35</td>
<td>destructing_torrent</td>
<td>The torrent is being destructed, preventing the operation to
succeed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>36</td>
<td>timed_out</td>
<td>The connection timed out</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>37</td>
<td>upload_upload_connection</td>
<td>The peer is upload only, and we are upload only. There's no point
in keeping the connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>38</td>
<td>uninteresting_upload_peer</td>
<td>The peer is upload only, and we're not interested in it. There's
no point in keeping the connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>39</td>
<td>invalid_info_hash</td>
<td>The peer sent an unknown info-hash</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>40</td>
<td>torrent_paused</td>
<td>The torrent is paused, preventing the operation from succeeding</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>41</td>
<td>invalid_have</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid have message, either wrong size or
referring to a piece that doesn't exist in the torrent</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>42</td>
<td>invalid_bitfield_size</td>
<td>The bitfield message had the incorrect size</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>43</td>
<td>too_many_requests_when_choked</td>
<td>The peer kept requesting pieces after it was choked, possible
abuse attempt.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>44</td>
<td>invalid_piece</td>
<td>The peer sent a piece message that does not correspond to a
piece request sent by the client</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>45</td>
<td>no_memory</td>
<td>memory allocation failed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>46</td>
<td>torrent_aborted</td>
<td>The torrent is aborted, preventing the operation to succeed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>47</td>
<td>self_connection</td>
<td>The peer is a connection to ourself, no point in keeping it</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>48</td>
<td>invalid_piece_size</td>
<td>The peer sent a piece message with invalid size, either negative
or greater than one block</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>49</td>
<td>timed_out_no_interest</td>
<td>The peer has not been interesting or interested in us for too
long, no point in keeping it around</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>50</td>
<td>timed_out_inactivity</td>
<td>The peer has not said anything in a long time, possibly dead</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>51</td>
<td>timed_out_no_handshake</td>
<td>The peer did not send a handshake within a reasonable amount of
time, it might not be a bittorrent peer</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>52</td>
<td>timed_out_no_request</td>
<td>The peer has been unchoked for too long without requesting any
data. It might be lying about its interest in us</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>53</td>
<td>invalid_choke</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid choke message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>54</td>
<td>invalid_unchoke</td>
<td>The peer send an invalid unchoke message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>55</td>
<td>invalid_interested</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid interested message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>56</td>
<td>invalid_not_interested</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid not-interested message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>57</td>
<td>invalid_request</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid piece request message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>58</td>
<td>invalid_hash_list</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid hash-list message (this is part of the
merkle-torrent extension)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>59</td>
<td>invalid_hash_piece</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid hash-piece message (this is part of the
merkle-torrent extension)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>60</td>
<td>invalid_cancel</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid cancel message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>61</td>
<td>invalid_dht_port</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid DHT port-message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>62</td>
<td>invalid_suggest</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid suggest piece-message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>63</td>
<td>invalid_have_all</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid have all-message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>64</td>
<td>invalid_have_none</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid have none-message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>65</td>
<td>invalid_reject</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid reject message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>66</td>
<td>invalid_allow_fast</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid allow fast-message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>67</td>
<td>invalid_extended</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid extesion message ID</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>68</td>
<td>invalid_message</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid message ID</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>69</td>
<td>sync_hash_not_found</td>
<td>The synchronization hash was not found in the encrypted handshake</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>70</td>
<td>invalid_encryption_constant</td>
<td>The encryption constant in the handshake is invalid</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>71</td>
<td>no_plaintext_mode</td>
<td>The peer does not support plaintext, which is the selected mode</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>72</td>
<td>no_rc4_mode</td>
<td>The peer does not support rc4, which is the selected mode</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>73</td>
<td>unsupported_encryption_mode</td>
<td>The peer does not support any of the encryption modes that the
client supports</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>74</td>
<td>unsupported_encryption_mode_selected</td>
<td>The peer selected an encryption mode that the client did not
advertise and does not support</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>75</td>
<td>invalid_pad_size</td>
<td>The pad size used in the encryption handshake is of invalid size</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>76</td>
<td>invalid_encrypt_handshake</td>
<td>The encryption handshake is invalid</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>77</td>
<td>no_incoming_encrypted</td>
<td>The client is set to not support incoming encrypted connections
and this is an encrypted connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>78</td>
<td>no_incoming_regular</td>
<td>The client is set to not support incoming regular bittorrent
connections, and this is a regular connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>79</td>
<td>duplicate_peer_id</td>
<td>The client is already connected to this peer-ID</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>80</td>
<td>torrent_removed</td>
<td>Torrent was removed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>81</td>
<td>packet_too_large</td>
<td>The packet size exceeded the upper sanity check-limit</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>82</td>
<td>http_parse_error</td>
<td>Failed to parse HTTP response</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>83</td>
<td>http_error</td>
<td>The web server responded with an error</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>84</td>
<td>missing_location</td>
<td>The web server response is missing a location header</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>85</td>
<td>invalid_redirection</td>
<td>The web seed redirected to a path that no longer matches the
.torrent directory structure</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>86</td>
<td>redirecting</td>
<td>The connection was closed becaused it redirected to a different
URL</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>87</td>
<td>invalid_range</td>
<td>The HTTP range header is invalid</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>88</td>
<td>no_content_length</td>
<td>The HTTP response did not have a content length</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>89</td>
<td>banned_by_ip_filter</td>
<td>The IP is blocked by the IP filter</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>90</td>
<td>too_many_connections</td>
<td>At the connection limit</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>91</td>
<td>peer_banned</td>
<td>The peer is marked as banned</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>92</td>
<td>stopping_torrent</td>
<td>The torrent is stopping, causing the operation to fail</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>93</td>
<td>too_many_corrupt_pieces</td>
<td>The peer has sent too many corrupt pieces and is banned</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>94</td>
<td>torrent_not_ready</td>
<td>The torrent is not ready to receive peers</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>95</td>
<td>peer_not_constructed</td>
<td>The peer is not completely constructed yet</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>96</td>
<td>session_closing</td>
<td>The session is closing, causing the operation to fail</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>97</td>
<td>optimistic_disconnect</td>
<td>The peer was disconnected in order to leave room for a
potentially better peer</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>98</td>
<td>torrent_finished</td>
<td>The torrent is finished</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>99</td>
<td>no_router</td>
<td>No UPnP router found</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>100</td>
<td>metadata_too_large</td>
<td>The metadata message says the metadata exceeds the limit</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>101</td>
<td>invalid_metadata_request</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid metadata request message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>102</td>
<td>invalid_metadata_size</td>
<td>The peer advertised an invalid metadata size</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>103</td>
<td>invalid_metadata_offset</td>
<td>The peer sent a message with an invalid metadata offset</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>104</td>
<td>invalid_metadata_message</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid metadata message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>105</td>
<td>pex_message_too_large</td>
<td>The peer sent a peer exchange message that was too large</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>106</td>
<td>invalid_pex_message</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid peer exchange message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>107</td>
<td>invalid_lt_tracker_message</td>
<td>The peer sent an invalid tracker exchange message</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>108</td>
<td>unsupported_protocol_version</td>
<td>The NAT-PMP router responded with an unsupported protocol version</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>109</td>
<td>natpmp_not_authorized</td>
<td>You are not authorized to map ports on this NAT-PMP router</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>110</td>
<td>network_failure</td>
<td>The NAT-PMP router failed because of a network failure</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>111</td>
<td>no_resources</td>
<td>The NAT-PMP router failed because of lack of resources</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>112</td>
<td>unsupported_opcode</td>
<td>The NAT-PMP router failed because an unsupported opcode was sent</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The names of these error codes are declared in then <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::errors</span></tt> namespace.</p>
<p>There is also another error category, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::upnp_category</span></tt>, defining errors
retrned by UPnP routers. Here's a (possibly incomplete) list of UPnP error codes:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="6%" />
<col width="41%" />
<col width="53%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">code</th>
<th class="head">symbol</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>0</td>
<td>no_error</td>
<td>No error</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>402</td>
<td>invalid_argument</td>
<td>One of the arguments in the request is invalid</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>501</td>
<td>action_failed</td>
<td>The request failed</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>714</td>
<td>value_not_in_array</td>
<td>The specified value does not exist in the array</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>715</td>
<td>source_ip_cannot_be_wildcarded</td>
<td>The source IP address cannot be wild-carded, but
must be fully specified</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>716</td>
<td>external_port_cannot_be_wildcarded</td>
<td>The external port cannot be wildcarded, but must
be specified</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>718</td>
<td>port_mapping_conflict</td>
<td>The port mapping entry specified conflicts with a
mapping assigned previously to another client</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>724</td>
<td>internal_port_must_match_external</td>
<td>Internal and external port value must be the same</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>725</td>
<td>only_permanent_leases_supported</td>
<td>The NAT implementation only supports permanent
lease times on port mappings</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>726</td>
<td>remote_host_must_be_wildcard</td>
<td>RemoteHost must be a wildcard and cannot be a
specific IP addres or DNS name</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>727</td>
<td>external_port_must_be_wildcard</td>
<td>ExternalPort must be a wildcard and cannot be a
specific port</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The UPnP errors are declared in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::upnp_errors</span></tt> namespace.</p>
<div class="section" id="translating-error-codes">
<h2>translating error codes</h2>
<p>The error_code::message() function will typically return a localized error string,
for system errors. That is, errors that belong to the generic or system category.</p>
<p>Errors that belong to the libtorrent error category are not localized however, they
are only available in english. In order to translate libtorrent errors, compare the
error category of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code</span></tt> object against <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">libtorrent::libtorrent_category</span></tt>,
and if matches, you know the error code refers to the list above. You can provide
your own mapping from error code to string, which is localized. In this case, you
cannot rely on <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error_code::message()</span></tt> to generate your strings.</p>
<p>The numeric values of the errors are part of the API and will stay the same, although
new error codes may be appended at the end.</p>
<p>Here's a simple example of how to translate error codes:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
std::string error_code_to_string(boost::system::error_code const&amp; ec)
{
if (ec.category() != libtorrent::libtorrent_category)
{
return ec.message();
}
// the error is a libtorrent error
int code = ec.value();
static const char const* swedish[] =
{
&quot;inget fel&quot;,
&quot;en fil i torrenten kolliderar med en fil från en annan torrent&quot;,
&quot;hash check misslyckades&quot;,
&quot;torrent filen är inte en dictionary&quot;,
&quot;'info'-nyckeln saknas eller är korrupt i torrentfilen&quot;,
&quot;'info'-fältet är inte en dictionary&quot;,
&quot;'piece length' fältet saknas eller är korrupt i torrentfilen&quot;,
&quot;torrentfilen saknar namnfältet&quot;,
&quot;ogiltigt namn i torrentfilen (kan vara en attack)&quot;,
// ... more strings here
};
// use the default error string in case we don't have it
// in our translated list
if (code &lt; 0 || code &gt;= sizeof(swedish)/sizeof(swedish[0]))
return ec.message();
return swedish[code];
}
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storage-interface">
<h1>storage_interface</h1>
<p>The storage interface is a pure virtual class that can be implemented to
customize how and where data for a torrent is stored. The default storage
implementation uses regular files in the filesystem, mapping the files in the
torrent in the way one would assume a torrent is saved to disk. Implementing
your own storage interface makes it possible to store all data in RAM, or in
some optimized order on disk (the order the pieces are received for instance),
or saving multifile torrents in a single file in order to be able to take
advantage of optimized disk-I/O.</p>
<p>It is also possible to write a thin class that uses the default storage but
modifies some particular behavior, for instance encrypting the data before
it's written to disk, and decrypting it when it's read again.</p>
<p>The storage interface is based on slots, each slot is 'piece_size' number
of bytes. All access is done by writing and reading whole or partial
slots. One slot is one piece in the torrent, but the data in the slot
does not necessarily correspond to the piece with the same index (in
compact allocation mode it won't).</p>
<p>The interface looks like this:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct storage_interface
{
virtual bool initialize(bool allocate_files) = 0;
virtual bool has_any_file() = 0;
virtual int readv(file::iovec_t const* bufs, int slot, int offset, int num_bufs) = 0;
virtual int writev(file::iovec_t const* bufs, int slot, int offset, int num_bufs) = 0;
virtual int sparse_end(int start) const;
virtual bool move_storage(fs::path save_path) = 0;
virtual bool verify_resume_data(lazy_entry const&amp; rd, std::string&amp; error) = 0;
virtual bool write_resume_data(entry&amp; rd) const = 0;
virtual bool move_slot(int src_slot, int dst_slot) = 0;
virtual bool swap_slots(int slot1, int slot2) = 0;
virtual bool swap_slots3(int slot1, int slot2, int slot3) = 0;
virtual bool rename_file(int file, std::string const&amp; new_name) = 0;
virtual bool release_files() = 0;
virtual bool delete_files() = 0;
virtual ~storage_interface() {}
// non virtual functions
disk_buffer_pool* disk_pool();
void set_error(boost::filesystem::path const&amp; file, error_code const&amp; ec) const;
error_code const&amp; error() const;
std::string const&amp; error_file() const;
void clear_error();
};
</pre>
<div class="section" id="initialize">
<h2>initialize()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool initialize(bool allocate_files) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is called when the storage is to be initialized. The default storage
will create directories and empty files at this point. If <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocate_files</span></tt> is true,
it will also <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftruncate</span></tt> all files to their target size.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="has-any-file">
<h2>has_any_file()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
virtual bool has_any_file() = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is called when first checking (or re-checking) the storage for a torrent.
It should return true if any of the files that is used in this storage exists on disk.
If so, the storage will be checked for existing pieces before starting the download.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="readv-writev">
<h2>readv() writev()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int readv(file::iovec_t const* buf, int slot, int offset, int num_bufs) = 0;
int write(const char* buf, int slot, int offset, int size) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>These functions should read or write the data in or to the given <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot</span></tt> at the given <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt>.
It should read or write <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_bufs</span></tt> buffers sequentially, where the size of each buffer
is specified in the buffer array <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bufs</span></tt>. The <a class="reference external" href="file::iovec_t">file::iovec_t</a> type has the following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct iovec_t
{
void* iov_base;
size_t iov_len;
};
</pre>
<p>The return value is the number of bytes actually read or written, or -1 on failure. If
it returns -1, the error code is expected to be set to</p>
<p>Every buffer in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bufs</span></tt> can be assumed to be page aligned and be of a page aligned size,
except for the last buffer of the torrent. The allocated buffer can be assumed to fit a
fully page aligned number of bytes though. This is useful when reading and writing the
last piece of a file in unbuffered mode.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">offset</span></tt> is aligned to 16 kiB boundries <em>most of the time</em>, but there are rare
exceptions when it's not. Specifically if the read cache is disabled/or full and a
client requests unaligned data, or the file itself is not aligned in the torrent.
Most clients request aligned data.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="sparse-end">
<h2>sparse_end()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
int sparse_end(int start) const;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function is optional. It is supposed to return the first piece, starting at
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">start</span></tt> that is fully contained within a data-region on disk (i.e. non-sparse
region). The purpose of this is to skip parts of files that can be known to contain
zeros when checking files.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id12">
<h2>move_storage()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool move_storage(fs::path save_path) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should move all the files belonging to the storage to the new save_path.
The default storage moves the single file or the directory of the torrent.</p>
<p>Before moving the files, any open file handles may have to be closed, like
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">release_files()</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="verify-resume-data">
<h2>verify_resume_data()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool verify_resume_data(lazy_entry const&amp; rd, std::string&amp; error) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should verify the resume data <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rd</span></tt> with the files
on disk. If the resume data seems to be up-to-date, return true. If
not, set <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">error</span></tt> to a description of what mismatched and return false.</p>
<p>The default storage may compare file sizes and time stamps of the files.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="write-resume-data">
<h2>write_resume_data()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool write_resume_data(entry&amp; rd) const = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should fill in resume data, the current state of the
storage, in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">rd</span></tt>. The default storage adds file timestamps and
sizes.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="move-slot">
<h2>move_slot()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool move_slot(int src_slot, int dst_slot) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should copy or move the data in slot <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">src_slot</span></tt> to
the slot <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dst_slot</span></tt>. This is only used in compact mode.</p>
<p>If the storage caches slots, this could be implemented more
efficient than reading and writing the data.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="swap-slots">
<h2>swap_slots()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool swap_slots(int slot1, int slot2) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should swap the data in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot2</span></tt>. The default
storage uses a scratch buffer to read the data into, then moving the other
slot and finally writing back the temporary slot's data</p>
<p>This is only used in compact mode.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="swap-slots3">
<h2>swap_slots3()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool swap_slots3(int slot1, int slot2, int slot3) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should do a 3-way swap, or shift of the slots. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt>
should move to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot2</span></tt>, which should be moved to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot3</span></tt> which in turn
should be moved to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slot1</span></tt>.</p>
<p>This is only used in compact mode.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id13">
<h2>rename_file()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool rename_file(int file, std::string const&amp; new_name) = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Rename file with index <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></tt> to the thame <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">new_name</span></tt>. If there is an error,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> should be returned.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="release-files">
<h2>release_files()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool release_files() = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should release all the file handles that it keeps open to files
belonging to this storage. The default implementation just calls
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_pool::release_files(this)</span></tt>.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="delete-files">
<h2>delete_files()</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre class="literal-block">
bool delete_files() = 0;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This function should delete all files and directories belonging to this storage.</p>
<p>Returning <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></tt> indicates an error occurred.</p>
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">disk_buffer_pool</span></tt> is used to allocate and free disk buffers. It has the
following members:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
struct disk_buffer_pool : boost::noncopyable
{
char* allocate_buffer(char const* category);
void free_buffer(char* buf);
char* allocate_buffers(int blocks, char const* category);
void free_buffers(char* buf, int blocks);
int block_size() const { return m_block_size; }
void release_memory();
};
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="magnet-links">
<h1>magnet links</h1>
<p>Magnet links are URIs that includes an info-hash, a display name and optionally
a tracker url. The idea behind magnet links is that an end user can click on a
link in a browser and have it handled by a bittorrent application, to start a
download, without any .torrent file.</p>
<p>The format of the magnet URI is:</p>
<p><strong>magnet:?xt=urn:btih:</strong> <em>Base32 encoded info-hash</em> [ <strong>&amp;dn=</strong> <em>name of download</em> ] [ <strong>&amp;tr=</strong> <em>tracker URL</em> ]*</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="queuing">
<h1>queuing</h1>
<p>libtorrent supports <em>queuing</em>. Which means it makes sure that a limited number of
torrents are being downloaded at any given time, and once a torrent is completely
downloaded, the next in line is started.</p>
<p>Torrents that are <em>auto managed</em> are subject to the queuing and the active torrents
limits. To make a torrent auto managed, set <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_managed</span></tt> to true when adding the
torrent (see <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>).</p>
<p>The limits of the number of downloading and seeding torrents are controlled via
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_seeds</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_limit</span></tt> in <a class="reference internal" href="#session-settings">session_settings</a>.
These limits takes non auto managed torrents into account as well. If there are
more non-auto managed torrents being downloaded than the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_downloads</span></tt>
setting, any auto managed torrents will be queued until torrents are removed so
that the number drops below the limit.</p>
<p>The default values are 8 active downloads and 5 active seeds.</p>
<p>At a regular interval, torrents are checked if there needs to be any re-ordering of
which torrents are active and which are queued. This interval can be controlled via
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_manage_interval</span></tt> in <a class="reference internal" href="#session-settings">session_settings</a>. It defaults to every 30 seconds.</p>
<p>For queuing to work, resume data needs to be saved and restored for all torrents.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data">save_resume_data()</a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="downloading">
<h2>downloading</h2>
<p>Torrents that are currently being downloaded or incomplete (with bytes still to download)
are queued. The torrents in the front of the queue are started to be actively downloaded
and the rest are ordered with regards to their queue position. Any newly added torrent
is placed at the end of the queue. Once a torrent is removed or turns into a seed, its
queue position is -1 and all torrents that used to be after it in the queue, decreases their
position in order to fill the gap.</p>
<p>The queue positions are always in a sequence without any gaps.</p>
<p>Lower queue position means closer to the front of the queue, and will be started sooner than
torrents with higher queue positions.</p>
<p>To query a torrent for its position in the queue, or change its position, see:
<a class="reference internal" href="#queue-position-queue-position-up-queue-position-down-queue-position-top-queue-position-bottom">queue_position() queue_position_up() queue_position_down() queue_position_top() queue_position_bottom()</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="seeding">
<h2>seeding</h2>
<p>Auto managed seeding torrents are rotated, so that all of them are allocated a fair
amount of seeding. Torrents with fewer completed <em>seed cycles</em> are prioritized for
seeding. A seed cycle is completed when a torrent meets either the share ratio limit
(uploaded bytes / downloaded bytes), the share time ratio (time seeding / time
downloaing) or seed time limit (time seeded).</p>
<p>The relevant settings to control these limits are <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">share_ratio_limit</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_time_ratio_limit</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_time_limit</span></tt> in <a class="reference internal" href="#session-settings">session_settings</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="fast-resume">
<h1>fast resume</h1>
<p>The fast resume mechanism is a way to remember which pieces are downloaded
and where they are put between sessions. You can generate fast resume data by
calling <a class="reference internal" href="#save-resume-data">save_resume_data()</a> on <a class="reference internal" href="#torrent-handle">torrent_handle</a>. You can
then save this data to disk and use it when resuming the torrent. libtorrent
will not check the piece hashes then, and rely on the information given in the
fast-resume data. The fast-resume data also contains information about which
blocks, in the unfinished pieces, were downloaded, so it will not have to
start from scratch on the partially downloaded pieces.</p>
<p>To use the fast-resume data you simply give it to <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>, and it
will skip the time consuming checks. It may have to do the checking anyway, if
the fast-resume data is corrupt or doesn't fit the storage for that torrent,
then it will not trust the fast-resume data and just do the checking.</p>
<div class="section" id="file-format">
<h2>file format</h2>
<p>The file format is a bencoded dictionary containing the following fields:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="30%" />
<col width="70%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file-format</span></tt></td>
<td>string: &quot;libtorrent resume file&quot;</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file-version</span></tt></td>
<td>integer: 1</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info-hash</span></tt></td>
<td>string, the info hash of the torrent this data is saved for.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">blocks</span> <span class="pre">per</span> <span class="pre">piece</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the number of blocks per piece. Must be: piece_size
/ (16 * 1024). Clamped to be within the range [1, 256]. It
is the number of blocks per (normal sized) piece. Usually
each block is 16 * 1024 bytes in size. But if piece size is
greater than 4 megabytes, the block size will increase.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pieces</span></tt></td>
<td>A string with piece flags, one character per piece.
Bit 1 means we have that piece.
Bit 2 means we have verified that this piece is correct.
This only applies when the torrent is in seed_mode.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">slots</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of integers. The list maps slots to piece indices. It
tells which piece is on which slot. If piece index is -2 it
means it is free, that there's no piece there. If it is -1,
means the slot isn't allocated on disk yet. The pieces have
to meet the following requirement:</p>
<p class="last">If there's a slot at the position of the piece index,
the piece must be located in that slot.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_uploaded</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The number of bytes that have been uploaded in
total for this torrent.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">total_downloaded</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The number of bytes that have been downloaded in
total for this torrent.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">active_time</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The number of seconds this torrent has been active.
i.e. not paused.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seeding_time</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The number of seconds this torrent has been active
and seeding.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_seeds</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. An estimate of the number of seeds on this torrent
when the resume data was saved. This is scrape data or based
on the peer list if scrape data is unavailable.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">num_downloaders</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. An estimate of the number of downloaders on this
torrent when the resume data was last saved. This is used as
an initial estimate until we acquire up-to-date scrape info.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">upload_rate_limit</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. In case this torrent has a per-torrent upload rate
limit, this is that limit. In bytes per second.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">download_rate_limit</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The download rate limit for this torrent in case
one is set, in bytes per second.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_connections</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The max number of peer connections this torrent
may have, if a limit is set.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">max_uploads</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. The max number of unchoked peers this torrent may
have, if a limit is set.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">seed_mode</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. 1 if the torrent is in seed mode, 0 otherwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_priority</span></tt></td>
<td>list of integers. One entry per file in the torrent. Each
entry is the priority of the file with the same index.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece_priority</span></tt></td>
<td>string of bytes. Each byte is interpreted as an integer and
is the priority of that piece.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">auto_managed</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. 1 if the torrent is auto managed, otherwise 0.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sequential_download</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. 1 if the torrent is in sequential download mode,
0 otherwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">paused</span></tt></td>
<td>integer. 1 if the torrent is paused, 0 otherwise.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">trackers</span></tt></td>
<td>list of lists of strings. The top level list lists all
tracker tiers. Each second level list is one tier of
trackers.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mapped_files</span></tt></td>
<td>list of strings. If any file in the torrent has been
renamed, this entry contains a list of all the filenames.
In the same order as in the torrent file.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">url-list</span></tt></td>
<td>list of strings. List of url-seed URLs used by this torrent.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">httpseeds</span></tt></td>
<td>list of strings. List of httpseed URLs used by this torrent.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">merkle</span> <span class="pre">tree</span></tt></td>
<td>string. In case this torrent is a merkle torrent, this is a
string containing the entire merkle tree, all nodes,
including the root and all leaves. The tree is not
necessarily complete, but complete enough to be able to send
any piece that we have, indicated by the have bitmask.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">peers</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of dictionaries. Each dictionary has the following
layout:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="18%" />
<col width="82%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ip</span></tt></td>
<td>string, the ip address of the peer. This is
not a binary representation of the ip
address, but the string representation. It
may be an IPv6 string or an IPv4 string.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">port</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the listen port of the peer</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="last">These are the local peers we were connected to when this
fast-resume data was saved.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unfinished</span></tt></td>
<td><p class="first">list of dictionaries. Each dictionary represents an
piece, and has the following layout:</p>
<table border="1" class="last docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="23%" />
<col width="77%" />
</colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">piece</span></tt></td>
<td>integer, the index of the piece this entry
refers to.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bitmask</span></tt></td>
<td>string, a binary bitmask representing the
blocks that have been downloaded in this
piece.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">adler32</span></tt></td>
<td>The adler32 checksum of the data in the
blocks specified by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">bitmask</span></tt>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span> <span class="pre">sizes</span></tt></td>
<td>list where each entry corresponds to a file in the file list
in the metadata. Each entry has a list of two values, the
first value is the size of the file in bytes, the second
is the time stamp when the last time someone wrote to it.
This information is used to compare with the files on disk.
All the files must match exactly this information in order
to consider the resume data as current. Otherwise a full
re-check is issued.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">allocation</span></tt></td>
<td>The allocation mode for the storage. Can be either <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">full</span></tt>
or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">compact</span></tt>. If this is full, the file sizes and
timestamps are disregarded. Pieces are assumed not to have
moved around even if the files have been modified after the
last resume data checkpoint.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="threads">
<h1>threads</h1>
<p>libtorrent starts 2 or 3 threads.</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>The first thread is the main thread that will sit
idle in a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">select()</span></tt> call most of the time. This thread runs the main loop
that will send and receive data on all connections.</li>
<li>The second thread is the disk I/O thread. All disk read and write operations
are passed to this thread and messages are passed back to the main thread when
the operation compeltes. The disk thread also verifies the piece hashes.</li>
<li>The third and forth threads are spawned by asio on systems that don't support
non-blocking host name resolution to simulate non-blocking getaddrinfo().</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storage-allocation">
<h1>storage allocation</h1>
<p>There are three modes in which storage (files on disk) are allocated in libtorrent.</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>The traditional <em>full allocation</em> mode, where the entire files are filled up with
zeros before anything is downloaded. libtorrent will look for sparse files support
in the filesystem that is used for storage, and use sparse files or file system
zero fill support if present. This means that on NTFS, full allocation mode will
only allocate storage for the downloaded pieces.</li>
<li>The <em>compact allocation</em> mode, where only files are allocated for actual
pieces that have been downloaded.</li>
<li>The <em>sparse allocation</em>, sparse files are used, and pieces are downloaded directly
to where they belong. This is the recommended (and default) mode.</li>
</ol>
<p>The allocation mode is selected when a torrent is started. It is passed as an
argument to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session::add_torrent()</span></tt> (see <a class="reference internal" href="#add-torrent">add_torrent()</a>).</p>
<p>The decision to use full allocation or compact allocation typically depends on whether
any files are filtered and if the filesystem supports sparse files.</p>
<div class="section" id="sparse-allocation">
<h2>sparse allocation</h2>
<p>On filesystems that supports sparse files, this allocation mode will only use
as much space as has been downloaded.</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>It does not require an allocation pass on startup.</li>
<li>It supports skipping files (setting prioirty to 0 to not download).</li>
<li>Fast resume data will remain valid even when file time stamps are out of date.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="full-allocation">
<h2>full allocation</h2>
<p>When a torrent is started in full allocation mode, the disk-io thread (see <a class="reference internal" href="#threads">threads</a>)
will make sure that the entire storage is allocated, and fill any gaps with zeros.
This will be skipped if the filesystem supports sparse files or automatic zero filling.
It will of course still check for existing pieces and fast resume data. The main
drawbacks of this mode are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>It may take longer to start the torrent, since it will need to fill the files
with zeros on some systems. This delay is linearly dependent on the size of
the download.</li>
<li>The download may occupy unnecessary disk space between download sessions. In case
sparse files are not supported.</li>
<li>Disk caches usually perform extremely poorly with random access to large files
and may slow down a download considerably.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The benefits of this mode are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Downloaded pieces are written directly to their final place in the files and the
total number of disk operations will be fewer and may also play nicer to
filesystems' file allocation, and reduce fragmentation.</li>
<li>No risk of a download failing because of a full disk during download. Unless
sparse files are being used.</li>
<li>The fast resume data will be more likely to be usable, regardless of crashes or
out of date data, since pieces won't move around.</li>
<li>Can be used with the filter files feature.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="compact-allocation">
<h2>compact allocation</h2>
<p>The compact allocation will only allocate as much storage as it needs to keep the
pieces downloaded so far. This means that pieces will be moved around to be placed
at their final position in the files while downloading (to make sure the completed
download has all its pieces in the correct place). So, the main drawbacks are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>More disk operations while downloading since pieces are moved around.</li>
<li>Potentially more fragmentation in the filesystem.</li>
<li>Cannot be used while filtering files.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The benefits though, are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>No startup delay, since the files doesn't need allocating.</li>
<li>The download will not use unnecessary disk space.</li>
<li>Disk caches perform much better than in full allocation and raises the download
speed limit imposed by the disk.</li>
<li>Works well on filesystems that doesn't support sparse files.</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>The algorithm that is used when allocating pieces and slots isn't very complicated.
For the interested, a description follows.</p>
<p>storing a piece:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>let <strong>A</strong> be a newly downloaded piece, with index <strong>n</strong>.</li>
<li>let <strong>s</strong> be the number of slots allocated in the file we're
downloading to. (the number of pieces it has room for).</li>
<li>if <strong>n</strong> &gt;= <strong>s</strong> then allocate a new slot and put the piece there.</li>
<li>if <strong>n</strong> &lt; <strong>s</strong> then allocate a new slot, move the data at
slot <strong>n</strong> to the new slot and put <strong>A</strong> in slot <strong>n</strong>.</li>
</ol>
<p>allocating a new slot:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>if there's an unassigned slot (a slot that doesn't
contain any piece), return that slot index.</li>
<li>append the new slot at the end of the file (or find an unused slot).</li>
<li>let <strong>i</strong> be the index of newly allocated slot</li>
<li>if we have downloaded piece index <strong>i</strong> already (to slot <strong>j</strong>) then<ol class="arabic">
<li>move the data at slot <strong>j</strong> to slot <strong>i</strong>.</li>
<li>return slot index <strong>j</strong> as the newly allocated free slot.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>return <strong>i</strong> as the newly allocated slot.</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="extensions">
<h1>extensions</h1>
<p>These extensions all operates within the <a class="reference external" href="extension_protocol.html">extension protocol</a>. The
name of the extension is the name used in the extension-list packets,
and the payload is the data in the extended message (not counting the
length-prefix, message-id nor extension-id).</p>
<p>Note that since this protocol relies on one of the reserved bits in the
handshake, it may be incompatible with future versions of the mainline
bittorrent client.</p>
<p>These are the extensions that are currently implemented.</p>
<div class="section" id="metadata-from-peers">
<h2>metadata from peers</h2>
<p>Extension name: &quot;LT_metadata&quot;</p>
<p>The point with this extension is that you don't have to distribute the
metadata (.torrent-file) separately. The metadata can be distributed
through the bittorrent swarm. The only thing you need to download such
a torrent is the tracker url and the info-hash of the torrent.</p>
<p>It works by assuming that the initial seeder has the metadata and that
the metadata will propagate through the network as more peers join.</p>
<p>There are three kinds of messages in the metadata extension. These packets
are put as payload to the extension message. The three packets are:</p>
<blockquote>
<ul class="simple">
<li>request metadata</li>
<li>metadata</li>
<li>don't have metadata</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>request metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>Determines the kind of message this is
0 means 'request metadata'</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>start</td>
<td>The start of the metadata block that
is requested. It is given in 256:ths
of the total size of the metadata,
since the requesting client don't know
the size of the metadata.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>size</td>
<td>The size of the metadata block that is
requested. This is also given in
256:ths of the total size of the
metadata. The size is given as size-1.
That means that if this field is set
0, the request wants one 256:th of the
metadata.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>1 means 'metadata'</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>int32_t</td>
<td>total_size</td>
<td>The total size of the metadata, given
in number of bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>int32_t</td>
<td>offset</td>
<td>The offset of where the metadata block
in this message belongs in the final
metadata. This is given in bytes.</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>uint8_t[]</td>
<td>metadata</td>
<td>The actual metadata block. The size of
this part is given implicit by the
length prefix in the bittorrent
protocol packet.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Don't have metadata:</p>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="17%" />
<col width="23%" />
<col width="61%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr><th class="head">size</th>
<th class="head">name</th>
<th class="head">description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><td>uint8_t</td>
<td>msg_type</td>
<td>2 means 'I don't have metadata'.
This message is sent as a reply to a
metadata request if the the client
doesn't have any metadata.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="section" id="http-seeding">
<h2>HTTP seeding</h2>
<p>There are two kinds of HTTP seeding. One with that assumes a smart
(and polite) client and one that assumes a smart server. These
are specified in <a class="reference external" href="http://bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0019.html">BEP 19</a> and <a class="reference external" href="http://bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0017.html">BEP 17</a> respectively.</p>
<p>libtorrent supports both. In the libtorrent source code and API,
BEP 19 urls are typically referred to as <em>url seeds</em> and BEP 17
urls are typically referred to as <em>HTTP seeds</em>.</p>
<p>The libtorrent implementation of <a class="reference external" href="http://bittorrent.org/beps/bep_0019.html">BEP 19</a> assumes that, if the URL ends with a slash
('/'), the filename should be appended to it in order to request pieces from
that file. The way this works is that if the torrent is a single-file torrent,
only that filename is appended. If the torrent is a multi-file torrent, the
torrent's name '/' the file name is appended. This is the same directory
structure that libtorrent will download torrents into.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="filename-checks">
<h1>filename checks</h1>
<p>Boost.Filesystem will by default check all its paths to make sure they conform
to filename requirements on many platforms. If you don't want this check, you can
set it to either only check for native filesystem requirements or turn it off
altogether. You can use:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
boost::filesystem::path::default_name_check(boost::filesystem::native);
</pre>
<p>for example. For more information, see the <a class="reference external" href="http://www.boost.org/libs/filesystem/doc/index.htm">Boost.Filesystem docs</a>.</p>
</div>
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