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438 lines
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HTML
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<title>Create Torrents</title>
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<li class="first"><a href="/">Home</a></li>
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<div id="orange"></div>
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<div id="logo"></div>
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</div>
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<div id="main">
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<h1 class="title">Create Torrents</h1>
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<table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="docinfo-name" />
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<col class="docinfo-content" />
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th>
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<td>Arvid Norberg, <a class="last reference external" href="mailto:arvid@rasterbar.com">arvid@rasterbar.com</a></td></tr>
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<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Version:</th>
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<td>1.0.0</td></tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div class="contents topic" id="table-of-contents">
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<p class="topic-title first">Table of contents</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-torrent" id="id22">create_torrent</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<p>This section describes the functions and classes that are used
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to create torrent files. It is a layered API with low level classes
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and higher level convenience functions. A torrent is created in 4
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steps:</p>
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<ol class="arabic simple">
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<li>first the files that will be part of the torrent are determined.</li>
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<li>the torrent properties are set, such as tracker url, web seeds,
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DHT nodes etc.</li>
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<li>Read through all the files in the torrent, SHA-1 all the data
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and set the piece hashes.</li>
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<li>The torrent is bencoded into a file or buffer.</li>
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</ol>
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<p>If there are a lot of files and or deep directoy hierarchies to
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traverse, step one can be time consuming.</p>
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<p>Typically step 3 is by far the most time consuming step, since it
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requires to read all the bytes from all the files in the torrent.</p>
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<p>All of these classes and functions are declared by including
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<tt class="docutils literal">libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp</tt>.</p>
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<p>example:</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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file_storage fs;
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// recursively adds files in directories
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add_files(fs, "./my_torrent");
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create_torrent t(fs);
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t.add_tracker("http://my.tracker.com/announce");
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t.set_creator("libtorrent example");
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// reads the files and calculates the hashes
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set_piece_hashes(t, ".");
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ofstream out("my_torrent.torrent", std::ios_base::binary);
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bencode(std::ostream_iterator<char>(out), t.generate());
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</pre>
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<a name="create_torrent"></a><div class="section" id="create-torrent">
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<h1>create_torrent</h1>
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<p>Declared in "<a class="reference external" href="../include/libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp">libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp</a>"</p>
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<p>This class holds state for creating a torrent. After having added
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all information to it, call <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#generate()">create_torrent::generate()</a> to generate
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the torrent. The <a class="reference external" href="reference-Bencoding.html#entry">entry</a> that's returned can then be bencoded into a
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.torrent file using <a class="reference external" href="reference-Bencoding.html#bencode()">bencode()</a>.</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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struct create_torrent
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{
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<strong>create_torrent</strong> (torrent_info const& ti);
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<strong>create_torrent</strong> (file_storage& fs, int piece_size = 0
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, int pad_file_limit = -1, int flags = optimize, int alignment = 0x4000);
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entry <strong>generate</strong> () const;
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file_storage const& <strong>files</strong> () const;
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void <strong>set_comment</strong> (char const* str);
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void <strong>set_creator</strong> (char const* str);
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void <strong>set_hash</strong> (int index, sha1_hash const& h);
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void <strong>set_file_hash</strong> (int index, sha1_hash const& h);
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void <strong>add_url_seed</strong> (std::string const& url);
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void <strong>add_http_seed</strong> (std::string const& url);
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void <strong>add_node</strong> (std::pair<std::string, int> const& node);
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void <strong>add_tracker</strong> (std::string const& url, int tier = 0);
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void <strong>set_root_cert</strong> (std::string const& pem);
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bool <strong>priv</strong> () const;
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void <strong>set_priv</strong> (bool p);
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int <strong>num_pieces</strong> () const;
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int <strong>piece_length</strong> () const;
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int <strong>piece_size</strong> (int i) const;
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std::vector<sha1_hash> const& <strong>merkle_tree</strong> () const;
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enum flags_t
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{
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optimize,
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merkle,
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modification_time,
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symlinks,
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calculate_file_hashes,
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};
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};
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</pre>
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<a name="create_torrent()"></a><div class="section" id="id5">
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<h2>create_torrent()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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<strong>create_torrent</strong> (torrent_info const& ti);
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<strong>create_torrent</strong> (file_storage& fs, int piece_size = 0
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, int pad_file_limit = -1, int flags = optimize, int alignment = 0x4000);
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</pre>
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<p>The <tt class="docutils literal">piece_size</tt> is the size of each piece in bytes. It must
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be a multiple of 16 kiB. If a piece size of 0 is specified, a
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piece_size will be calculated such that the torrent file is roughly 40 kB.</p>
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<p>If a <tt class="docutils literal">pad_size_limit</tt> is specified (other than -1), any file larger than
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the specified number of bytes will be preceeded by a pad file to align it
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with the start of a piece. The pad_file_limit is ignored unless the
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<tt class="docutils literal">optimize</tt> flag is passed. Typically it doesn't make sense to set this
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any lower than 4kiB.</p>
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<p>The overload that takes a <tt class="docutils literal">torrent_info</tt> object will make a verbatim
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copy of its info dictionary (to preserve the info-hash). The copy of
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the info dictionary will be used by <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#generate()">create_torrent::generate()</a>. This means
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that none of the member functions of <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#create_torrent">create_torrent</a> that affects
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the content of the info dictionary (such as <tt class="docutils literal">set_hash()</tt>), will
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have any affect.</p>
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<p>The <tt class="docutils literal">flags</tt> arguments specifies options for the torrent creation. It can
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be any combination of the flags defined by <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#flags_t">create_torrent::flags_t</a>.</p>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal">alignment</tt> is used when pad files are enabled. This is the size eligible
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files are aligned to. The default is the default bittorrent block size of
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16 kiB. It is common to align to the piece size of the torrent.</p>
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<a name="generate()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="generate">
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<h2>generate()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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entry <strong>generate</strong> () const;
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</pre>
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<p>This function will generate the .torrent file as a bencode tree. In order to
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generate the flat file, use the <a class="reference external" href="reference-Bencoding.html#bencode()">bencode()</a> function.</p>
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<p>It may be useful to add custom entries to the torrent file before bencoding it
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and saving it to disk.</p>
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<p>If anything goes wrong during torrent generation, this function will return
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an empty <tt class="docutils literal">entry</tt> structure. You can test for this condition by querying the
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type of the entry:</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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file_storage fs;
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// add file ...
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create_torrent t(fs);
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// add trackers and piece hashes ...
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e = t.generate();
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if (e.type() == entry::undefined_t)
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{
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// something went wrong
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}
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</pre>
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<p>For instance, you cannot generate a torrent with 0 files in it. If you don't add
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any files to the <tt class="docutils literal">file_storage</tt>, torrent generation will fail.</p>
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<a name="files()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="files">
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<h2>files()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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file_storage const& <strong>files</strong> () const;
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</pre>
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<p>returns an immutable reference to the <a class="reference external" href="reference-Storage.html#file_storage">file_storage</a> used to create
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the torrent from.</p>
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<a name="set_comment()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="set-comment">
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<h2>set_comment()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>set_comment</strong> (char const* str);
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</pre>
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<p>Sets the comment for the torrent. The string <tt class="docutils literal">str</tt> should be utf-8 encoded.
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The comment in a torrent file is optional.</p>
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<a name="set_creator()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="set-creator">
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<h2>set_creator()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>set_creator</strong> (char const* str);
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</pre>
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<p>Sets the creator of the torrent. The string <tt class="docutils literal">str</tt> should be utf-8 encoded.
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This is optional.</p>
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<a name="set_hash()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="set-hash">
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<h2>set_hash()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>set_hash</strong> (int index, sha1_hash const& h);
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</pre>
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<p>This sets the SHA-1 hash for the specified piece (<tt class="docutils literal">index</tt>). You are required
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to set the hash for every piece in the torrent before generating it. If you have
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the files on disk, you can use the high level convenience function to do this.
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See <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#set_piece_hashes()">set_piece_hashes()</a>.</p>
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<a name="set_file_hash()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="set-file-hash">
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<h2>set_file_hash()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>set_file_hash</strong> (int index, sha1_hash const& h);
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</pre>
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<p>This sets the sha1 hash for this file. This hash will end up under the key <tt class="docutils literal">sha1</tt>
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associated with this file (for multi-file torrents) or in the root info dictionary
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for single-file torrents.</p>
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<a name="add_url_seed()"></a>
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<a name="add_http_seed()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="add-url-seed-add-http-seed">
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<h2>add_url_seed() add_http_seed()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>add_url_seed</strong> (std::string const& url);
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void <strong>add_http_seed</strong> (std::string const& url);
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</pre>
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<p>This adds a url seed to the torrent. You can have any number of url seeds. For a
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single file torrent, this should be an HTTP url, pointing to a file with identical
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content as the file of the torrent. For a multi-file torrent, it should point to
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a directory containing a directory with the same name as this torrent, and all the
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files of the torrent in it.</p>
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<p>The second function, <tt class="docutils literal">add_http_seed()</tt> adds an HTTP seed instead.</p>
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<a name="add_node()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="add-node">
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<h2>add_node()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>add_node</strong> (std::pair<std::string, int> const& node);
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</pre>
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<p>This adds a DHT node to the torrent. This especially useful if you're creating a
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tracker less torrent. It can be used by clients to bootstrap their DHT node from.
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The node is a hostname and a port number where there is a DHT node running.
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You can have any number of DHT nodes in a torrent.</p>
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<a name="add_tracker()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="add-tracker">
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<h2>add_tracker()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>add_tracker</strong> (std::string const& url, int tier = 0);
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</pre>
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<p>Adds a tracker to the torrent. This is not strictly required, but most torrents
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use a tracker as their main source of peers. The url should be an <a class="reference external" href="http://">http://</a> or udp://
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url to a machine running a bittorrent tracker that accepts announces for this torrent's
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info-hash. The tier is the fallback priority of the tracker. All trackers with tier 0 are
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tried first (in any order). If all fail, trackers with tier 1 are tried. If all of those
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fail, trackers with tier 2 are tried, and so on.</p>
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<a name="set_root_cert()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="set-root-cert">
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<h2>set_root_cert()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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void <strong>set_root_cert</strong> (std::string const& pem);
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</pre>
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<p>This function sets an X.509 certificate in PEM format to the torrent. This makes the
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torrent an <em>SSL torrent</em>. An SSL torrent requires that each peer has a valid certificate
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signed by this root certificate. For SSL torrents, all peers are connecting over SSL
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connections. For more information, see the section on <a class="reference external" href="manual-ref.html#ssl-torrents">ssl torrents</a>.</p>
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<p>The string is not the path to the cert, it's the actual content of the certificate,
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loaded into a std::string.</p>
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<a name="priv()"></a>
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<a name="set_priv()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="priv-set-priv">
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<h2>priv() set_priv()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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bool <strong>priv</strong> () const;
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void <strong>set_priv</strong> (bool p);
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</pre>
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<p>Sets and queries the private flag of the torrent.
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Torrents with the private flag set ask clients to not use any other
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sources than the tracker for peers, and to not advertize itself publicly,
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apart from the tracker.</p>
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<a name="num_pieces()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="num-pieces">
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<h2>num_pieces()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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int <strong>num_pieces</strong> () const;
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</pre>
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<p>returns the number of pieces in the associated <a class="reference external" href="reference-Storage.html#file_storage">file_storage</a> object.</p>
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<a name="piece_length()"></a>
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<a name="piece_size()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="piece-length-piece-size">
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<h2>piece_length() piece_size()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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int <strong>piece_length</strong> () const;
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int <strong>piece_size</strong> (int i) const;
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</pre>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal">piece_length()</tt> returns the piece size of all pieces but the
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last one. <tt class="docutils literal">piece_size()</tt> returns the size of the specified piece.
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these functions are just forwarding to the associated <a class="reference external" href="reference-Storage.html#file_storage">file_storage</a>.</p>
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<a name="merkle_tree()"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="merkle-tree">
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<h2>merkle_tree()</h2>
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<pre class="literal-block">
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std::vector<sha1_hash> const& <strong>merkle_tree</strong> () const;
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</pre>
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<p>This function returns the merkle hash tree, if the torrent was created as a merkle
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torrent. The tree is created by <tt class="docutils literal">generate()</tt> and won't be valid until that function
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has been called. When creating a merkle tree torrent, the actual tree itself has to
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be saved off separately and fed into libtorrent the first time you start seeding it,
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through the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">torrent_info::set_merkle_tree()</span></tt> function. From that point onwards, the
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tree will be saved in the resume data.</p>
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<a name="flags_t"></a></div>
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<div class="section" id="enum-flags-t">
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<h2>enum flags_t</h2>
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<p>Declared in "<a class="reference external" href="../include/libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp">libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp</a>"</p>
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<colgroup>
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<col width="21%" />
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<col width="6%" />
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<col width="72%" />
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</colgroup>
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<thead valign="bottom">
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<tr><th class="head">name</th>
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<th class="head">value</th>
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<th class="head">description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr><td>optimize</td>
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<td>1</td>
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<td>This will insert pad files to align the files to piece boundaries, for
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optimized disk-I/O.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td>merkle</td>
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<td>2</td>
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<td>This will create a merkle hash tree torrent. A merkle torrent cannot
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be opened in clients that don't specifically support merkle torrents.
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The benefit is that the resulting torrent file will be much smaller and
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not grow with more pieces. When this option is specified, it is
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recommended to have a fairly small piece size, say 64 kiB.
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When creating merkle torrents, the full hash tree is also generated
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and should be saved off separately. It is accessed through the
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<a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#merkle_tree()">create_torrent::merkle_tree()</a> function.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td>modification_time</td>
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<td>4</td>
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<td>This will include the file modification time as part of the torrent.
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This is not enabled by default, as it might cause problems when you
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create a torrent from separate files with the same content, hoping to
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yield the same info-hash. If the files have different modification times,
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with this option enabled, you would get different info-hashes for the
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files.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td>symlinks</td>
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<td>8</td>
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<td>If this flag is set, files that are symlinks get a symlink attribute
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set on them and their data will not be included in the torrent. This
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is useful if you need to reconstruct a file hierarchy which contains
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symlinks.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr><td>calculate_file_hashes</td>
|
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<td>16</td>
|
|
<td>If this is set, the <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#set_piece_hashes()">set_piece_hashes()</a> function will, as it calculates
|
|
the piece hashes, also calculate the file hashes and add those associated
|
|
with each file. Note that unless you use the <a class="reference external" href="reference-Create_Torrents.html#set_piece_hashes()">set_piece_hashes()</a> function,
|
|
this flag will have no effect.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<a name="add_files()"></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="add-files">
|
|
<h2>add_files()</h2>
|
|
<p>Declared in "<a class="reference external" href="../include/libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp">libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp</a>"</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
template <class Pred> void <strong>add_files</strong> (file_storage& fs, std::string const& file, Pred p, boost::uint32_t flags = 0);
|
|
inline void <strong>add_files</strong> (file_storage& fs, std::string const& file, boost::uint32_t flags = 0);
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>Adds the file specified by <tt class="docutils literal">path</tt> to the <a class="reference external" href="reference-Storage.html#file_storage">file_storage</a> object. In case <tt class="docutils literal">path</tt>
|
|
refers to a diretory, files will be added recursively from the directory.</p>
|
|
<p>If specified, the predicate <tt class="docutils literal">p</tt> is called once for every file and directory that
|
|
is encountered. files for which <tt class="docutils literal">p</tt> returns true are added, and directories for
|
|
which <tt class="docutils literal">p</tt> returns true are traversed. <tt class="docutils literal">p</tt> must have the following signature:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
bool Pred(std::string const& p);
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>The path that is passed in to the predicate is the full path of the file or
|
|
directory. If no predicate is specified, all files are added, and all directories
|
|
are traveresed.</p>
|
|
<p>The ".." directory is never traversed.</p>
|
|
<p>The <tt class="docutils literal">flags</tt> argument should be the same as the flags passed to the <a class="reference internal" href="#create-torrent">create_torrent</a>
|
|
constructor.</p>
|
|
<a name="set_piece_hashes()"></a></div>
|
|
<div class="section" id="set-piece-hashes">
|
|
<h2>set_piece_hashes()</h2>
|
|
<p>Declared in "<a class="reference external" href="../include/libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp">libtorrent/create_torrent.hpp</a>"</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
void <strong>set_piece_hashes</strong> (create_torrent& t, std::string const& p
|
|
, boost::function<void(int)> f, error_code& ec);
|
|
inline void <strong>set_piece_hashes</strong> (create_torrent& t, std::string const& p);
|
|
inline void <strong>set_piece_hashes</strong> (create_torrent& t, std::string const& p, error_code& ec);
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>This function will assume that the files added to the torrent file exists at path
|
|
<tt class="docutils literal">p</tt>, read those files and hash the content and set the hashes in the <tt class="docutils literal">create_torrent</tt>
|
|
object. The optional function <tt class="docutils literal">f</tt> is called in between every hash that is set. <tt class="docutils literal">f</tt>
|
|
must have the following signature:</p>
|
|
<pre class="literal-block">
|
|
void Fun(int);
|
|
</pre>
|
|
<p>The overloads that don't take an <tt class="docutils literal">error_code&</tt> may throw an exception in case of a
|
|
file error, the other overloads sets the error code to reflect the error, if any.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
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