Add H.265 codec support

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 __Planned (1.1.0)__
 - GUI
 - Use json-encoded strings instead of pickle for storing stuff
+- Allow H.265 encoding/decoding with the -5 or --h265 flags. This makes the video file about 50% smaller, and decoding the pixels about 3x faster.
 
 __1.0.0__
 

docs/source/history.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ Planned (1.1.0)
 
 - GUI
 - Use json-encoded strings instead of pickle for storing stuff
+- Allow H.265 encoding/decoding with the -5 or --h265 flags. This makes the video file about 50% smaller, and decoding the pixels about 3x faster.
 
 1.0.0
 =====

fvid/cythonizer.py

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #cython: language_level = 3
 from distutils.core import Extension, setup
 from Cython.Build import cythonize
+import os
+
+os.environ['CFLAGS'] = "-march='native'"
 
 ext = Extension(name="fvid_cython", sources=["fvid_cython.pyx"])
 setup(ext_modules=cythonize(ext, compiler_directives={'language_level': 3, 'infer_types': True}))

fvid/fvid.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import json
 import base64
 import decimal
 import random
+import magic
 
 from zfec import easyfec as ef
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.kdf.pbkdf2 import PBKDF2HMAC
 from Crypto.Cipher import AES
 
 try:
-    from fvid_cython import cy_get_bits_from_image as cy_gbfi
+    from fvid_cython import cy_gbfi, cy_gbfi_h265
 
     use_cython = True
 except (ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError):
@@ -38,12 +39,13 @@ NOTDEBUG = True
 TEMPVIDEO = "_temp.mp4"
 FRAMERATE = "1"
 
-# DO NOT CHANGE: (2, 3) WORKS SOMETIMES
+# DO NOT CHANGE: (2, 3-8) works sometimes
-# BUT SOMEHOW THIS IS THE ONLY COMBO THAT ALWAYS WORKS
+# this is the most effieicnt by far though
 KVAL = 4
 MVAL = 5
-# THIS CAN BE ANY POWER OF 2 BUT MUST STAY SAME BETWEEN ENCODING/DECODING
+# this can by ANY integer that is a multiple of (KVAL/MVAL)
-# RECOMMENDED 8-64
+# but it MUST stay the same between encoding/decoding
+# reccomended 8-64
 BLOCK = 16
 
 
@@ -157,44 +159,59 @@ def get_bits_from_file(
     return bitarray.bin
 
 
-def get_bits_from_image(image: Image) -> str:
+def get_bits_from_image(image: Image, use_h265: bool) -> str:
     """
     extract bits from image (frame) pixels
 
     image -- png image file used to extract bits from
     """
 
-    if use_cython:
+    # use two different functions so we can type pixel correctly
+    if use_cython and not use_h265:
         return cy_gbfi(image)
+    elif use_cython and use_h265:
+        return cy_gbfi_h265(image)
 
     width, height = image.size
 
     px = image.load()
     bits = ""
 
-    for y in range(height):
+    # use separate code path so we dont check inside every loop
-        for x in range(width):
+    if not use_h265:
+        for y in range(height):
+            for x in range(width):
+                pixel = px[x, y]
+                pixel_bin_rep = "0"
 
-            pixel = px[x, y]
+                # if the white difference is smaller, that means the pixel is
+                # closer to white, otherwise, the pixel must be black
+                if (
+                    abs(pixel[0] - 255) < abs(pixel[0] - 0)
+                    and abs(pixel[1] - 255) < abs(pixel[1] - 0)
+                    and abs(pixel[2] - 255) < abs(pixel[2] - 0)
+                ):
+                    pixel_bin_rep = "1"
 
-            pixel_bin_rep = "0"
+                # adding bits
+                bits += pixel_bin_rep
+    else:
+        for y in range(height):
+            for x in range(width):
+                pixel = px[x, y]
+                pixel_bin_rep = "0"
 
-            # if the white difference is smaller, that means the pixel is
+                # pixel is either 0 or 255, black or white
-            # closer to white, otherwise, the pixel must be black
+                if pixel == 255:
-            if (
+                    pixel_bin_rep = "1"
-                abs(pixel[0] - 255) < abs(pixel[0] - 0)
-                and abs(pixel[1] - 255) < abs(pixel[1] - 0)
-                and abs(pixel[2] - 255) < abs(pixel[2] - 0)
-            ):
-                pixel_bin_rep = "1"
 
-            # adding bits
+                # adding bits
-            bits += pixel_bin_rep
+                bits += pixel_bin_rep
 
     return bits
 
 
-def get_bits_from_video(video_filepath: str) -> str:
+def get_bits_from_video(video_filepath: str, use_h265: bool) -> str:
     """
     extract the bits from a video by frame (using a sequence of images)
 
@@ -204,14 +221,24 @@ def get_bits_from_video(video_filepath: str) -> str:
     print("Reading video...")
 
     image_sequence = []
-    os.system(
+    if use_h265:
-        "ffmpeg -i "
+        os.system(
-        + video_filepath
+            "ffmpeg -i "
-        + " -c:v libx264rgb -filter:v fps=fps="
+            + video_filepath
-        + FRAMERATE
+            + " -c:v libx265 -filter:v fps=fps="
-        + " "
+            + FRAMERATE
-        + TEMPVIDEO
+            + " -x265-params lossless=1 -preset 6 -tune grain "
-    )
+            + TEMPVIDEO
+        )
+    else:
+        os.system(
+            "ffmpeg -i "
+            + video_filepath
+            + " -c:v libx264rgb -filter:v fps=fps="
+            + FRAMERATE
+            + " "
+            + TEMPVIDEO
+        )
     os.system(
         "ffmpeg -i " + TEMPVIDEO + " ./fvid_frames/decoded_frames_%d.png"
     )
@@ -230,7 +257,7 @@ def get_bits_from_video(video_filepath: str) -> str:
         print("Using Cython...")
 
     for index in tqdm(range(sequence_length)):
-        bits += get_bits_from_image(image_sequence[index])
+        bits += get_bits_from_image(image_sequence[index], use_h265)
 
     return bits
 
@@ -290,6 +317,9 @@ def save_bits_to_file(
     in_ = io.BytesIO()
     in_.write(bitstring.bytes)
     in_.seek(0)
+    # DOES NOT WORK IF WE DONT CHECK BUFFER, UNSURE WHY
+    filetype = magic.from_buffer(in_.read())
+    in_.seek(0)
     with gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=in_, mode="rb") as fo:
         bitstring = fo.read()
     # zip
@@ -388,7 +418,7 @@ def make_image_sequence(bitstring: BitArray, resolution: tuple = (1920, 1080)):
         index += 1
 
 
-def make_video(output_filepath: str, framerate: int = FRAMERATE):
+def make_video(output_filepath: str, framerate: int = FRAMERATE, use_h265: bool = False):
     """
     Create video using ffmpeg
 
@@ -401,13 +431,21 @@ def make_video(output_filepath: str, framerate: int = FRAMERATE):
     else:
         outputfile = output_filepath
 
-    os.system(
+    if use_h265:
-        "ffmpeg -r "
+        os.system(
-        + framerate
+            "ffmpeg -r "
-        + " -i ./fvid_frames/encoded_frames_%d.png -c:v libx264rgb "
+            + framerate
-        + outputfile
+            + " -i ./fvid_frames/encoded_frames_%d.png -c:v libx265 "
-    )
+            + " -x265-params lossless=1 -preset 6 -tune grain "
-
+            + outputfile
+        )
+    else:
+        os.system(
+            "ffmpeg -r "
+            + framerate
+            + " -i ./fvid_frames/encoded_frames_%d.png -c:v libx264rgb "
+            + outputfile
+        )
 
 def cleanup():
     """
@@ -468,6 +506,12 @@ def main():
         ),
         action="store_true",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-5",
+        "--h265",
+        help="Use H.265 codec for improved efficiency",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
 
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
@@ -495,7 +539,7 @@ def main():
     key = get_password(args.password)
 
     if args.decode:
-        bits = get_bits_from_video(args.input)
+        bits = get_bits_from_video(args.input, args.h265)
 
         file_path = None
 
@@ -529,7 +573,7 @@ def main():
         if args.output:
             video_file_path = args.output
 
-        make_video(video_file_path, args.framerate)
+        make_video(video_file_path, args.framerate, args.h265)
 
     cleanup()
 

fvid/fvid_cython.c

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 /* BEGIN: Cython Metadata
 {
     "distutils": {
-        "language": "c",
         "name": "fvid_cython",
         "sources": [
             "fvid_cython.pyx"
@@ -823,7 +822,7 @@ static const char *__pyx_f[] = {
 struct __pyx_ctuple_int__and_int__and_int;
 typedef struct __pyx_ctuple_int__and_int__and_int __pyx_ctuple_int__and_int__and_int;
 
-/* "fvid_cython.pyx":9
+/* "fvid_cython.pyx":30
  *     cdef int width, height, x, y
  *     cdef str pixel_bin_rep, bits
  *     cdef (int, int, int) pixel             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1127,7 +1126,8 @@ static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t);
 
 
 /* Module declarations from 'fvid_cython' */
-static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_gbfi_h265(PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_gbfi(PyObject *, int __pyx_skip_dispatch); /*proto*/
 #define __Pyx_MODULE_NAME "fvid_cython"
 extern int __pyx_module_is_main_fvid_cython;
 int __pyx_module_is_main_fvid_cython = 0;
@@ -1154,19 +1154,334 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_name;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_range;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_size;
 static PyObject *__pyx_n_s_test;
-static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_gbfi_h265(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /* proto */
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_2cy_gbfi(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /* proto */
 /* Late includes */
 
-/* "fvid_cython.pyx":6
+/* "fvid_cython.pyx":5
  * # cython: wraparound=False
  * 
- * cpdef str cy_get_bits_from_image(image):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * cpdef str cy_gbfi_h265(image):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ *     cdef int width, height, x, y, pixel
+ *     cdef str pixel_bin_rep, bits
+ */
+
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_1cy_gbfi_h265(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /*proto*/
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  *     return bits             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
@@ -1431,10 +1746,10 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *__pyx_v_
   __pyx_r = __pyx_v_bits;
   goto __pyx_L0;
 
-  /* "fvid_cython.pyx":6
+  /* "fvid_cython.pyx":27
- * # cython: wraparound=False
+ *     return bits
  * 
- * cpdef str cy_get_bits_from_image(image):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * cpdef str cy_gbfi(image):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
  *     cdef int width, height, x, y
  *     cdef str pixel_bin_rep, bits
  */
@@ -1445,7 +1760,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *__pyx_v_
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_2);
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_3);
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_4);
-  __Pyx_AddTraceback("fvid_cython.cy_get_bits_from_image", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("fvid_cython.cy_gbfi", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
   __pyx_r = 0;
   __pyx_L0:;
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_v_pixel_bin_rep);
@@ -1457,25 +1772,25 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *__pyx_v_
 }
 
 /* Python wrapper */
-static PyObject *__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_1cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /*proto*/
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_3cy_gbfi(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image); /*proto*/
-static PyObject *__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_1cy_get_bits_from_image(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image) {
+static PyObject *__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_3cy_gbfi(PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image) {
   PyObject *__pyx_r = 0;
   __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
-  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("cy_get_bits_from_image (wrapper)", 0);
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("cy_gbfi (wrapper)", 0);
-  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(__pyx_self, ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_image));
+  __pyx_r = __pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_2cy_gbfi(__pyx_self, ((PyObject *)__pyx_v_image));
 
   /* function exit code */
   __Pyx_RefNannyFinishContext();
   return __pyx_r;
 }
 
-static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image) {
+static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_2cy_gbfi(CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *__pyx_self, PyObject *__pyx_v_image) {
   PyObject *__pyx_r = NULL;
   __Pyx_RefNannyDeclarations
   PyObject *__pyx_t_1 = NULL;
-  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("cy_get_bits_from_image", 0);
+  __Pyx_RefNannySetupContext("cy_gbfi", 0);
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_r);
-  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(__pyx_v_image, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 6, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_t_1 = __pyx_f_11fvid_cython_cy_gbfi(__pyx_v_image, 0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 27, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);
   __pyx_r = __pyx_t_1;
   __pyx_t_1 = 0;
@@ -1484,7 +1799,7 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(CYTHON_UNUSED PyO
   /* function exit code */
   __pyx_L1_error:;
   __Pyx_XDECREF(__pyx_t_1);
-  __Pyx_AddTraceback("fvid_cython.cy_get_bits_from_image", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
+  __Pyx_AddTraceback("fvid_cython.cy_gbfi", __pyx_clineno, __pyx_lineno, __pyx_filename);
   __pyx_r = NULL;
   __pyx_L0:;
   __Pyx_XGIVEREF(__pyx_r);
@@ -1493,7 +1808,8 @@ static PyObject *__pyx_pf_11fvid_cython_cy_get_bits_from_image(CYTHON_UNUSED PyO
 }
 
 static PyMethodDef __pyx_methods[] = {
-  {"cy_get_bits_from_image", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_1cy_get_bits_from_image, METH_O, 0},
+  {"cy_gbfi_h265", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_1cy_gbfi_h265, METH_O, 0},
+  {"cy_gbfi", (PyCFunction)__pyx_pw_11fvid_cython_3cy_gbfi, METH_O, 0},
   {0, 0, 0, 0}
 };
 
@@ -1552,7 +1868,7 @@ static __Pyx_StringTabEntry __pyx_string_tab[] = {
   {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
 };
 static CYTHON_SMALL_CODE int __Pyx_InitCachedBuiltins(void) {
-  __pyx_builtin_range = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_range); if (!__pyx_builtin_range) __PYX_ERR(0, 16, __pyx_L1_error)
+  __pyx_builtin_range = __Pyx_GetBuiltinName(__pyx_n_s_range); if (!__pyx_builtin_range) __PYX_ERR(0, 14, __pyx_L1_error)
   return 0;
   __pyx_L1_error:;
   return -1;
@@ -1834,9 +2150,9 @@ if (!__Pyx_RefNanny) {
   #endif
 
   /* "fvid_cython.pyx":1
- * # distutils: language=c             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+ * # cython: boundscheck=False             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
- * # cython: boundscheck=False
  * # cython: cdivision=True
+ * # cython: wraparound=False
  */
   __pyx_t_1 = __Pyx_PyDict_NewPresized(0); if (unlikely(!__pyx_t_1)) __PYX_ERR(0, 1, __pyx_L1_error)
   __Pyx_GOTREF(__pyx_t_1);

fvid/fvid_cython.pyx

@@ -1,9 +1,30 @@
-# distutils: language=c
 # cython: boundscheck=False
 # cython: cdivision=True
 # cython: wraparound=False
 
-cpdef str cy_get_bits_from_image(image):
+cpdef str cy_gbfi_h265(image):
+    cdef int width, height, x, y, pixel
+    cdef str pixel_bin_rep, bits
+
+    width, height = image.size
+
+    px = image.load()
+    bits = ""
+    
+    for y in range(height):
+        for x in range(width):
+            pixel = px[x, y]
+
+            pixel_bin_rep = <str>"0"
+
+            if pixel == 255:
+                pixel_bin_rep = <str>"1"
+
+            bits += pixel_bin_rep
+
+    return bits
+
+cpdef str cy_gbfi(image):
     cdef int width, height, x, y
     cdef str pixel_bin_rep, bits
     cdef (int, int, int) pixel
@@ -24,7 +45,6 @@ cpdef str cy_get_bits_from_image(image):
             if abs(pixel[0] - 255) < abs(pixel[0] - 0) and abs(pixel[1] - 255) < abs(pixel[1] - 0) and abs(pixel[2] - 255) < abs(pixel[2] - 0):
                 pixel_bin_rep = <str>"1"
 
-            # adding bits
             bits += pixel_bin_rep
 
-    return bits
+    return bits