Generate a GPG key
This commit is contained in:
Bob Mottram
parent
4d4e0f4590
commit
c434a1df60
320
beaglebone.txt
320
beaglebone.txt
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@ -1179,6 +1179,326 @@ Save and exit, then start the dovecot service.
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service dovecot restart
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#+END_SRC
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** Create a GPG key
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#+BEGIN_VERSE
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/If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy./
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-- Philip Zimmermann
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#+END_VERSE
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*** Initial installation
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Assuming that you are logged in as root, first ensure that GPG is installed and then exit to your user account.
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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apt-get install gnupg
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exit
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#+END_SRC
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Now we will add some settings:
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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mkdir ~/.gnupg
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emacs ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
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#+END_SRC
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The configuration should look like the following. Of particular importance are the default preferences at the end.
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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# Options for GnuPG
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# Copyright 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003,
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# 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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#
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# This file is free software; as a special exception the author gives
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# unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, with or without
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# modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
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#
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# This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without even the
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# implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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#
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# Unless you specify which option file to use (with the command line
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# option "--options filename"), GnuPG uses the file ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf
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# by default.
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#
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# An options file can contain any long options which are available in
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# GnuPG. If the first non white space character of a line is a '#',
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# this line is ignored. Empty lines are also ignored.
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#
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# See the man page for a list of options.
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# Uncomment the following option to get rid of the copyright notice
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#no-greeting
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# If you have more than 1 secret key in your keyring, you may want to
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# uncomment the following option and set your preferred keyid.
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#default-key 621CC013
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# If you do not pass a recipient to gpg, it will ask for one. Using
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# this option you can encrypt to a default key. Key validation will
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# not be done in this case. The second form uses the default key as
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# default recipient.
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#default-recipient some-user-id
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#default-recipient-self
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# Use --encrypt-to to add the specified key as a recipient to all
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# messages. This is useful, for example, when sending mail through a
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# mail client that does not automatically encrypt mail to your key.
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# In the example, this option allows you to read your local copy of
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# encrypted mail that you've sent to others.
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#encrypt-to some-key-id
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# By default GnuPG creates version 4 signatures for data files as
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# specified by OpenPGP. Some earlier (PGP 6, PGP 7) versions of PGP
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# require the older version 3 signatures. Setting this option forces
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# GnuPG to create version 3 signatures.
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#force-v3-sigs
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# Because some mailers change lines starting with "From " to ">From "
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# it is good to handle such lines in a special way when creating
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# cleartext signatures; all other PGP versions do it this way too.
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#no-escape-from-lines
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# If you do not use the Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) charset, you should tell
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# GnuPG which is the native character set. Please check the man page
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# for supported character sets. This character set is only used for
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# metadata and not for the actual message which does not undergo any
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# translation. Note that future version of GnuPG will change to UTF-8
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# as default character set. In most cases this option is not required
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# as GnuPG is able to figure out the correct charset at runtime.
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#charset utf-8
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# Group names may be defined like this:
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# group mynames = paige 0x12345678 joe patti
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#
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# Any time "mynames" is a recipient (-r or --recipient), it will be
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# expanded to the names "paige", "joe", and "patti", and the key ID
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# "0x12345678". Note there is only one level of expansion - you
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# cannot make an group that points to another group. Note also that
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# if there are spaces in the recipient name, this will appear as two
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# recipients. In these cases it is better to use the key ID.
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#group mynames = paige 0x12345678 joe patti
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# Lock the file only once for the lifetime of a process. If you do
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# not define this, the lock will be obtained and released every time
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# it is needed, which is usually preferable.
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#lock-once
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# GnuPG can send and receive keys to and from a keyserver. These
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# servers can be HKP, email, or LDAP (if GnuPG is built with LDAP
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# support).
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#
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# Example HKP keyserver:
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# hkp://keys.gnupg.net
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# hkp://subkeys.pgp.net
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#
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# Example email keyserver:
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# mailto:pgp-public-keys@keys.pgp.net
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#
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# Example LDAP keyservers:
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# ldap://keyserver.pgp.com
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#
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# Regular URL syntax applies, and you can set an alternate port
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# through the usual method:
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# hkp://keyserver.example.net:22742
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#
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# Most users just set the name and type of their preferred keyserver.
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# Note that most servers (with the notable exception of
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# ldap://keyserver.pgp.com) synchronize changes with each other. Note
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# also that a single server name may actually point to multiple
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# servers via DNS round-robin. hkp://keys.gnupg.net is an example of
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# such a "server", which spreads the load over a number of physical
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# servers. To see the IP address of the server actually used, you may use
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# the "--keyserver-options debug".
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keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net
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#keyserver mailto:pgp-public-keys@keys.nl.pgp.net
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#keyserver ldap://keyserver.pgp.com
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# Common options for keyserver functions:
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#
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# include-disabled : when searching, include keys marked as "disabled"
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# on the keyserver (not all keyservers support this).
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#
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# no-include-revoked : when searching, do not include keys marked as
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# "revoked" on the keyserver.
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#
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# verbose : show more information as the keys are fetched.
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# Can be used more than once to increase the amount
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# of information shown.
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#
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# use-temp-files : use temporary files instead of a pipe to talk to the
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# keyserver. Some platforms (Win32 for one) always
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# have this on.
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#
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# keep-temp-files : do not delete temporary files after using them
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# (really only useful for debugging)
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#
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# http-proxy="proxy" : set the proxy to use for HTTP and HKP keyservers.
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# This overrides the "http_proxy" environment variable,
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# if any.
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#
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# auto-key-retrieve : automatically fetch keys as needed from the keyserver
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# when verifying signatures or when importing keys that
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# have been revoked by a revocation key that is not
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# present on the keyring.
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#
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# no-include-attributes : do not include attribute IDs (aka "photo IDs")
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# when sending keys to the keyserver.
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keyserver-options auto-key-retrieve
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# Display photo user IDs in key listings
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# list-options show-photos
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# Display photo user IDs when a signature from a key with a photo is
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# verified
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# verify-options show-photos
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# Use this program to display photo user IDs
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#
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# %i is expanded to a temporary file that contains the photo.
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# %I is the same as %i, but the file isn't deleted afterwards by GnuPG.
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# %k is expanded to the key ID of the key.
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# %K is expanded to the long OpenPGP key ID of the key.
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# %t is expanded to the extension of the image (e.g. "jpg").
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# %T is expanded to the MIME type of the image (e.g. "image/jpeg").
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# %f is expanded to the fingerprint of the key.
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# %% is %, of course.
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#
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# If %i or %I are not present, then the photo is supplied to the
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# viewer on standard input. If your platform supports it, standard
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# input is the best way to do this as it avoids the time and effort in
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# generating and then cleaning up a secure temp file.
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#
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# If no photo-viewer is provided, GnuPG will look for xloadimage, eog,
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# or display (ImageMagick). On Mac OS X and Windows, the default is
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# to use your regular JPEG image viewer.
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#
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# Some other viewers:
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# photo-viewer "qiv %i"
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# photo-viewer "ee %i"
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#
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# This one saves a copy of the photo ID in your home directory:
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# photo-viewer "cat > ~/photoid-for-key-%k.%t"
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#
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# Use your MIME handler to view photos:
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# photo-viewer "metamail -q -d -b -c %T -s 'KeyID 0x%k' -f GnuPG"
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# Passphrase agent
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#
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# We support the old experimental passphrase agent protocol as well as
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# the new Assuan based one (currently available in the "newpg" package
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# at ftp.gnupg.org/gcrypt/alpha/aegypten/). To make use of the agent,
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# you have to run an agent as daemon and use the option
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#
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# use-agent
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#
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# which tries to use the agent but will fallback to the regular mode
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# if there is a problem connecting to the agent. The normal way to
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# locate the agent is by looking at the environment variable
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# GPG_AGENT_INFO which should have been set during gpg-agent startup.
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# In certain situations the use of this variable is not possible, thus
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# the option
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#
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# --gpg-agent-info=<path>:<pid>:1
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#
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# may be used to override it.
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# Automatic key location
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#
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# GnuPG can automatically locate and retrieve keys as needed using the
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# auto-key-locate option. This happens when encrypting to an email
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# address (in the "user@example.com" form), and there are no
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# user@example.com keys on the local keyring. This option takes the
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# following arguments, in the order they are to be tried:
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#
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# cert = locate a key using DNS CERT, as specified in RFC-4398.
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# GnuPG can handle both the PGP (key) and IPGP (URL + fingerprint)
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# CERT methods.
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#
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# pka = locate a key using DNS PKA.
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#
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# ldap = locate a key using the PGP Universal method of checking
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# "ldap://keys.(thedomain)". For example, encrypting to
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# user@example.com will check ldap://keys.example.com.
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#
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# keyserver = locate a key using whatever keyserver is defined using
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# the keyserver option.
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#
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# You may also list arbitrary keyservers here by URL.
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#
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# Try CERT, then PKA, then LDAP, then hkp://subkeys.net:
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#auto-key-locate cert pka ldap hkp://subkeys.pgp.net
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# default preferences
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personal-digest-preferences SHA256
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cert-digest-algo SHA256
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default-preference-list SHA512 SHA384 SHA256 SHA224 AES256 AES192 AES CAST5 ZLIB BZIP2 ZIP Uncompressed
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#+END_SRC
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Save and exit.
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*** If you have an existing key
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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gpg --import ~/public_key.txt
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gpg --allow-secret-key-import --import ~/private_key.txt
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shred -zu ~/private_key.txt
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#+END_SRC
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Now check the digest preferences, replacing /keyID/ with your GPG key ID. This applies especially if you have a key which was generated some time ago.
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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export MYGPGKEYID=keyID
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gpg --edit-key $MYGPGKEYID
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setpref SHA512 SHA384 SHA256 SHA224 AES256 AES192 AES CAST5 ZLIB BZIP2 ZIP Uncompressed
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save
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gpg --send-keys $MYGPGKEYID
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#+END_SRC
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*** To create a new key
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Generate a key with the following command:
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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gpg --gen-key
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#+END_SRC
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You can find your GPG key ID by entering:
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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gpg --list-keys
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#+END_SRC
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The key ID is the second part of the string of numbers and letters. So for example in:
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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pub 4096R/EA982E38 2012-05-20
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#+END_SRC
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the key ID is EA982E38. Now send your public key to a server so that others can find it.
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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gpg --send-keys $MYGPGKEYID
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#+END_SRC
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*** root settings
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If you later create an encrypted mailing list then the root user will also need to have good GPG settings so that it can generate key pairs for the list. The easiest way to ensure this is to do the following, replacing /myusername/ with your username:
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#+BEGIN_SRC: bash
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su
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cp -r /home/myusername/.gnupg ~/
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chown root:root ~/.gnupg
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#+END_SRC
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** Create Email folders and rules
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#+BEGIN_VERSE
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