359 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
359 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
# What you can do to resist Cloudflare?
|
||
|
||
 < [Matthew Prince (@eastdakota)](https://twitter.com/eastdakota)
|
||
|
||
"*I’d suggest this was armchair analysis by kids – it’s hard to take seriously.*" ([source](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/nov/19/cloudflare-accused-by-anonymous-helping-isis))
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Employee's comment:
|
||
|
||
"*That was simply unfounded paranoia, pretty big difference.*" ([source](https://twitter.com/xxdesmus/status/992757936123359233))
|
||
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
|
||
###### Website consumer
|
||
|
||
- If the website you like is using Cloudflare, tell them not to use Cloudflare.
|
||
|
||
[Cloudflare said](https://github.com/Eloston/ungoogled-chromium/issues/783):
|
||
```
|
||
We recommend that you reach out to the administrators for the
|
||
specific services or sites that you run into issue with and share your experience.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
If you don't [ask for it](PEOPLE.md), website owner never know this problem. Example below. [Successful example](https://counterpartytalk.org/t/turn-off-cloudflare-on-counterparty-co-plz/164/5). Raise your voice.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
You are just helping corporate censorship and mass surveillance.
|
||
https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/ticket/24351
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
Your web page is in the privacy-abusing private walled-garden of CloudFlare.
|
||
See https://github.com/privacytoolsIO/privacytools.io/issues/374#issuecomment-460077544
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- Take some time to read website's privacy policy. It must explain what the "Cloudflare" is,
|
||
and ask for permission to share your(user) data with CF. Failure to do so will result in the breach of trust
|
||
and the website in question should be avoided.
|
||
|
||
An acceptable privacy policy example is [here](https://archive.is/bDlTz) (look at "Subprocessors" > "Entity Name")
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
I've read your privacy policy and I cannot find the word "Cloudflare".
|
||
I refuse to share data with you if you continue to feed my data to Cloudflare.
|
||
See https://codeberg.org/crimeflare/cloudflare-tor/src/master/README.md
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
For example, [Liberland Jobs](https://archive.is/daKIr) [privacy policy](https://docsend.com/view/feiwyte) says:
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
... is not going to happen.
|
||
Cloudflare have their own "privacy policy", and there's no way to hear customer's privacy policy needs.
|
||
Cloudflare [loves doxxing people](https://www.reddit.com/r/GamerGhazi/comments/2s64fe/be_wary_reporting_to_cloudflare/).
|
||
|
||
Here's a good example for website's signup form.
|
||
AFAIK, zero website do this. Will you trust them?
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
By clicking “Sign up for XYZ”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement.
|
||
You also agree to share your data with Cloudflare and also agrees to cloudflare's privacy statement.
|
||
If Cloudflare leak your information or won't let you to connect to our servers, it's not our fault. [*]
|
||
|
||
[ Sign up for XYZ ] [ I disagree ]
|
||
```
|
||
[*] [People's voice](PEOPLE.md)
|
||
|
||
|
||
- Try not to use their service. Remember you are being watched by Cloudflare.
|
||
|
||
- Search for other website. There are many alternatives and opportunites on the internet!
|
||
|
||
- If your browser is Firefox, use one of these add-ons.
|
||
|
||
| Name | Developer | Support | Can Block | Can Notify |
|
||
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
|
||
| [Block Cloudflare MITM Attack](addon_firefox/bcma) | Project BCMA | [Link](README.md) |**Yes** | **Yes** |
|
||
| [Block Cloudflare MITM Attack](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/attachment/ticket/24351/block_cloudflare_mitm_attack-1.0.14.1-an%2Bfx.xpi) | nullius | [Link](https://github.com/nym-zone/block_cloudflare_mitm_fx) | **Yes** | **Yes** |
|
||
| [Are links vulnerable to MITM?](addon_firefox/ismitmlink) | Maslin Bossé | [Link](README.md) | No | **Yes** |
|
||
| [Third-party Request Blocker (AMO)](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tprb/) | Searxes #Addon | [Link](http://searxes.nmqnkngye4ct7bgss4bmv5ca3wpa55yugvxen5kz2bbq67lwy6ps54yd.onion/) | **Yes** | **Yes** |
|
||
| [TPRB](https://searxes.eu.org/collab/addon/?for=tprb) | Sw | [Link](https://sw.skusklxqaqnrmszytky4vfyrg625erw4hqhiokyc2ufnokd2aitb47yd.onion/) | **Yes** | **Yes** |
|
||
| [Detect Cloudflare](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/detect-cloudflare/) | Frank Otto | [Link](https://github.com/traktofon/cf-detect) | No | **Yes** |
|
||
|
||
|
||
- Convince your friends to use [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the daily basis. Anonymity should be the standard of the open internet!
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
###### Website owner / Web developer
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
- Do not use Cloudflare solution. You can do better than that, *right*? Here's how to [remove Cloudflare subscriptions, plans, domains, or accounts](https://support.cloudflare.com/hc/en-us/articles/200167776-Removing-subscriptions-plans-domains-or-accounts).
|
||
|
||
- Want more customers? You know what to do. Hint is "above line".
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
- Using Cloudflare will increase chances of an outage. Visitors can't access to your website if your server is down *or Cloudflare is down*. Did you really think [Cloudflare never go down](https://www.ibtimes.com/cloudflare-down-not-working-sites-producing-504-gateway-timeout-errors-2618008)? [Another](https://twitter.com/Jedduff/status/1097875615997399040) [sample](https://twitter.com/search?f=tweets&vertical=default&q=Cloudflare%20is%20having%20problems). [Need more](PEOPLE.md)?
|
||
|
||
- Using Cloudflare to proxy your "API service", "Client(software) update server" or "RSS feed" will harm your customer. A customer called you and said "I can't use your API anymore", and you have no idea what is going on. Cloudflare can [silently block your customer](PEOPLE.md). [Do you think it is okay](https://twitter.com/Skyfusion89/status/1101596592426151937)?
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
- Do you need HTTPS certificate? Use "[Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org/)" or just buy it from CA company.
|
||
|
||
- Do you need DNS server? Can't set up your own server? Then how about [1984 FreeDNS](https://www.1984hosting.com/), [Hurricane Electric Free DNS](https://dns.he.net/), [Dyn.com](https://dyn.com/dns/) or [this](https://freedns.afraid.org/)?
|
||
|
||
- Looking for hosting service? "Free" only? Well, how about [Daniel's Hosting](https://hosting.danwin1210.me/), [Googiehost](https://www.googiehost.com/), [Byethost](https://byet.host/free-hosting), [Surge](https://surge.sh/), [Github Pages](https://pages.github.com/) or [this](https://www.reddit.com/r/webdev/comments/5m8tr4/how_do_i_host_the_website_i_just_built/dc1qpk7/)?
|
||
|
||
- Are you using "_cloudflare-ipfs.com_"? Do you know [Cloudflare IPFS is bad](PEOPLE.md)?
|
||
|
||
- Install Web Application Firewall (such as OWASP) and Fail2Ban on _your_ server and configure it _properly_.
|
||
|
||
- If you want to know more alternative solutions, take a look at [this blog's "Alternative solutions" section](http://www.unixsheikh.com/articles/stay-away-from-cloudflare.html).
|
||
|
||
- Redirect or block "_Cloudflare Warp_" users from accessing your website. And provide a reason if you can.
|
||
|
||
> IP list is from "[Cloudflare’s current IP ranges](https://www.cloudflare.com/ips/)" webpage. They might lie, so check your server logs too.
|
||
|
||
> Method A: Just block
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
server {
|
||
...
|
||
deny 173.245.48.0/20;
|
||
deny 103.21.244.0/22;
|
||
deny 103.22.200.0/22;
|
||
deny 103.31.4.0/22;
|
||
deny 141.101.64.0/18;
|
||
deny 108.162.192.0/18;
|
||
deny 190.93.240.0/20;
|
||
deny 188.114.96.0/20;
|
||
deny 197.234.240.0/22;
|
||
deny 198.41.128.0/17;
|
||
deny 162.158.0.0/15;
|
||
deny 104.16.0.0/12;
|
||
deny 172.64.0.0/13;
|
||
deny 131.0.72.0/22;
|
||
deny 2400:cb00::/32;
|
||
deny 2606:4700::/32;
|
||
deny 2803:f800::/32;
|
||
deny 2405:b500::/32;
|
||
deny 2405:8100::/32;
|
||
deny 2a06:98c0::/29;
|
||
deny 2c0f:f248::/32;
|
||
...
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
> Method B: Redirect to warning page
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
http {
|
||
...
|
||
geo $iscf {
|
||
default 0;
|
||
173.245.48.0/20 1;
|
||
103.21.244.0/22 1;
|
||
103.22.200.0/22 1;
|
||
103.31.4.0/22 1;
|
||
141.101.64.0/18 1;
|
||
108.162.192.0/18 1;
|
||
190.93.240.0/20 1;
|
||
188.114.96.0/20 1;
|
||
197.234.240.0/22 1;
|
||
198.41.128.0/17 1;
|
||
162.158.0.0/15 1;
|
||
104.16.0.0/12 1;
|
||
172.64.0.0/13 1;
|
||
131.0.72.0/22 1;
|
||
2400:cb00::/32 1;
|
||
2606:4700::/32 1;
|
||
2803:f800::/32 1;
|
||
2405:b500::/32 1;
|
||
2405:8100::/32 1;
|
||
2a06:98c0::/29 1;
|
||
2c0f:f248::/32 1;
|
||
}
|
||
...
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
server {
|
||
...
|
||
if ($iscf) {rewrite ^ https://example.com/cfwsorry.php;}
|
||
...
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
<?php
|
||
header('HTTP/1.1 406 Not Acceptable');
|
||
echo <<<CLOUDFLARED
|
||
Thank you for visiting ourwebsite.com!<br />
|
||
We are sorry, but we can't serve you because your connection is being intercepted by Cloudflare.<br />
|
||
Please read https://codeberg.org/crimeflare/cloudflare-tor/ for more information.<br />
|
||
CLOUDFLARED;
|
||
die();
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- Set up [Tor Onion Service](https://www.torproject.org/docs/onion-services.html.en) or I2P insite if you believe in freedom and welcome anonymous users.
|
||
|
||
- Ask for advice from other [Clearnet/Tor dual website operators](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/org/projects/WeSupportTor) and make anonymous friends! :)
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
###### Software user
|
||
|
||
- If you use Debian GNU/Linux, or any derivative, subscribe to [bug #831835](https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=831835). And if you can, help verify the patch, and help the maintainer come to the right conclusion on whether it should be accepted.
|
||
|
||
- Always recommend these browsers.
|
||
|
||
| Name | Developer | Support | Comment |
|
||
| -------- | -------- | -------- | -------- |
|
||
| [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/download/) | Tor Project | [Link](https://support.torproject.org/) | PC (Win, Mac, Linux) |
|
||
| [Tor Browser Android](https://www.torproject.org/download/) | Tor Project | [Link](https://support.torproject.org/) | Android |
|
||
| [Onion Browser](https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/onion-browser/id519296448?mt=8) | Mike Tigas | [Link](https://github.com/OnionBrowser/OnionBrowser/issues) | Apple iOS |
|
||
| [Ungoogled-Chromium](https://ungoogled-software.github.io/ungoogled-chromium-binaries/) | Eloston | [Link](https://github.com/Eloston/ungoogled-chromium/issues) | PC (Win, Mac, Linux) _Not Tor_ |
|
||
| [Bromite](https://www.bromite.org/fdroid) | Bromite | [Link](https://github.com/bromite/bromite/issues) | Android _Not Tor_ |
|
||
|
||
Other software's privacy is imperfect. This doesn't mean Tor browser is "perfect".
|
||
There is no 100% secure nor 100% private on the internet and technology.
|
||
|
||
- Don't want to use "Tor"? You can use Tor Browser without Tor, and this is the best option for you.
|
||
|
||
> **How?**
|
||
> 1. Download [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) and launch it.
|
||
> 2. Open Add-ons Manager (about:addons) and *disable* EVERYTHING but "*Torbutton*". **Do NOT *remove* them**.
|
||
> 3. Open about:config and search "*extensions.torbutton.use_nontor_proxy*". Set it to "*true*".
|
||
> 4. Go to Options, scroll down to "*Network Proxy*". Click "*Settings*" and select "*No proxy*".
|
||
> 5. Close Tor Browser.
|
||
>
|
||
> Other guide is [here](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Tor_Browser_without_Tor#Disabling_Tor).
|
||
|
||
|
||
Let's talk about _other software's privacy_...
|
||
|
||
- If you really need to use Firefox, pick "[Firefox ESR](https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/organizations/)". ESR is developed for company and organizations, thus _some_ spyware code is disabled by default. Portable version is [here](https://portableapps.com/apps/internet/firefox-portable-esr). But we tell you, Firefox is [horrible for privacy](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/81om92/what_are_the_differences_between_privacytoolsio/dv4orve/) in [many ways](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/firefox.html).
|
||
|
||
- Remember, Mozilla is [using Cloudflare service](https://www.robtex.com/dns-lookup/www.mozilla.org). They're also using [Cloudflare's DNS service on their product](https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/03/21/mozilla_testing_dns_encryption/) D'oh!
|
||
|
||
- Mozilla officially [rejected this ticket](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1426618) and they [have](https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/9hh3gc/to_unsuspecting_admins_firefox_continues_to_send/) / [too](https://mashable.com/2017/12/16/mr-robot-looking-glass-mozilla-firefox-backlash/) / [many](https://ungleich.ch/en-us/cms/blog/2018/08/04/mozillas-new-dns-resolution-is-dangerous/) / [problems](https://blog.mozilla.org/addons/2019/05/04/update-regarding-add-ons-in-firefox/comment-page-6/#comment-226187). Want more? [Mozilla - Devil Incarnate](https://digdeeper.neocities.org/ghost/mozilla.html).
|
||
|
||
- "Firefox Focus"(Firefox Klar) [is a joke](https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/focus-android/issues/1743).
|
||
|
||
- PaleMoon developer [loves Cloudflare](https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/focus-android/issues/1743#issuecomment-345993097). Pale Moon's Archive Server [hacked and spread malware for 18 Months](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/cc808y/pale_moons_archive_server_hacked_and_spread/)!!
|
||
|
||
- Waterfox actively using [Cloudflare on their servers](https://www.digwebinterface.com/?hostnames=www.waterfoxproject.org&type=A&ns=resolver&useresolver=8.8.4.4&nameservers=) and their software have [severe "phones home" problem](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/waterfox.html).
|
||
|
||
- Chrome is a [spyware](https://www.gnu.org/proprietary/malware-google.en.html). Google [profiles your activity](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/chrome.html).
|
||
|
||
- SRWare Iron make too many [phones home connection](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/iron.html). It also connect to google domains.
|
||
|
||
- Brave Browser [whitelist Facebook/Twitter trackers](https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/facebook-twitter-trackers-whitelisted-by-brave-browser/). Here's [more issues](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/brave.html). Brave is stealing donations in the name of other people [without their consent](https://digdeeper.neocities.org/ghost/browsers.html#brave).
|
||
|
||
- Microsoft Edge lets Facebook [run Flash code behind users' backs](https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-edge-lets-facebook-run-flash-code-behind-users-backs/).
|
||
|
||
- Vivaldi [does not respect your privacy](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/vivaldi.html).
|
||
|
||
- Opera spyware level: [Extremely High](https://spyware.neocities.org/articles/opera.html)
|
||
|
||
Therefore we recommend above table only. Nothing else.
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
###### "Mozilla Firefox" user
|
||
|
||
- Don't use Firefox Nightly. It will send debug-level information to Mozilla servers without opt-out method. Mozilla servers are [behing Cloudflare](https://www.digwebinterface.com/?hostnames=www.mozilla.org%0D%0Amozilla.cloudflare-dns.com&type=&ns=resolver&useresolver=8.8.4.4&nameservers=).
|
||
|
||
- It is possible to prohibit Firefox to connect to Mozilla servers. Create a file "/distribution/policies.json". Mozilla's [policy-templates guide](https://github.com/mozilla/policy-templates/blob/master/README.md). Keep in mind this trick might stop working in later version because Mozilla likes to whitelist themselves. Use firewall and DNS filter to block them completely.
|
||
|
||
> "WebsiteFilter": {
|
||
> "Block": [
|
||
> "*://*.mozilla.com/*",
|
||
> "*://*.mozilla.net/*",
|
||
> "*://*.mozilla.org/*",
|
||
> "*://*.firefox.com/*",
|
||
> "*://*.thunderbird.net/*",
|
||
> "*://*.cloudflare.com/*"
|
||
> ]
|
||
> },
|
||
|
||
|
||
- ~~Report a bug on mozilla's tracker, telling them not to use Cloudflare/TRR.~~ There was a bug report on bugzilla. Many people were posted their concern, however the bug was hidden by the admin last year.
|
||
|
||
- To disable DOH, enter *about:config?filter=network.trr* in the address bar then set "*network.trr.mode*" to 5 to completely disable it. The value "5" [means "Off by choice"](https://gist.github.com/bagder/5e29101079e9ac78920ba2fc718aceec).
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
- If you would like to use non-ISP DNS, consider using [OpenNIC Tier2 DNS service](https://wiki.opennic.org/start)
|
||
 or any of non-Cloudflare DNS services.
|
||
|
||
- You can use Tor as DNS resolver. If you're not Tor expert, [ask question here](https://tor.stackexchange.com/).
|
||
|
||
> **How?**
|
||
> 1. Download [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) and install it on your computer.
|
||
> 2. Add this line to "torrc" file. [DNSPort description](https://www.torproject.org/docs/tor-manual.html.en).
|
||
> DNSPort 127.0.0.1:53
|
||
> 3. Restart Tor.
|
||
> 4. Set your computer's DNS server to "127.0.0.1".
|
||
|
||
- Tell us if you see [this functionality](https://ungleich.ch/en-us/cms/blog/2018/08/04/mozillas-new-dns-resolution-is-dangerous/) start to creep up beyond Firefox Nightly into more stable versions of Firefox.
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
###### Action
|
||
|
||
- Tell others around you about the dangers of Cloudflare. But don't talk with NSA employee; you'll be _definitely_ marked... just kidding!
|
||
|
||
- Help improve this repository, both the lists, the arguments against it and the details.
|
||
|
||
- Document and make very public where things go wrong with Cloudflare (and similar companies), making sure to mention this repository when you do so ;)
|
||
|
||
- Get more people using Tor by default so they can experience the web from the perspective of different parts of the world.
|
||
|
||
- Start groups, in social media and meatspace, dedicated to liberating the world from Cloudflare.
|
||
|
||
- Where appropriate, link to these groups on this repository - this can be a place for coordinating working together as groups.
|
||
|
||
- Start a coop that can provide a meaningful non corporate alternative to Cloudflare.
|
||
|
||
- Let us know of any alternatives to help at least provide multiple layered defence against Cloudflare.
|
||
|
||
- If you are a Cloudflare customer, set your privacy settings, and wait for them to violate them. Then bring them under [anti-spam / privacy violation charges](https://twitter.com/thexpaw/status/1108424723233419264).
|
||
|
||
- Try using [globalist](globalist.txt) to maintain this list.
|
||
|
||
- If you are in the **United States of America** and the website in question is a bank or an accountant, try to bring legal pressure under the [Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bliley_Act), or the [Americans with DIsabilities Act](https://www.ada.gov/cguide.htm) and report back to us how far you get.
|
||
|
||
- If the website is a government site, try to bring legal pressure under the [1st Amendment of the US Constitution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution).
|
||
|
||
- If you are EU citizen, contact the website to send your personal information under the [General Data Protection Regulation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation). If they refuse to give you your information, that's a violation of the law.
|
||
|
||
- For companies that claim to _offer service on their website_ try reporting them as "_false advertising_" to consumer protection organizations and BBB. Cloudflare websites are served by Cloudflare servers.
|
||
|
||
- The [ITU](https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/20181218/Documents/Geoff_Huston_Presentation.pdf) suggest in the US context that Cloudflare is starting to get big enough that antitrust law might be brought down upon them.
|
||
|
||
- It's conceivable that the GNU GPL v4 could include a provision against storing source code behind such a service, requiring for all GPLv4 and later programs that at least the source code is accessible via a medium that does not discriminate against tor users (or any other class of users or something?)
|
||
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
There is always hope in resistance.
|
||
|
||
Resistance is fertile.
|
||
|
||
Even some of the darker outcomes (unfriendly AI takeover, coopting of the www, NSA MiTMing everything)
|
||
comes to be, the very act of resistance trains us to continue to destabilize the
|
||
dystopic status quo that results.
|
||
|
||
Resist!
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Now, what did you do today?
|
||
|
||
|
||
 |