372 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
372 lines
15 KiB
Plaintext
<chapter id="running">
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<title>Running Wine</title>
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<para>
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Written by &name-john-sheets; <email>&email-john-sheets;</email>
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</para>
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<para>
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Extended by &name-mike-hearn; <email>&email-mike-hearn;</email>
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</para>
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<sect1 id="basic-usage">
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<title>Basic usage: applications and control panel applets</title>
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<para>
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Assuming you are using a fake windows installation, you install
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applications into Wine in the same way you would in Windows:
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by running the installer. You can just accept the defaults
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for where to install, most installers will default to "C:\Program Files",
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which is fine. If the application installer requests it, you may find that
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Wine creates icons on your desktop and in your app menu. If that happens, you
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can start the app by clicking on them.
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</para>
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<para>
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The standard way to uninstall things is for the application to provide an
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uninstaller, usually registered with the "Add/Remove Programs" control panel
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applet. Unfortunately as of the time of writing, Wine doesn't provide an
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Add/Remove control panel applet, so you'll have to run the uninstall manually, either
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from the menu or from the command line.
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</para>
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<para>
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Some programs install associated control panel applets, examples of this would be
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Internet Explorer and QuickTime. You can access the Wine control panel by running:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine control</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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which will open a window with the installed control panel applets in it, as in Windows.
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</para>
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<para>
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If the application doesn't install menu or desktop items, you'll need to run the app
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from the command line. Remembering where you installed to, something like:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine "c:\program files\appname\appname.exe"</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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will probably do the trick. The path isn't case sensitive, but remember to include the double quotes.
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Some programs don't always use obvious naming for their directories and EXE files, so you might have
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to look inside the program files directory to see what it put where
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="running-wine">
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<title>How to run Wine</title>
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<para>
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Wine is a very complicated piece of software with many ways to
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adjust how it runs. With very few exceptions, you can
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activate the same set of features through the <link
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linkend="configuring">configuration file </link> as you can
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with command-line parameters. In this chapter, we'll briefly
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discuss these parameters, and match them up with their
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corresponding configuration variables.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can invoke the <command>wine --help</command> command to
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get a listing of all Wine's command-line parameters:
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</para>
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<para>
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<screen>
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Usage: ./wine [options] program_name [arguments]
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Options:
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--debugmsg name Turn debugging-messages on or off
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--dll name Enable or disable built-in DLLs
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--help,-h Show this help message
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--version,-v Display the Wine version
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</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify as many options as you want, if any.
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Typically, you will want to have your configuration file set
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up with a sensible set of defaults; in this case, you can run
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<command>wine</command> without explicitly listing any
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options. In rare cases, you might want to override certain
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parameters on the command line.
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</para>
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<para>
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After the options, you should put the name of the file you
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want <command>wine</command> to execute. If the executable is
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in the <parameter>Path</parameter> parameter in the
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configuration file, you can simply give the executable file
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name. However, if the executable is not in
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<parameter>Path</parameter>, you must give the full path to
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the executable (in Windows format, not UNIX format!). For
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example, given a <parameter>Path</parameter> of the following:
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</para>
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<screen>
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[wine]
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"Path"="c:\\windows;c:\\windows\\system;e:\\;e:\\test;f:\\"
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</screen>
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<para>
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You could run the file
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<filename>c:\windows\system\foo.exe</filename> with:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine foo.exe</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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However, you would have to run the file
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<filename>c:\myapps\foo.exe</filename> with this command:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine c:\\myapps\\foo.exe</userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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(note the backslash-escaped "\" !)
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</para>
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<para>
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If you want to run a console program (aka a CUI executable), use
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<command>wineconsole</command> instead of <command>wine</command>
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to start it. It will display the program in a separate Window
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(this requires X11 to be run). If you don't, you'll still be able
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to run your program directly in the Unix console where you started it,
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but with very limited capacities (so your program might work,
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but your mileage may vary). This shall be improved in the future.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="command-line-options">
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<title>Command-Line Options</title>
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<sect2 id="config-parameter">
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<title>--debugmsg [channels]</title>
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<para>
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Wine isn't perfect, and many Windows applications still
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don't run without bugs under Wine (but then, a lot of programs
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don't run without bugs under native Windows either!). To
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make it easier for people to track down the causes behind
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each bug, Wine provides a number of <firstterm>debug
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channels</firstterm> that you can tap into.
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</para>
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<para>
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Each debug channel, when activated, will trigger logging
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messages to be displayed to the console where you invoked
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<command>wine</command>. From there you can redirect the
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messages to a file and examine it at your leisure. But be
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forewarned! Some debug channels can generate incredible
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volumes of log messages. Among the most prolific offenders
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are <parameter>relay</parameter> which spits out a log
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message every time a win32 function is called,
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<parameter>win</parameter> which tracks windows message
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passing, and of course <parameter>all</parameter> which is
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an alias for every single debug channel that exists. For a
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complex application, your debug logs can easily top 1 MB and
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higher. A <parameter>relay</parameter> trace can often
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generate more than 10 MB of log messages, depending on how
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long you run the application. (As described in the
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<link linkend = "config-debug-etc">Debug</link>
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section of configuring wine you can
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modify what the <parameter>relay</parameter> trace reports).
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Logging does slow down Wine
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quite a bit, so don't use <parameter>--debugmsg</parameter>
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unless you really do want log files.
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</para>
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<para>
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Within each debug channel, you can further specify a
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<firstterm>message class</firstterm>, to filter out the
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different severities of errors. The four message classes
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are:
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<simplelist type="inline">
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<member><parameter>trace</parameter></member>
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<member><parameter>fixme</parameter></member>
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<member><parameter>warn</parameter></member>
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<member><parameter>err</parameter></member>
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</simplelist>.
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</para>
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<para>
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To turn on a debug channel, use the form
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<parameter>class+channel</parameter>. To turn it off, use
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<parameter>class-channel</parameter>. To list more than one
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channel in the same <parameter>--debugmsg</parameter>
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option, separate them with commas. For example, to request
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<parameter>warn</parameter> class messages in the
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<parameter>heap</parameter> debug channel, you could invoke
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<command>wine</command> like this:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine --debugmsg warn+heap <replaceable>program_name</replaceable></userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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If you leave off the message class, <command>wine</command>
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will display messages from all four classes for that channel:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine --debugmsg +heap <replaceable>program_name</replaceable></userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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If you wanted to see log messages for everything except the
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relay channel, you might do something like this:
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</para>
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine --debugmsg +all,-relay <replaceable>program_name</replaceable></userinput>
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</screen>
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<para>
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Here is a master list of all the debug channels and classes
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in Wine. More channels will be added to (or subtracted
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from) later versions.
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</para>
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<table frame="none"><title>Debug Channels</title>
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<tgroup cols=5 align="left">
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<tbody>
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<row><entry>
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all</><entry>accel</><entry>advapi</><entry>animate</><entry>aspi</>
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</row><row><entry>
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atom</><entry>avifile</><entry> bitblt</><entry> bitmap</><entry> caret</>
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</row><row><entry>
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cdrom</><entry>class</><entry> clipboard</><entry> clipping</><entry>combo</>
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</row><row><entry>
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comboex</><entry> comm</><entry>commctrl</><entry>commdlg</><entry> console</>
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</row><row><entry>
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crtdll</><entry>cursor</><entry>datetime</><entry>dc</><entry> ddeml</>
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</row><row><entry>
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ddraw</><entry> debug</><entry> debugstr</><entry>delayhlp</><entry>dialog</>
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</row><row><entry>
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dinput</><entry>dll</><entry> dosfs</><entry>dosmem</><entry>dplay</>
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</row><row><entry>
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driver</><entry>dsound</><entry>edit</><entry>elfdll</><entry>enhmetafile</>
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</row><row><entry>
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event</><entry>exec</><entry>file</><entry>fixup</><entry>font</>
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</row><row><entry>
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gdi</><entry> global</><entry>graphics</><entry> header</><entry>heap</>
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</row><row><entry>
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hook</><entry>hotkey</><entry>icmp</><entry>icon</><entry>imagehlp</>
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</row><row><entry>
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imagelist</><entry> imm</><entry>int</><entry>int10</><entry>int16</>
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</row><row><entry>
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int17</><entry>int19</><entry>int21</><entry>int31</><entry> io</>
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</row><row><entry>
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ipaddress</><entry>joystick</><entry>key</><entry>keyboard</><entry>loaddll</>
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</row><row><entry>
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ldt</><entry>listbox</><entry>listview</><entry>local</><entry>mci</>
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</row><row><entry>
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mcianim</><entry>mciavi</><entry>mcicda</><entry>mcimidi</><entry>mciwave</>
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</row><row><entry>
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mdi</><entry>menu</><entry>message</><entry>metafile</><entry>midi</>
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</row><row><entry>
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mmaux</><entry>mmio</><entry>mmsys</><entry>mmtime</><entry>module</>
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</row><row><entry>
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monthcal</><entry>mpr</><entry>msacm</><entry>msg</><entry>msvideo</>
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</row><row><entry>
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nativefont</><entry>nonclient</><entry>ntdll</><entry>odbc</><entry>ole</>
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</row><row><entry>
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opengl</><entry>pager</><entry>palette</><entry>pidl</><entry>print</>
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</row><row><entry>
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process</><entry>profile</><entry>progress</><entry>prop</><entry>propsheet</>
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</row><row><entry>
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psapi</><entry>psdrv</><entry>ras</><entry>rebar</><entry>reg</>
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</row><row><entry>
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region</><entry>relay</><entry>resource</><entry>richedit</><entry>scroll</>
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</row><row><entry>
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segment</><entry>seh</><entry>selector</><entry>sendmsg</><entry>server</>
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</row><row><entry>
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setupapi</><entry>setupx</><entry>shell</><entry>snoop</><entry>sound</>
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</row><row><entry>
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static</><entry>statusbar</><entry>storage</><entry>stress</><entry>string</>
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</row><row><entry>
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syscolor</><entry>system</><entry>tab</><entry>tape</><entry>tapi</>
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</row><row><entry>
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task</><entry>text</><entry>thread</><entry>thunk</><entry>timer</>
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</row><row><entry>
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toolbar</><entry>toolhelp</><entry>tooltips</><entry>trackbar</><entry>treeview</>
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</row><row><entry>
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ttydrv</><entry>tweak</><entry>typelib</><entry>updown</><entry>ver</>
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</row><row><entry>
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virtual</><entry>vxd</><entry>wave</><entry>win</><entry>win16drv</>
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</row><row><entry>
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win32</><entry>winedbg</><entry>wing</><entry>wininet</><entry>winsock</>
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</row><row><entry>
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winspool</><entry>wnet</><entry>x11</>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</table>
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<para>
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For more details about debug channels, check out the
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<ulink url="http://wine.codeweavers.com/docs/wine-devel/">
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The Wine Developer's Guide</ulink>.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>--dll</title>
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<para>
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Specifies whether to load the builtin or the native (if
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available) version of a DLL.
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Example:
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<screen>
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<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>wine --dll setupx=n foo.exe</userinput>
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</screen>
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See the <link linkend="dll-config">DLL chapter</link> for more details.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>--help</title>
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<para>
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Shows a small command line help page.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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<title>--version</title>
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<para>
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Shows the Wine version string. Useful to verify your installation.
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</para>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="environment-variables">
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<title>Setting Windows/DOS environment variables</title>
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<para>
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Your program might require some environment variable to be set
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properly in order to run successfully.
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In this case you need to set this environment variable in the
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Linux shell, since Wine will pass on the entire shell environment
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variable settings to the Windows environment variable space.
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Example for the bash shell (other shells may have a different syntax
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!):
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<screen>
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export MYENVIRONMENTVAR=myenvironmentvarsetting
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</screen>
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This will make sure your Windows program can access the
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MYENVIRONMENTVAR environment variable once you start your program
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using Wine.
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If you want to have MYENVIRONMENTVAR set permanently, then you can
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place the setting into /etc/profile, or also ~/.bashrc in the case of
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bash.
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</para>
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<para>
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Note however that there is an exception to the rule:
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If you want to change the PATH environment variable, then of
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course you can't modify it that way, since this will alter the
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Unix PATH environment setting. Instead, you should set the
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WINEPATH environment variable. An alternative way to
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indicate the content of the DOS PATH environment variable would
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be to change the "path" setting in the wine config file's <link
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linkend="config-wine">[wine]</link> section.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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</chapter>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-parent-document:("wine-doc.sgml" "set" "book" "chapter" "")
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End:
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-->
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