341 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
341 lines
14 KiB
Plaintext
<chapter id="getting-wine">
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<title>Getting Wine</title>
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<sect1>
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<title>The Many Forms of Wine</title>
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<para>
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The standard Wine distribution includes quite a few different
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executables, libraries, and configuration files. All of these
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must be set up properly for Wine to work well. This chapter
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will guide you through the necessary steps to get Wine
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installed on your system.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you are running a distribution of Linux that uses packages
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to keep track of installed software, you may be in luck: A
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prepackaged version of Wine may already exist for your system.
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The first three sections will tell you how to find the latest
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Wine packages and get them installed. You should be careful,
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though, about mixing packages between different distributions,
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and even from different versions of the same distribution.
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Often a package will only work on the distribution it's
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compiled for. We'll cover <link
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linkend="getting-dist-debian">Debian</link>, <link
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linkend="getting-dist-redhat">Redhat</link>, and <link
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linkend="getting-dist-other">other</link> distributions.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you're not lucky enough to have a package available for
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your operating system, or if you'd prefer a newer version of
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Wine than already exists as a package, you may have to
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download the Wine source code and compile it yourself on your
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own machine. Don't worry, it's not too hard to do this,
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especially with the many helpful tools that come with Wine.
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You don't need any programming experience to compile and
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install Wine, although it might be nice to have some minor
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UNIX administrative skills. We'll cover how to retrieve and
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compile the official source releases from the <link
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linkend="getting-source-ftp">FTP archives</link>, and also how
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to get the cutting edge up-to-the-minute fresh Wine source
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code from <link linkend="getting-source-cvs">CVS (Concurrent
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Versions System)</link>. Both processes of source code
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installation are similar, and once you master one, you should
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have no trouble dealing with the other one.
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</para>
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<para>
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Finally, you may someday need to know how to apply a source
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code patch to your version of Wine. Perhaps you've uncovered
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a bug in Wine, reported it to the <ulink
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url="mailto:wine-devel@winehq.com">Wine mailing list</ulink>,
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and received a patch from a developer to hopefully fix the
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bug. The last section in this chapter will show you how to
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<link linkend="getting-upgrading">safely apply the
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patch</link> and revert it if the patch doesn't work.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-dist-debian">
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<title>Getting Wine for a Debian System</title>
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<para>
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In most cases on a Debian system, you can install Wine with a
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single command, as root:
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</para>
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<screen>
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# apt-get install wine
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</screen>
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<para>
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<command>apt-get</command> will connect to a Debian archive
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across the Internet (thus, you must be online), then download
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the Wine package and install it on your system. End of story.
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</para>
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<para>
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Of course, Debian's pre-packaged version of Wine may not be the
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most recent release. If you are running the stable version of
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Debian, you may be able to get a slightly newer version of Wine
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by grabbing the package from the unstable distribution, although
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this may be a little risky, depending on how far the unstable
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distribution has diverged from the stable one. You can find a
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list of Wine binary packages for the various Debian releases
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using the package search engine at <ulink url="http://www.debian.org">
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www.debian.org</ulink>.
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</para>
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<para>
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To install a package that's not part of your distribution, you
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must use <command>dpkg</command> instead of
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<command>apt-get</command>. Since <command>dpkg</command>
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doesn't download the file for you, you must do it yourself.
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Follow the link on the package search engine to the desired
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package, then click on the <guibutton>Go To Download
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Page</guibutton> button and follow the instructions. Save the
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file to your hard drive, then run <command>dpkg</command> on it.
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For example, if you saved the file to your home directory, you
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might perform the following actions to install it:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ su -
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<emphasis><Type in root password></emphasis>
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# cd /home/user
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# dpkg -i wine_0.0.20000109-3.deb
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</screen>
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<para>
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You may also want to install the
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<systemitem>wine-doc</systemitem> package, and if you are
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using Wine from the 2.3 distribution (Woody), the
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<systemitem>wine-utils</systemitem> package as well.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-dist-redhat">
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<title>Getting Wine for a Redhat System</title>
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<para>
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Redhat/RPM users can use <ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/">
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rpmfind.net</ulink> to track down available Wine RPM binaries.
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<ulink url="http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/WByName.html"> This
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page</ulink> contains a list of all rpmfind packages that start with
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the letter "W", including a few Wine packages
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</para>
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<!-- *** Should really flesh this out more! Any Redhat-running
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*** volunteers?
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-->
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-dist-other">
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<title>Getting Wine for Other Distributions</title>
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<para>
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The first place you should look if your system isn't Debian or
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Redhat is the <ulink
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url="http://www.winehq.com/download/">WineHQ Download
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Page</ulink>. This page lists many assorted archives of
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binary (precompiled) Wine files.
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</para>
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<para>
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<ulink url="http://ftpsearch.lycos.com/?form=medium">
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Lycos FTPSearch</ulink> is another useful resource for
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tracking down miscellaneous distribution packages.
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</para>
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<!-- *** Add other distributions, e.g., Mandrake, SUSE, Slackware *** -->
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-source-ftp">
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<title>Getting Wine Source Code from the FTP Archive</title>
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<para>
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If the version of Wine you want does not exist in package form,
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you can download the source code yourself and compile it on your
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machine. Although this might seem a little intimidating at
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first if you've never done it, you'll find that it'll often go
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quite smoothly, especially on the newer Linux distributions.
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</para>
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<para>
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The safest way to grab the source is from one of the official
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FTP archives. An up to date listing is in the <ulink
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url="http://www.winehq.com/source/ANNOUNCE">ANNOUNCE</ulink>
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file in the Wine distribution (which you would have if you
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already downloaded it). Here is a (possibly out of date) list
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of FTP servers carrying Wine:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<ulink url="ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/ALPHA/wine/development/">
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ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/ALPHA/wine/development/
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</ulink>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<ulink url="ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/ALPHA/wine/development/">
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ftp://ftp.infomagic.com/pub/mirrors/linux/sunsite/ALPHA/wine/development/
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</ulink>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<ulink url="ftp://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/Linux/sunsite.unc.edu/ALPHA/wine/development/">
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ftp://sunsite.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/pub/Linux/sunsite.unc.edu/ALPHA/wine/development/
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</ulink>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<ulink url="ftp://orcus.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/Wine/development/">
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ftp://orcus.progsoc.uts.edu.au/pub/Wine/development/
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</ulink>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>
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The official releases are tagged by date with the format
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"Wine-YYYYMMDD.tar.gz". Your best bet is to grab the latest
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one.
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</para>
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<para>
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FIXME: Explain how to un-tar, compile, and install Wine from a tarball.
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</para>
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<para></para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-source-cvs">
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<title>Getting Wine Source Code from CVS</title>
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<para>
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The official web page for Wine CVS is
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<ulink url="http://www.winehq.com/development/">
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http://www.winehq.com/development/</ulink>.
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</para>
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<para>
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First, you need to get a copy of the latest Wine sources
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using CVS. You can tell it where to find the source tree by
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setting the <envar>CVSROOT</envar> environment variable. You
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also have to log in anonymously to the wine CVS server. In
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<command>bash</command>, it might look something like this:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ export CVSROOT=:pserver:cvs@cvs.winehq.com:/home/wine
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$ cvs login
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Password: cvs
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$ cvs checkout wine
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</screen>
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<para>
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That'll pull down the entire Wine source tree from
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winehq.com and place it in the current directory (actually
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in the 'wine' subdirectory). CVS has a million command line
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parameters, so there are many ways to pull down files, from
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anywhere in the revision history. Later, you can grab just
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the updates:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ cvs -PAd update
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</screen>
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<para>
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<command>cvs update</command> works from inside the source tree.
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You don't need the <envar>CVSROOT</envar> environment variable
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to run it either. You just have to be inside the source tree.
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The <parameter>-P</parameter>, <parameter>-A</parameter> and <parameter>-d</parameter>
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options make sure your local Wine tree directory structure stays
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in sync with the remote repository.
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</para>
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<para>
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After you've made changes, you can create a patch with
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<command>cvs diff -u</command>, which sends output to stdout
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(the <parameter>-u</parameter> controls the format of the
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patch). So, to create an <filename>my_patch.diff</filename>
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file, you would do this:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ cvs diff -u > my_patch.diff
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</screen>
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<para>
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You can call <command>cvs diff</command> from anywhere in the
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tree (just like <command>cvs update</command>), and it will
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always grab recursively from that point. You can also specify
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single files or subdirectories:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ cvs diff -u dlls/winaspi > my_aspi_patch.diff
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</screen>
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<para>
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Experiment around a little. It's fairly intuitive.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="getting-upgrading">
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<title>Upgrading Wine with a Patch</title>
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<para>
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If you have the Wine source code, as opposed to a binary
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distribution, you have the option of applying patches to the
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source tree to fix bugs and add experimental features.
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Perhaps you've found a bug, reported it to the <ulink
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url="mailto:wine-devel@winehq.com">Wine mailing list</ulink>,
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and received a patch file to fix the bug. You can apply the
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patch with the <command>patch</command> command, which takes a
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streamed patch from <filename>stdin</filename>:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ cd wine
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$ patch -p0 < ../patch_to_apply.diff
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</screen>
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<para>
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To remove the patch, use the <parameter>-R</parameter> option:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ patch -p0 -R < ../patch_to_apply.diff
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</screen>
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<para>
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If you want to do a test run to see if the patch will apply
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successfully (e.g., if the patch was created from an older or
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newer version of the tree), you can use the
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<parameter>--dry-run</parameter> parameter to run the patch
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without writing to any files:
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</para>
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<screen>
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$ patch -p0 --dry-run < ../patch_to_apply.diff
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</screen>
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<para>
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<command>patch</command> is pretty smart about extracting
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patches from the middle of a file, so if you save an email with
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an inlined patch to a file on your hard drive, you can invoke
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patch on it without stripping out the email headers and other
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text. <command>patch</command> ignores everything that doesn't
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look like a patch.
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</para>
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<para>
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The <parameter>-p0</parameter> option to <command>patch</command>
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tells it to keep the full file name from the patch file. For example,
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if the file name in the patch file was
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<filename>wine/programs/clock/main.c</filename>.
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Setting the <parameter>-p0</parameter> option would apply the patch
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to the file of the same name i.e.
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<filename>wine/programs/clock/main.c </filename>.
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Setting the <parameter>-p1</parameter> option would strip off the
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first part of the file name and apply
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the patch instead to <filename>programs/clock/main.c </filename>.
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The <parameter>-p1</parameter> option would be useful if you named
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your top level wine directory differently to the person who sent you
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the patch. For the <parameter>-p1</parameter> option
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<command>patch</command> should be run from the top level wine directory.
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</para>
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</sect1>
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</chapter>
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<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
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Local variables:
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mode: sgml
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sgml-parent-document:("wine-doc.sgml" "set" "book" "chapter" "")
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End:
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-->
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