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Sweden-Number/loader/preloader_mac.c

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/*
* Preloader for macOS
*
* Copyright (C) 1995,96,97,98,99,2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
* Copyright (C) 2004 Mike McCormack for CodeWeavers
* Copyright (C) 2004 Alexandre Julliard
* Copyright (C) 2017 Michael Müller
* Copyright (C) 2017 Sebastian Lackner
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
*/
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include "config.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
# include <sys/mman.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SYSCALL_H
# include <sys/syscall.h>
#endif
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#ifdef HAVE_MACH_O_LOADER_H
#include <mach/thread_status.h>
#include <mach-o/loader.h>
#include <mach-o/ldsyms.h>
#endif
#include "wine/asm.h"
#include "main.h"
/* Rosetta on Apple Silicon allocates memory starting at 0x100000000 (the 4GB line)
* before the preloader runs, which prevents any nonrelocatable EXEs with that
* base address from running.
*
* This empty linker section forces Rosetta's allocations (currently ~132 MB)
* to start at 0x114000000, and they should end below 0x120000000.
*/
#if defined(__x86_64__)
__asm__(".zerofill WINE_4GB_RESERVE,WINE_4GB_RESERVE,___wine_4gb_reserve,0x14000000");
#endif
#ifndef LC_MAIN
#define LC_MAIN 0x80000028
struct entry_point_command
{
uint32_t cmd;
uint32_t cmdsize;
uint64_t entryoff;
uint64_t stacksize;
};
#endif
static struct wine_preload_info preload_info[] =
{
/* On macOS, we allocate the low 64k area in two steps because PAGEZERO
* might not always be available. */
#ifdef __i386__
{ (void *)0x00000000, 0x00001000 }, /* first page */
{ (void *)0x00001000, 0x0000f000 }, /* low 64k */
{ (void *)0x00010000, 0x00100000 }, /* DOS area */
{ (void *)0x00110000, 0x67ef0000 }, /* low memory area */
{ (void *)0x7f000000, 0x03000000 }, /* top-down allocations + shared heap + virtual heap */
#else /* __i386__ */
{ (void *)0x000000010000, 0x00100000 }, /* DOS area */
{ (void *)0x000000110000, 0x67ef0000 }, /* low memory area */
{ (void *)0x00007ff00000, 0x000f0000 }, /* shared user data */
{ (void *)0x000100000000, 0x14000000 }, /* WINE_4GB_RESERVE section */
{ (void *)0x7ffd00000000, 0x01ff0000 }, /* top-down allocations + virtual heap */
#endif /* __i386__ */
{ 0, 0 }, /* PE exe range set with WINEPRELOADRESERVE */
{ 0, 0 } /* end of list */
};
/*
* These functions are only called when file is compiled with -fstack-protector.
* They are normally provided by libc's startup files, but since we
* build the preloader with "-nostartfiles -nodefaultlibs", we have to
* provide our own versions, otherwise the linker fails.
*/
void *__stack_chk_guard = 0;
void __stack_chk_fail_local(void) { return; }
void __stack_chk_fail(void) { return; }
#ifdef __i386__
static const size_t page_size = 0x1000;
static const size_t page_mask = 0xfff;
#define target_mach_header mach_header
#define target_segment_command segment_command
#define TARGET_LC_SEGMENT LC_SEGMENT
#define target_thread_state_t i386_thread_state_t
#ifdef __DARWIN_UNIX03
#define target_thread_ip(x) (x)->__eip
#else
#define target_thread_ip(x) (x)->eip
#endif
#define SYSCALL_FUNC( name, nr ) \
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( name, \
"\tmovl $" #nr ",%eax\n" \
"\tint $0x80\n" \
"\tjnb 1f\n" \
"\tmovl $-1,%eax\n" \
"1:\tret\n" )
#define SYSCALL_NOERR( name, nr ) \
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( name, \
"\tmovl $" #nr ",%eax\n" \
"\tint $0x80\n" \
"\tret\n" )
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( start,
__ASM_CFI("\t.cfi_undefined %eip\n")
/* The first 16 bytes are used as a function signature on i386 */
"\t.byte 0x6a,0x00\n" /* pushl $0 */
"\t.byte 0x89,0xe5\n" /* movl %esp,%ebp */
"\t.byte 0x83,0xe4,0xf0\n" /* andl $-16,%esp */
"\t.byte 0x83,0xec,0x10\n" /* subl $16,%esp */
"\t.byte 0x8b,0x5d,0x04\n" /* movl 4(%ebp),%ebx */
"\t.byte 0x89,0x5c,0x24,0x00\n" /* movl %ebx,0(%esp) */
"\tleal 4(%ebp),%eax\n"
"\tmovl %eax,0(%esp)\n" /* stack */
"\tleal 8(%esp),%eax\n"
"\tmovl %eax,4(%esp)\n" /* &is_unix_thread */
"\tmovl $0,(%eax)\n"
"\tcall _wld_start\n"
"\tmovl 4(%ebp),%edi\n"
"\tdecl %edi\n" /* argc */
"\tleal 12(%ebp),%esi\n" /* argv */
"\tleal 4(%esi,%edi,4),%edx\n" /* env */
"\tmovl %edx,%ecx\n" /* apple data */
"1:\tmovl (%ecx),%ebx\n"
"\tadd $4,%ecx\n"
"\torl %ebx,%ebx\n"
"\tjnz 1b\n"
"\tcmpl $0,8(%esp)\n"
"\tjne 2f\n"
/* LC_MAIN */
"\tmovl %edi,0(%esp)\n" /* argc */
"\tmovl %esi,4(%esp)\n" /* argv */
"\tmovl %edx,8(%esp)\n" /* env */
"\tmovl %ecx,12(%esp)\n" /* apple data */
"\tcall *%eax\n"
"\tmovl %eax,(%esp)\n"
"\tcall _wld_exit\n"
"\thlt\n"
/* LC_UNIXTHREAD */
"2:\tmovl (%ecx),%ebx\n"
"\tadd $4,%ecx\n"
"\torl %ebx,%ebx\n"
"\tjnz 2b\n"
"\tsubl %ebp,%ecx\n"
"\tsubl $8,%ecx\n"
"\tleal 4(%ebp),%esp\n"
"\tsubl %ecx,%esp\n"
"\tmovl %edi,(%esp)\n" /* argc */
"\tleal 4(%esp),%edi\n"
"\tshrl $2,%ecx\n"
"\tcld\n"
"\trep; movsd\n" /* argv, ... */
"\tmovl $0,%ebp\n"
"\tjmpl *%eax\n" )
#elif defined(__x86_64__)
static const size_t page_size = 0x1000;
static const size_t page_mask = 0xfff;
#define target_mach_header mach_header_64
#define target_segment_command segment_command_64
#define TARGET_LC_SEGMENT LC_SEGMENT_64
#define target_thread_state_t x86_thread_state64_t
#ifdef __DARWIN_UNIX03
#define target_thread_ip(x) (x)->__rip
#else
#define target_thread_ip(x) (x)->rip
#endif
#define SYSCALL_FUNC( name, nr ) \
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( name, \
"\tmovq %rcx, %r10\n" \
"\tmovq $(" #nr "|0x2000000),%rax\n" \
"\tsyscall\n" \
"\tjnb 1f\n" \
"\tmovq $-1,%rax\n" \
"1:\tret\n" )
#define SYSCALL_NOERR( name, nr ) \
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( name, \
"\tmovq %rcx, %r10\n" \
"\tmovq $(" #nr "|0x2000000),%rax\n" \
"\tsyscall\n" \
"\tret\n" )
__ASM_GLOBAL_FUNC( start,
__ASM_CFI("\t.cfi_undefined %rip\n")
"\tpushq $0\n"
"\tmovq %rsp,%rbp\n"
"\tandq $-16,%rsp\n"
"\tsubq $16,%rsp\n"
"\tleaq 8(%rbp),%rdi\n" /* stack */
"\tmovq %rsp,%rsi\n" /* &is_unix_thread */
"\tmovq $0,(%rsi)\n"
"\tcall _wld_start\n"
"\tmovq 8(%rbp),%rdi\n"
"\tdec %rdi\n" /* argc */
"\tleaq 24(%rbp),%rsi\n" /* argv */
"\tleaq 8(%rsi,%rdi,8),%rdx\n" /* env */
"\tmovq %rdx,%rcx\n" /* apple data */
"1:\tmovq (%rcx),%r8\n"
"\taddq $8,%rcx\n"
"\torq %r8,%r8\n"
"\tjnz 1b\n"
"\tcmpl $0,0(%rsp)\n"
"\tjne 2f\n"
/* LC_MAIN */
"\taddq $16,%rsp\n"
"\tcall *%rax\n"
"\tmovq %rax,%rdi\n"
"\tcall _wld_exit\n"
"\thlt\n"
/* LC_UNIXTHREAD */
"2:\tmovq (%rcx),%r8\n"
"\taddq $8,%rcx\n"
"\torq %r8,%r8\n"
"\tjnz 2b\n"
"\tsubq %rbp,%rcx\n"
"\tsubq $16,%rcx\n"
"\tleaq 8(%rbp),%rsp\n"
"\tsubq %rcx,%rsp\n"
"\tmovq %rdi,(%rsp)\n" /* argc */
"\tleaq 8(%rsp),%rdi\n"
"\tshrq $3,%rcx\n"
"\tcld\n"
"\trep; movsq\n" /* argv, ... */
"\tmovq $0,%rbp\n"
"\tjmpq *%rax\n" )
#else
#error preloader not implemented for this CPU
#endif
void wld_exit( int code ) __attribute__((noreturn));
SYSCALL_NOERR( wld_exit, 1 /* SYS_exit */ );
ssize_t wld_write( int fd, const void *buffer, size_t len );
SYSCALL_FUNC( wld_write, 4 /* SYS_write */ );
void *wld_mmap( void *start, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset );
SYSCALL_FUNC( wld_mmap, 197 /* SYS_mmap */ );
void *wld_munmap( void *start, size_t len );
SYSCALL_FUNC( wld_munmap, 73 /* SYS_munmap */ );
int wld_mincore( void *addr, size_t length, unsigned char *vec );
SYSCALL_FUNC( wld_mincore, 78 /* SYS_mincore */ );
static intptr_t (*p_dyld_get_image_slide)( const struct target_mach_header* mh );
#define MAKE_FUNCPTR(f) static typeof(f) * p##f
MAKE_FUNCPTR(dlopen);
MAKE_FUNCPTR(dlsym);
MAKE_FUNCPTR(dladdr);
#undef MAKE_FUNCPTR
extern int _dyld_func_lookup( const char *dyld_func_name, void **address );
/* replacement for libc functions */
static int wld_strncmp( const char *str1, const char *str2, size_t len )
{
if (len <= 0) return 0;
while ((--len > 0) && *str1 && (*str1 == *str2)) { str1++; str2++; }
return *str1 - *str2;
}
/*
* wld_printf - just the basics
*
* %x prints a hex number
* %s prints a string
* %p prints a pointer
*/
static int wld_vsprintf(char *buffer, const char *fmt, va_list args )
{
static const char hex_chars[16] = "0123456789abcdef";
const char *p = fmt;
char *str = buffer;
int i;
while( *p )
{
if( *p == '%' )
{
p++;
if( *p == 'x' )
{
unsigned int x = va_arg( args, unsigned int );
for (i = 2*sizeof(x) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
*str++ = hex_chars[(x>>(i*4))&0xf];
}
else if (p[0] == 'l' && p[1] == 'x')
{
unsigned long x = va_arg( args, unsigned long );
for (i = 2*sizeof(x) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
*str++ = hex_chars[(x>>(i*4))&0xf];
p++;
}
else if( *p == 'p' )
{
unsigned long x = (unsigned long)va_arg( args, void * );
for (i = 2*sizeof(x) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
*str++ = hex_chars[(x>>(i*4))&0xf];
}
else if( *p == 's' )
{
char *s = va_arg( args, char * );
while(*s)
*str++ = *s++;
}
else if( *p == 0 )
break;
p++;
}
*str++ = *p++;
}
*str = 0;
return str - buffer;
}
static __attribute__((format(printf,1,2))) void wld_printf(const char *fmt, ... )
{
va_list args;
char buffer[256];
int len;
va_start( args, fmt );
len = wld_vsprintf(buffer, fmt, args );
va_end( args );
wld_write(2, buffer, len);
}
static __attribute__((noreturn,format(printf,1,2))) void fatal_error(const char *fmt, ... )
{
va_list args;
char buffer[256];
int len;
va_start( args, fmt );
len = wld_vsprintf(buffer, fmt, args );
va_end( args );
wld_write(2, buffer, len);
wld_exit(1);
}
static int preloader_overlaps_range( const void *start, const void *end )
{
intptr_t slide = p_dyld_get_image_slide(&_mh_execute_header);
struct load_command *cmd = (struct load_command*)(&_mh_execute_header + 1);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < _mh_execute_header.ncmds; ++i)
{
if (cmd->cmd == TARGET_LC_SEGMENT)
{
struct target_segment_command *seg = (struct target_segment_command*)cmd;
const void *seg_start = (const void*)(seg->vmaddr + slide);
const void *seg_end = (const char*)seg_start + seg->vmsize;
static const char reserved_segname[] = "WINE_4GB_RESERVE";
if (!wld_strncmp( seg->segname, reserved_segname, sizeof(reserved_segname)-1 ))
continue;
if (end > seg_start && start <= seg_end)
{
char segname[sizeof(seg->segname) + 1];
memcpy(segname, seg->segname, sizeof(seg->segname));
segname[sizeof(segname) - 1] = 0;
wld_printf( "WINEPRELOADRESERVE range %p-%p overlaps preloader %s segment %p-%p\n",
start, end, segname, seg_start, seg_end );
return 1;
}
}
cmd = (struct load_command*)((char*)cmd + cmd->cmdsize);
}
return 0;
}
/*
* preload_reserve
*
* Reserve a range specified in string format
*/
static void preload_reserve( const char *str )
{
const char *p;
unsigned long result = 0;
void *start = NULL, *end = NULL;
int i, first = 1;
for (p = str; *p; p++)
{
if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') result = result * 16 + *p - '0';
else if (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'f') result = result * 16 + *p - 'a' + 10;
else if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'F') result = result * 16 + *p - 'A' + 10;
else if (*p == '-')
{
if (!first) goto error;
start = (void *)(result & ~page_mask);
result = 0;
first = 0;
}
else goto error;
}
if (!first) end = (void *)((result + page_mask) & ~page_mask);
else if (result) goto error; /* single value '0' is allowed */
/* sanity checks */
if (end <= start || preloader_overlaps_range(start, end))
start = end = NULL;
/* check for overlap with low memory areas */
for (i = 0; preload_info[i].size; i++)
{
if ((char *)preload_info[i].addr > (char *)0x00110000) break;
if ((char *)end <= (char *)preload_info[i].addr + preload_info[i].size)
{
start = end = NULL;
break;
}
if ((char *)start < (char *)preload_info[i].addr + preload_info[i].size)
start = (char *)preload_info[i].addr + preload_info[i].size;
}
while (preload_info[i].size) i++;
preload_info[i].addr = start;
preload_info[i].size = (char *)end - (char *)start;
return;
error:
fatal_error( "invalid WINEPRELOADRESERVE value '%s'\n", str );
}
/* remove a range from the preload list */
static void remove_preload_range( int i )
{
while (preload_info[i].size)
{
preload_info[i].addr = preload_info[i+1].addr;
preload_info[i].size = preload_info[i+1].size;
i++;
}
}
static void *get_entry_point( struct target_mach_header *mh, intptr_t slide, int *unix_thread )
{
struct entry_point_command *entry;
target_thread_state_t *state;
struct load_command *cmd;
int i;
/* try LC_MAIN first */
cmd = (struct load_command *)(mh + 1);
for (i = 0; i < mh->ncmds; i++)
{
if (cmd->cmd == LC_MAIN)
{
*unix_thread = FALSE;
entry = (struct entry_point_command *)cmd;
return (char *)mh + entry->entryoff;
}
cmd = (struct load_command *)((char *)cmd + cmd->cmdsize);
}
/* then try LC_UNIXTHREAD */
cmd = (struct load_command *)(mh + 1);
for (i = 0; i < mh->ncmds; i++)
{
if (cmd->cmd == LC_UNIXTHREAD)
{
*unix_thread = TRUE;
state = (target_thread_state_t *)((char *)cmd + 16);
return (void *)(target_thread_ip(state) + slide);
}
cmd = (struct load_command *)((char *)cmd + cmd->cmdsize);
}
return NULL;
};
static int is_region_empty( struct wine_preload_info *info )
{
unsigned char vec[1024];
size_t pos, size, block = 1024 * page_size;
int i;
for (pos = 0; pos < info->size; pos += size)
{
size = (pos + block <= info->size) ? block : (info->size - pos);
if (wld_mincore( (char *)info->addr + pos, size, vec ) == -1)
{
if (size <= page_size) continue;
block = page_size; size = 0; /* retry with smaller block size */
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < size / page_size; i++)
if (vec[i] & 1) return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
static int map_region( struct wine_preload_info *info )
{
int flags = MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANON;
void *ret;
if (!info->addr) flags |= MAP_FIXED;
for (;;)
{
ret = wld_mmap( info->addr, info->size, PROT_NONE, flags, -1, 0 );
if (ret == info->addr) return 1;
if (ret != (void *)-1) wld_munmap( ret, info->size );
if (flags & MAP_FIXED) break;
/* Some versions of macOS ignore the address hint passed to mmap -
* use mincore() to check if its empty and then use MAP_FIXED */
if (!is_region_empty( info )) break;
flags |= MAP_FIXED;
}
/* don't warn for zero page */
if (info->addr >= (void *)0x1000)
wld_printf( "preloader: Warning: failed to reserve range %p-%p\n",
info->addr, (char *)info->addr + info->size );
return 0;
}
static inline void get_dyld_func( const char *name, void **func )
{
_dyld_func_lookup( name, func );
if (!*func) fatal_error( "Failed to get function pointer for %s\n", name );
}
#define LOAD_POSIX_DYLD_FUNC(f) get_dyld_func( "__dyld_" #f, (void **)&p##f )
#define LOAD_MACHO_DYLD_FUNC(f) get_dyld_func( "_" #f, (void **)&p##f )
void *wld_start( void *stack, int *is_unix_thread )
{
struct wine_preload_info builtin_dlls = { (void *)0x7a000000, 0x02000000 };
struct wine_preload_info **wine_main_preload_info;
char **argv, **p, *reserve = NULL;
struct target_mach_header *mh;
void *mod, *entry;
int *pargc, i;
Dl_info info;
pargc = stack;
argv = (char **)pargc + 1;
if (*pargc < 2) fatal_error( "Usage: %s wine_binary [args]\n", argv[0] );
/* skip over the parameters */
p = argv + *pargc + 1;
/* skip over the environment */
while (*p)
{
static const char res[] = "WINEPRELOADRESERVE=";
if (!wld_strncmp( *p, res, sizeof(res)-1 )) reserve = *p + sizeof(res) - 1;
p++;
}
LOAD_POSIX_DYLD_FUNC( dlopen );
LOAD_POSIX_DYLD_FUNC( dlsym );
LOAD_POSIX_DYLD_FUNC( dladdr );
LOAD_MACHO_DYLD_FUNC( _dyld_get_image_slide );
/* reserve memory that Wine needs */
if (reserve) preload_reserve( reserve );
for (i = 0; preload_info[i].size; i++)
{
if (!map_region( &preload_info[i] ))
{
remove_preload_range( i );
i--;
}
}
if (!map_region( &builtin_dlls ))
builtin_dlls.size = 0;
/* load the main binary */
if (!(mod = pdlopen( argv[1], RTLD_NOW )))
fatal_error( "%s: could not load binary\n", argv[1] );
if (builtin_dlls.size)
wld_munmap( builtin_dlls.addr, builtin_dlls.size );
/* store pointer to the preload info into the appropriate main binary variable */
wine_main_preload_info = pdlsym( mod, "wine_main_preload_info" );
if (wine_main_preload_info) *wine_main_preload_info = preload_info;
else wld_printf( "wine_main_preload_info not found\n" );
if (!pdladdr( wine_main_preload_info, &info ) || !(mh = info.dli_fbase))
fatal_error( "%s: could not find mach header\n", argv[1] );
if (!(entry = get_entry_point( mh, p_dyld_get_image_slide(mh), is_unix_thread )))
fatal_error( "%s: could not find entry point\n", argv[1] );
return entry;
}
#endif /* __APPLE__ */
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