242 lines
9.0 KiB
Plaintext
242 lines
9.0 KiB
Plaintext
1. INTRODUCTION
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Wine is a program which allows running Microsoft Windows programs
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(including DOS, Windows 3.x and Win32 executables) on Unix. It
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consists of a program loader which loads and executes a Microsoft
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Windows binary, and a library (called Winelib) that implements Windows
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API calls using their Unix or X11 equivalents. The library may also
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be used for porting Win32 code into native Unix executables.
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Wine is free software, released under the GNU LGPL; see the file
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LICENSE for the details.
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2. QUICK START
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Whenever you compile from source, it is recommended to use the Wine
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Installer to build and install Wine. From the top-level directory
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of the Wine source (which contains this file), run:
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./tools/wineinstall
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Run programs as "wine [options] program". For more information and
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problem resolution, read the rest of this file, the Wine man page,
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the files in the documentation directory of the Wine source
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(see "DOCUMENTATION"), and especially the wealth of information
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found at http://www.winehq.org.
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3. REQUIREMENTS
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To compile and run Wine, you must have one of the following:
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Linux version 2.0.36 or above
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FreeBSD 4.x or FreeBSD 5-CURRENT or later
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Solaris x86 2.5 or later
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NetBSD-current
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As Wine requires kernel-level thread support to run, only the operating
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systems mentioned above are supported.
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Other operating systems which support kernel threads may be supported
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in the future.
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Linux info:
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While Linux 2.2.x should still work and Linux 2.0.x may still work
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(older 2.0.x versions had thread-related crashes),
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it's best to have a current kernel such as 2.4.x.
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FreeBSD info:
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Make sure you have the USER_LDT, SYSVSHM, SYSVSEM, and SYSVMSG
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options turned on in your kernel. More information is in the ports
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tree: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/ports/emulators/wine/
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Solaris info:
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You will most likely need to build Wine with the GNU toolchain
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(gcc, gas, etc.). Warning : installing gas does *not* ensure that it
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will be used by gcc. Recompiling gcc after installing gas or
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symlinking cc, as and ld to the gnu tools is said to be necessary.
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NetBSD info:
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Make sure you have the USER_LDT, SYSVSHM, SYSVSEM, and SYSVMSG options
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turned on in your kernel.
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Supported file systems:
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Wine should run on most file systems. However, Wine will fail to start
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if umsdos is used for the /tmp directory. A few compatibility problems have
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also been reported using files accessed through Samba. Also, as NTFS
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can only be used safely with readonly access for now, we recommend against
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using NTFS, as Windows programs need write access almost everywhere.
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In case of NTFS files, copy over to a writable location.
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Basic requirements:
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You need to have the X11 development include files installed
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(called xlib6g-dev in Debian and XFree86-devel in RedHat).
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Build tool requirements:
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On x86 Systems gcc >= 2.7.2 is required.
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Versions earlier than 2.7.2.3 may have problems when certain files
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are compiled with optimization, often due to problems with header file
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management. pgcc currently doesn't work with Wine. The cause of this problem
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is unknown.
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Of course you also need "make" (most likely GNU make).
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You also need flex version 2.5 or later and yacc.
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Bison will work as a replacement for yacc. If you are
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using RedHat or Debian, install the flex and bison packages.
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Optional support libraries:
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If you want CUPS printing support, please install both cups and cups-devel
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packages.
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For the automatic processing of the test suite scripts, you also need
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libperl development header support (libperl-dev package on Debian).
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For requirements in case you intend to build the documentation yourself,
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see "DOCUMENTATION" section.
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4. COMPILATION
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In case you chose to not use wineinstall, run the following commands
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to build Wine:
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./configure
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make depend
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make
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This will build the program "wine" and numerous support libraries/binaries.
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The program "wine" will load and run Windows executables.
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The library "libwine" ("Winelib") can be used to compile and link
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Windows source code under Unix.
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To see compile configuration options, do ./configure --help.
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To upgrade to a new release by using a patch file, first cd to the
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top-level directory of the release (the one containing this README
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file). Then do a "make clean", and patch the release with:
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gunzip -c patch-file | patch -p1
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where "patch-file" is the name of the patch file (something like
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Wine-yymmdd.diff.gz). You can then re-run "./configure", and then
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run "make depend && make".
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5. SETUP
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Once Wine has been built correctly, you can do "make install"; this
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will install the wine executable, the Wine man page, and a few other
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needed files.
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Don't forget to uninstall any conflicting previous Wine installation
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first. Try either "dpkg -r wine" or "rpm -e wine" or "make uninstall"
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before installing.
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If you want to read the documentation supplied with the Wine source,
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see the "DOCUMENTATION" section.
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Wine requires a configuration file named named "config" in your
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~/.wine directory. The format of this file is explained in the config file
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man page (documentation/wine.conf.man).
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The file documentation/samples/config contains an example configuration file
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which has to be adapted and copied to the location mentioned above.
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Don't forget to add vital registry entries by applying winedefault.reg
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with programs/regedit/. See documentation/ directory for details.
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See the Support area at http://www.winehq.org/ for further
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configuration hints.
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In case of library loading errors
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(e.g. "Error while loading shared libraries: libntdll.so"), make sure
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to add the library path to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig as root.
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In order to verify the correctness of the environment you need for
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Wine to run successfully, you may run "./tools/winecheck | less".
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You'll get a percentage score indicating "Wine configuration correctness".
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As this program is alpha, it doesn't run a truly thorough test yet, though,
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so it should be taken as a first verification step only.
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See wine.conf man page on how to switch to text mode only support if desired.
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6. RUNNING PROGRAMS
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When invoking Wine, you may specify the entire path to the executable,
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or a filename only.
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For example: to run Solitaire:
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wine sol (using the search Path as specified in
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wine sol.exe the config file to locate the file)
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wine c:\\windows\\sol.exe (using DOS filename syntax)
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wine /usr/windows/sol.exe (using Unix filename syntax)
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wine -- sol.exe /parameter1 -parameter2 parameter3
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(calling program with parameters)
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Note: the path of the file will also be added to the path when
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a full name is supplied on the commandline.
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Wine is not yet complete, so several programs may crash. Provided you set up
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winedbg correctly according to documentation/debugger.sgml, you will be dropped
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into a debugger so that you can investigate and fix the problem.
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For more information on how to do this, please read the file
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documentation/debugging.sgml.
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You should backup all your important files that you give Wine access
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to, or use a special Wine copy of them, as there have been some cases
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of users reporting file corruption. Do NOT run Explorer, for instance,
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if you don't have a proper backup, as it renames/cripples several
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directories sometimes. Not even other MS apps such as e.g. Messenger are safe,
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as they launch Explorer somehow. This particular corruption (!$!$!$!$.pfr)
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can at least partially be fixed by using
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http://home.nexgo.de/andi.mohr/download/decorrupt_explorer
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7. DOCUMENTATION
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Some documentation (various Wine Guides etc.) can be found in the
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documentation/ directory (apart from also being available on WineHQ).
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If you want to process the SGML files in there, then you can run "make doc"
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in the documentation/ directory.
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Doing so requires the sgml tools package (for db2html, db2ps, db2pdf) named:
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Debian: docbook-utils
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Mandrake: sgml-tools-A.B.C-DDmdk
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SuSE: docbktls-A.BB.C-DD
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8. GETTING MORE INFORMATION
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WWW: A great deal of information about Wine is available from WineHQ at
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http://www.winehq.org/ : various Wine Guides, application database,
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bug tracking. This is probably the best starting point.
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FAQ: The Wine FAQ is located at http://www.winehq.org/FAQ
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Usenet: You can discuss Wine-related issues and get help
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on comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine.
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Bugs: Report bugs to Wine Bugzilla at http://bugs.winehq.org
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Please search the bugzilla database to check whether your
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problem is already found before posting a bug report. You can
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also post bug reports to comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine.
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Please read the file documentation/bugs.sgml to see what
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information is required.
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IRC: Online help is available at channel #WineHQ on irc.freenode.net.
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CVS: The current Wine development tree is available through CVS.
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Go to http://www.winehq.org/cvs for more information.
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Mailing lists:
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There are several mailing lists for Wine developers; see
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http://www.winehq.org/forums for more information.
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If you add something, or fix a bug, please send a patch (in 'diff -u'
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format) to wine-patches@winehq.org list for inclusion in the next
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release.
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--
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Alexandre Julliard
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julliard@winehq.org
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