WineLib HOWTO Version 11-Jun-2000 AUTHOR: Wilbur Dale Lumin Software BV Zandheuvel 52 B 4901 HW Oosterhout (NB) The Netherlands wilbur.dale@lumin.nl WARNING: This HOWTO is incomplete. I expect to add to it on a weekly basis until it is complete. ===================================================================== Table of Contents I. Introduction: Wine vs. WineLib II. Legal Issues III. How Much Work? IV. File Format Conversion V. Compiling A Simple Win32 Program VI. Compiling A Win32 Program With Resources VII. DLLs A. Native DLL. B. so DLL. C. elfDLL. D. resource DLL. VIII. How to use MFC A. Using a native MFC DLL B. Compiling MFC VIII. Trademarks Windows 3.x, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Unix is a trademark of ???? FIXME: who has the trademark this week? CrypKey is a trademark of Kenonic Controls Ltd. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ===================================================================== I. Introduction: Wine vs. WineLib WineLib provides the Win32 API to a non-Microsoft operating system. The WineLib Win32 functions use X11 functions to perform the actual drawing on the screen. Wine and WineLib are based on the same set of functions that implement the Win32 API. The difference between Wine and WineLib is the type of executable that is loaded into memory and executed. If an executable and any associated DLLs were compiled for x86 hardware running the Windows 95, 98, or Windows NT (TM) operating systems, then Wine can use a special binary loader to load the program and the libraries into memory and execute it. WineLib on the other hand allows you to take the source for such a program and DLLs and compile it into the native format of a x86 Unix or Linux operating system. WineLib also allows you to partially compile the program and DLLs into the native format. For example, if you use a DLL from a vendor to provide some functions to your program and the vendor does not give you source, then you can use the Windows version of the DLL to provide the functions and compile the rest of your program in the native form for your system. [1] Windows compilers assume a different structure than standard compilers. For example, standard compilers assume that the function main() exists and is the entry point of the program. On the other hand, windows compilers create a main() that issues an error message that states that windows is required for executing the program and the real entry point is the function WinMain(). As a result, WineLib provides certain aids to generate code so that your program can be compiled and run as written for windows. For example, WineLib generates a main() to initialize the windows API, to load any necessary DLLs and then call your WinMain(). Therefore, you need to learn four basic operations to compile a windows program using WineLib: compiling a simple program, compiling resources, compiling libraries, and compiling MFC. These skills or operations are explained in later sections of this HOWTO. Before you start porting your windows code to WineLib, you need to consider whether you are allowed to port your program to WineLib. As you compile your program using WineLib, you will be combining software from several sources and you need to ensure that the licenses for the components are compatible. Hence, in the next section, we will examine several legal issues. II. Legal Issues Disclaimer! I am not a lawyer. The purpose of this section is to make you aware of potential legal problems. Be sure to read your licenses and to consult your attorney. During the compilation of your program, you will be combining code from several sources: your code, WineLib code, code from your vendor's DLLs (if any), and Microsoft MFC code (if used). As a result, you must ensure that the licenses of all code sources are obeyed. What you are allowed and not allowed to do can vary depending on how you compile your program and if you will be distributing it. For example, if you are releasing your code under the GPL, you cannot link your code to MFC code because the GPL requires that you provide ALL sources to your users. The MFC license forbids you from distributing the MFC source so you can not comply with the GPL license except by not distributing you program. On the other hand, if your code is released under the LGPL, you cannot statically link your program to MFC and distribute it, but you can dynamically link your LGPL code and MFC code and distribute it. Wine/WineLib is distributed under an X11-like license. It places few restrictions on the use and distribution of Wine/WineLib code. I doubt the Wine license will cause you any problems. On the other hand, MFC is distributed under a very restrictive license and the restrictions vary from version to version and between service packs. If you plan on using MFC, there are three hurdles to legally using MFC. The first hurdle is how to legally get MFC source code on your computer. MFC source code comes as a part of Visual Studio. The license for Visual Studio implies it is a single product that can not be broken up into its components. The cleanest way to get MFC on you system is to use a dual boot Linux box with the windows partition visible to the Linux OS. Boot into windows and install Visual Studio. Since Visual Studio is installed on the computer, you have not broken it into its components. There may be other solutions, but I think this is the easiest. FIXME: quote relevant sections of EULA in above paragraph. The second hurdle for MFC is the legality of compiling MFC on a non-Microsoft operating system. This varies with the version of MFC. MFC license from Visual Studio 6.0: 1.1 General License Grant. Microsoft grants to you as an individual, a personal, nonexclusive license to make and use copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT for the sole purposes of designing, developing, and testing your software product(s) that are designed to operate in conjunction with any Microsoft operating system product. [Other unrelated stuff deleted.] So it appears you cannot compile MFC for WineLib using this license. On the other hand, Visual Studio 6.0 service pack 3 (Visual Studio 5.0 is similar): 1.1 General License Grant. Microsoft grants to you as an individual, a personal, nonexclusive license to make and use copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT for the purpose of designing, developing, and testing your software product(s). [Other unrelated stuff deleted] So it appears you can compile MFC for WineLib using this license. The third hurdle is your legal right to distribute an MFC library. Check the relevant section of the license on redistributables and your redistribution rights. As I read the license, you only have the right to distribute binaries of the MFC library if it has no debug information and if you distribute it with an application that provides significant added functionality to the MFC library. FIXME: quote relevant sections of EULA in above paragraph. Once you have examined the licenses for all of the sources used in compiling your program and have decided you can legally compile you program using WineLib, you should probably experiment with your program running under Wine to determine how much work will be involved in the port. The next section will give advice on estimating the amount of work required for porting your program to WineLib. III. How Much Work? Wine and WineLib use the same functions to implement the windows API; hence, if your program correctly runs under Wine, it should run under WineLib. However, Wine/WineLib is incomplete; you may have trouble running your program under Wine. Many people have successfully run many programs under Wine, so there is a good chance you will have no trouble. Wine executes the binary program that was compiled for a windows operating system. There are differences between the windows operating system and Unix/Linux operating systems. For example, in Windows 95 and Windows 98, the program has direct access to the hardware. A copy protection program that you purchased for your windows executable may use direct hardware access to write data to the disk. Hence, you may need to disable the copy protection in order to test your executable under Wine. As a specific example, CrypKey is a copy protection program we use at Lumin Software. Our program does not execute under Wine with the copy protection enabled. We disabled the copy protection, recompiled the windows executable, and our program works fine. CrypKey also works for Windows NT where it creates a service. Using Wine with the --winver nt40 option "almost" gets the our program working with copy protection. At a later date, we intend to either implement the system calls in Wine that are missing for CrypKey or to use another copy protection program that does work under Linux. During the execution of your program, Wine prints error messages to standard error. These error messages include "stubs", which are windows API functions that have not been completely implemented. Depending on the the system call, these could be harmless or crash your program. Most of the common windows API functions have already been implemented, so you should have no missing API functions or only a few missing functions. If you intend to continue with the port to WineLib, you will need to implement these API functions. After running your program for a while, you should have a good feel for the number of windows API functions that you need to implement. FIXME: give info on Wine command line options to control error messages. It is not necessary for you to implement the entire documented behavior of an API function in order to get your program to work. For example, many API functions have pointer parameters that are NULL in the common cases. If you always call the function with a NULL pointer for the default behavior, you can save yourself some effort by implementing a function that only works for the NULL pointer parameter. If you do this, make sure you test if the parameter is non-null and issue a warning for the non-null case. Also document in the source that the API function is incomplete. FIXME: give info on the FIXME (macro/function?) for partially implemented API functions. Once you have implemented an API function, submit the change back to the Wine project so the next person to need the same function does not need to repeat your work. Remember, someone else wrote all of the other API functions that you are using, so you are benefiting from their work. Let other people benefit from your work as well. If you work for a company, you may need your company's permission to "give away" your work. IV. File Format Conversion Before you can compile your program, you must deal with one major difference between Windows and WineLib. Window sources are in DOS format with carriage return / line feed at the end of each line of text while WineLib files are in Unix format with only line feed at the end of each line of text. Before you compile your sources, you will need to convert you DOS format sources to Unix format. There are several tools such as dos2unix and tr that are available to convert the format. FIXME: explain about line continuation in macros with CR/LF lines. FIXME: get more info on dos2unix, tr, and all other such tools and give example commands. Until I do [3] is a good source. FIXME: is CR/LF conversion necessary for gcc 2.95 ? V. Compiling A Simple Win32 Program Wine and WineLib are written in C as is the MS Win32 API; thus, if have a program that calls only the Win32 API directly, you can compile the program using a C compiler and link it with some of the WineLib libraries. There are several simple examples of WineLib programs in the directory libtest/ in the Wine source tree. We shall examine one of these to show you how to compile a WineLib program. The example we shall examine is hello2. If you examine hello2.c, you will see it is a windows program that pops up a message box that says "Hello, hello!". It can be compiled and run using a windows compiler just like any other windows program. However, it can not be compiled and run with a non-windows compiler. As mentioned previously, windows programs have an entry point called WinMain(), while non-windows compilers use an entry point of main(). Hence, we need some "glue" to glue the main() entry point to the WinMain() in the windows program. In WineLib, the glue is provided by the spec file. Spec files are used in several places in Wine and WineLib to provide glue between windows code and code for non-windows compilers. WineLib provides a tool called build in the tools/ directory that converts a spec file into a C file that can be compiled and linked with the windows source files. If you examine hello2.spec, you will see the following: name hello2 mode guiexe type win32 init WinMain Name is the name of the application. Mode is the type of "glue" that build needs to create. Possible modes are 'dll' for a library, 'cuiexe' for a console application, and 'guiexe' for a regular graphical application. Type is the type of API, either win32 or win16. Win16 is supported only in Wine, not WineLib, so you should use win32. Init is the function to call for initialization: in this case, WinMain. FIXME: tools/build-spec.txt appears out of date. No "mode" is in the documentation. During compilation of the hello2 executable, the following command is executed. ../tools/build -pic -o hello2.spec.c -spec hello2.spec The program build will generate the output file hello2.spec.c (option -o hello2.spec.c) from the spec file hello2.spec (option -spec hello2.spec). The output file contains some assembly directives and these directives are position independent code (option -pic). The build program is used in several places in Wine as well as WineLib; however, only the -spec option will be used in WineLib. The output file hello2.spec.c contains main() and the glue code to initialize WineLib and call WinMain(). FIXME: for WineLib users -- is there ever a need to not specify -pic? Now the compilation of hello2 can proceed as any other compilation for a program. gcc -c -I. -I. -I../include -I../include -g -O2 -Wall -D_REENTRANT \ -I/usr/X11R6/include -o hello2.o hello2.c FIXME: -D_REENTRANT why? FIXME: explain compiler options to compile the window program itself and gcc -c -I. -I. -I../include -I../include -g -O2 -Wall -D_REENTRANT \ -I/usr/X11R6/include -o hello2.spec.o hello2.spec.c to compile the main() and the glue code. Finally, gcc -o hello2 hello2.o hello2.spec.o -L../dlls -L.. -lwine -lncurses -lm -lutil -ldl FIXME: explain linker options will link the files into an executable. All of the steps are automated with the makefile, so "make hello2" will execute all of the steps for you. Thus, you now have the basics of compiling a simple windows program. There are two more things to learn for compiling more complex windows programs: windows resources and DLL dependencies. Window resources are described in the next section. DLL dependencies are handled by linker magic with windows compilers. Thus, you will need to provide information about which DLLs your program depends. This information is given in the spec file. For example, if our hello2 program had a .wav file that it played, it would need the multi-media DLL winmm. Our spec file would then be name hello2 mode guiexe type win32 init WinMain import winmm If you need to list multiple DLLs, then the import specification can appear multiple times. FIXME: can multiple libraries appear on one import line? VI. Compiling A Win32 Program With Resources FIXME: to be continued. Describe wrc. Go through hello world example 3. VII. DLLs A. Native DLL. B. so DLL. C. elfdll. D. resource DLL FIXME: to be continued. QUESTION: what are so DLL and elfdll. I think I have been doing so DLL. Go over an example similar to edrlib in Petzold. VIII. How to use MFC A. Using a native MFC DLL B. Compiling MFC FIXME: to be continued. ===================================================================== References Until this HOWTO is complete, I will document who gives me what information. Reference [1] From: Patrik Stridvall To: "'wilbur.dale@lumin.nl'" , Date: Mon, 5 Jun 2000 14:25:22 +0200 First of all WineLib suppport for Win16 has been discontinued for quite some time, because: 1. It is difficult for us to support and it is impossible to do so prefectly without special compiler support, because of memory layout issues. For example Win16 int is 16-bit and data is aligned 16-bit. 2. It is in almost all cases easier to port a Win16 application to Win32. A minor detail, I personally would prefer that Wine and WineLib was always used in the uppercase W and uppercase L variant, instead of, as in your document, sometime one variant, sometimes another. Reference [2] From: michael cardenas To: wilbur.dale@lumin.nl Date: Mon, 5 Jun 2000 13:19:34 -0400 a few things you should mention... - you can compile resources as a dll under windows and then load the dll with wine. That's what we do for canvas. This is probably not ideal, but most of my problems porting were in the code. We very seldomly have to change the resources for the porting process. But wrc does work for most cases... - the error messages can be turned off or turned up with options to configure like --enable-trace-msgs=wireoff or --enable-trace-msgs=wireon . Take a look at configure. - you probably want to compile your WineLib with --disable-debugger, at least for the release version of your app. Reference [3] http://fgouget/wine/winelib-en.shtml ===================================================================== The information included here is from various Wine-devel posting and private e-mails. I am including them so that any one starting on MFC will have some documentation. Glean what you can and good luck. Before I write more detailed info on compiling MFC I have three questions. The info I have mentions three problems: 1. Wine header files---what is the status of this? Do changes need to be made in the headers and if so, do I submit the changes back into Wine cvs? Do the changes need #ifdef for C vs. C++ compilation? 2. DOS format files and no case distinction in filenames. Do the extensions Corel made to gcc 2.95 handle this? If so, how? 3. Microsoft extensions to the C++ syntax. Do the extensions Corel made to gcc 2.95 handle this? If so, how? If you have info that needs to be added, send me email at and I will add it. ===================================================================== THANKS Most of the information in this file came from postings on and from private e-mails. The following people contributed information for this document and I thank them for their time and effort in answering my questions. I also want to thank them for encouraging me to attack the MFC problem. CONTRIBUTERS: Damyan Ognyanoff Gavriel State Ian Schmidt Jeremy White From: Ian Schmidt Subject: Re: WineLib and MFC "Wilbur N. Dale" wrote: > What is the status of MFC under WineLib? I don't know precisely. Corel has done more MFC work than anyone (all of their applications which they are porting are MFC-based), and reportedly they have MFC itself compiled. I was just trying to get a moderately simple MFC-using app to compile, with moderate success (there are still some problems with MFC's headers after my patch, but at least they don't appear to be Wine's fault :) I did not try to compile MFC itself. > Which versions of MFC, if any? I have no idea what version Corel uses. As noted in my patch, I was fiddling with the headers for MFC 6 (from Visual C++ 6.0 Service Pack 3). Most of the stuff my patch addressed was for newer IE 5-related features, so I'd guess MFC 5 (VC++ 5.0) is likely what they used. > Is there any documentation on how to compile MFC for WineLib? If so > where? Not that I know of. > I have started to compile programs using WineLib (hello.c last > Sunday) and expect to be ready to start compiling MFC in a couple of > weeks. If documentation is not available on compiling MFC, I am > willing to write it. Documentation would be a Good Thing, as WineLib in general is grossly underdocumented right now. Here's a few tips I discovered to get you started: - First off, run all the MFC headers (and source too if you try it) through a utility to strip out the DOS carriage returns. They cause havoc with GCC when it sees one after a line that ends with a \ (and MFC has many macros in it's headers that meet that description). If you don't have one, do a Google search on "fromdos" and you should locate some source (or it's fairly easy to make your own). - Use GCC 2.95.2, and the -fpermissive flag to make it less picky. 2.95.2 has some VC++-compatibility features that Corel paid for, and I believe more are forthcoming in future GCCs. - Use -I to add whereever you have the MFC headers at to your include path, as MFC apps typically use #include <> to access them rather than "". - Be prepared to have to rename and/or symlink headers, unless you compile on a case-insensitive filesystem :) - When you make install Wine it seems not to include all it's headers in /usr/local/include/Wine. To have any chance at getting MFC going you'll want to use -I to add the include/ directory from the Wine source tarball to the path so it can grab everything. Sorry I can't help you more, but good luck! -Ian Schmidt ischmidt@cfl.rr.com From: Jeremy White Subject: Re: RFC: Wine 1.0 "Wilbur N. Dale" wrote: > > Further, we have successfully built MFC after making only > > a modest set of changes to it, even with older > > versions of g++. > > Lumin Software is about to use WineLib to port a window program to linux. A > couple of years ago we thought we had to make a modification to MFC for one > of our projects and we had problems getting MFC to compile under MS Visual C++. > After much wailing and gnashing of teeth, we gave up and did things another > way. After this bad experience, we were wondering --- approximately how many > man-hours did you spend compiling and changing MFC ? Urk. I misspoke. None of the developers here that I thought had working versions of MFC with Wine have working versions any longer. So, it may be a bit trickier than I led you to believe. We have it working pretty reliably with TWine, but not quite so cleanly (yet) with Wine. However, it really shouldn't be too difficult, and this is what I can remember of the process: 1. If you use a very modern version of gcc (2.95.2 or higher), I believe you will need to add the -relaxed flag to have any hope of compiling. 2. If you use an earlier version of gcc, you will need to adjust the many anonymous structs/unions that MFC supplies. We prefer this approach, because requiring very modern gcc implementations seems harsh to us. 3. You will need to adjust for the many type differences between MFC intrinsic types and the types supplied by Wine. For example, I believe that MFC expects a HANDLE to be compatible with certain scalar types, (and it is under Windows/VC, but is not with Wine/gcc). 4. The key procedure: add many -DNO_XXX flags to the makefile. If you start with Microsofts make file for MFC, convert it into a Wine makefile, and then turn on many of the flags they list there (of the form -DNO_XXX), your life will get much easier. Once you get it working with a few -DNO_XXX flags, you can go back and add them back in. 5. The best resource: you need someone who knows C++ very, very well. You occassionaly run into very obscure C++ problems where MS has extended the C++ standard and gcc has not. It really helps to have a guru on hand when you hit those. I hope this helps. Sorry for the earlier deceptive post. Jeremy From: Gavriel State Subject: Re: MFC questions "Wilbur N. Dale" wrote: > 1. Compile MFC. Several years ago we (Lumin Software) tried to > compile MFC. The attempt failed and we found another way to do what > we wanted. MS documentation states that compiling MFC was > deliberately made difficult. Considering my experience with stuff > they call "easy" I am not looking forward to compiling MFC. We are > currently using Visual Studio 5 for windows development. At Corel, we had MFC compiled and running sample apps in WineLib in late 1998. It's mostly a question of the Wine headers, which weren't originally up to snuff. We did quite a bit of work on them, and most of those changes have been contributed back to WineHQ, so it should be pretty easy now. The other thing that was a big deal was getting the startup code working properly - since MFC needs to initialize static data *after* WineLib gets initialized. I believe that that issue has been addressed now on the WineHQ side with some of the work done on the .spec file tools recently. -Gav -- Gavriel State CEO TransGaming Technologies Inc. gav@transgaming.com From: Jeremy White Subject: Re: MFC questions "Wilbur N. Dale" wrote: [snip] > 1. Compile MFC. Several years ago we (Lumin Software) tried to > compile MFC. The attempt failed and we found another way to do what > we wanted. MS documentation states that compiling MFC was > deliberately made difficult. Considering my experience with stuff > they call "easy" I am not looking forward to compiling MFC. We are > currently using Visual Studio 5 for windows development. Wilbur, I personally think that this is the 'right' approach, although approach #2 may prove faster. Despite your previous experience, and despite my earlier incorrect statements, I think that this is simpler than you fear. It's one of those tasks that's darkest before the storm - you spend all of your energy getting all the include files to work. Once you have *one* object file, the rest go much more quickly (alright, getting it to link is also a hairball of a job, but it's tractable ). If you're not in a hurry, getting MFC to compile, and having a documented procedure for compiling it is on our agenda for the relatively near future (see the Wine 1.0 task list). Jer p.s. Stick with Visi C++ 5. IMHO its MFC license is cleaner than that of VC 6. From: Gavriel State Subject: The MSVC++ 6.0 license Jeremy White wrote: > p.s. Stick with Visi C++ 5. IMHO its MFC license is cleaner than that > of VC 6. Actually, I just picked up a copy of MSVC 6.0 and it appears that they changed the license between the original release and the Service Pack 3 release - they removed the bit in section 1.1 about requiring that you be developing your software product only for use with a Microsoft OS. In any case, even the original license explicitly says that the MFC redistribution rights are *in addition* to the usage rights in section 1.1. The relevant portion of the original EULA: 1.1 General License Grant. Microsoft grants to you as an individual, a personal, nonexclusive license to make and use copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT for the sole purposes of designing, developing, and testing your software product(s) that are designed to operate in conjunction with any Microsoft operating system product. [Other unrelated stuff deleted] >From the SP3 EULA: 3. Section 1.1 of the EULA is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 1.1 General License Grant. Microsoft grants to you as an individual, a personal, nonexclusive license to make and use copies of the SOFTWARE PRODUCT for the purpose of designing, developing, and testing your software product(s). [Other unrelated stuff deleted] Disclaimer - I am not a lawyer, but I've spent lots of time with them investigating software licenses. -Gav -- Gavriel State CEO TransGaming Technologies Inc. gav@transgaming.com From: Damyan Ognyanoff Subject: Need a hint Hi, I manage to build mfc42 as .so library and a application using it (as a .so library too). I execute it using simple loader which is linked to Wine and I load my application in it's WinMain routine. The problem is how clearly to unload mfc and my application (to invoke mfc's destructors before loader is terminated) All is fine except that there is a "zombi" reference to code in shared library which is invoked in Wine code and generate GPF. debugger stops somewhere in aplication's InitInstance !!! - and the stack is broken so I can't catch where exactly the problem is. Any hints are welcome. I'm using Wine-2000517 shapshot downloaded form Wine.datapary.no TNX. Damyan p.s. If any of You is interested in details I can share my experience. From: Damyan Ognyanoff Subject: Re: Wine MFC info request hi, my MFC is from VC6.0 with SP3 MFC Bulid: (form afxbld_.h) #define _MFC_BUILD 8447 #define _MFC_USER_BUILD "8447" #define _MFC_RBLD 0 mfcdll.rc FILEVERSION 6,0,_MFC_BUILD,_MFC_RBLD PRODUCTVERSION 6,0,0,0 Hints: 1. Wine include files In some of them you will find error about '__attribute__' all kinds of similar errors can be fixed using proper typedefs first example : typedef BOOL (CALLBACK *DLGPROC)(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM); must be converted to typedef BOOL CALLBACK (*DLGPROC)(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM); and the second kind is something like TYPE* WINAPI SomeFunction(HWND param1,UINT param2); The problem here is a TYPE* or TYPE& (in some of mfc files) the workaround is to declare a type before: typedef TYPE* TYPEPtr; or typedef TYPE& TYPERef; and declaration will look like: TYPEPtr WINAPI SomeFunction(HWND param1,UINT param2); note: don't miss a 'struct' when you define struct type pointers. I miss it and get a lot of problems compiling MFC: >> struct _TEB; typedef !!!struct!!! _TEB* P_TEB; extern inline P_TEB WINAPI NtCurrentTeb(void); << Those conversions are semanticaly the same as above but g++ compile them and generate proper code to invoke __stdcall kind of functions in some of Wine/obj_XXX.h files: Wine/obj_base.h - there are a lot of defines's that are used to declare a COM interfaces #define ICOM_METHOD(ret,xfn) \ public: virtual ret (CALLBACK xfn)(void) = 0; will be (for all of them that are related to C++ (watch #ifdef's carefully)): #define ICOM_METHOD(ret,xfn) \ public: virtual ret CALLBACK (xfn)(void) = 0; and the second tip is an error when compiler stops on line like: ICOM_DEFINE(ISomeInterfase,IUnknown) watch method declarations above to find something like: ICOM_METHOD1(TYPE*,MethodName, DWORD,dwParam) and replace TYPE* with proper TYPEPtr type. In many cases You will see void* which can be replaced simply by LPVOID. qthere are several errors related to anonymous structs and unions but they can be avoided with proper - #ifdef __cplusplus This is all about Wine headers I think. If you find something that I miss type a line of mail to me. 2. MFC The rules are the same with some new issues: virtual BOOL Method1(int param1, BOOL (CALLBACK *param2) (HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM)); don't compile. I remove a function pointer declaration outside method: typedef BOOL CALLBACK (*param2Type)(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM); virtual BOOL Method1(int param1, param2Type param2); I didn't apply this technique to a operator new definitions: void* AFXAPI operator new(size_t nSize); so i remove AFXAPI from these declarations: I got some missed #defines from commctrl.h and I added them form VC6.0 include. these are my defines form Makefile which I used to compile MFC -DTWINE_NO_CMONIKER \ -- this is related to exclude CMonikerFile -D__urlmon_h__ \ -- Wine didn't have URL interfaces -D_AFX_NO_OLEDB_SUPPORT \ -D_WIN32 \ -DNOWIN98 \ -- this is used to exclude all unimplemented classes from commctrl -D_AFX_PACKING \ -D_AFX_NO_DHTML_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_SOCKET_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_SYNC_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_OCX_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_PORTABLE \ -D_AFX_OLD_EXCEPTIONS \ -D_AFX_NO_SOCKET_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_DEBUG_CRT \ -D_AFX_NO_DAO_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_INET_SUPPORT \ -D_AFX_NO_RICHEDIT_SUPPORT \ -D_X86_ \ -DLONGHANDLES may be you will try to enable some of features of mfc I tested only -D_AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT but got missing interfaces from Wine in file afxcom_.h - _CIP<_Interface, _IID>::~_CIP<_Interface, _IID>() + _CIP<_Interface, _IID>::~_CIP() in file afxtempl.h - BOOL Lookup(BASE_CLASS::BASE_ARG_KEY key, VALUE& rValue) const - { return BASE_CLASS::Lookup(key, (BASE_CLASS::BASE_VALUE&)rValue); } + BOOL Lookup(typename BASE_CLASS::BASE_ARG_KEY key, VALUE& rValue) const + { return BASE_CLASS::Lookup(key, (typename BASE_CLASS::BASE_VALUE&)rValue); } and all releated errors can be fixed in this way. 3. spec file name mfc42 type win32 rsrc mfc42 10 stdcall WinMain(long long ptr long) WinMain 4. linking use -rdynamic wnen link libmfc.so to get ARGV and ARGC from loader 5. I didn'n build a extention dll with Wine but I suspect that there will be some problems releated to a chaining Runtime classes form MFC to a new dll 6. build your app as a MODULE too. 7. make a loader and in it's _WinMain: ... includes are here iint PASCAL (*winMain)(HINSTANCE,HINSTANCE,LPSTR,int) = 0; my app uses these to manage filenames VOID __cdecl (*_splitpath1)(LPCSTR path, LPSTR drive, LPSTR directory, LPSTR filename, LPSTR extension ) = NULL; VOID __cdecl _splitpath(LPCSTR path, LPSTR drive, LPSTR directory, LPSTR filename, LPSTR extension ) { if (_splitpath1) _splitpath1(path, drive, directory, filename, extension ); } VOID __cdecl (*_makepath1)(LPSTR path, LPCSTR drive, LPCSTR directory, LPCSTR filename, LPCSTR extension ) = NULL; VOID __cdecl _makepath(LPSTR path, LPCSTR drive, LPCSTR directory, LPCSTR filename, LPCSTR extension ) { if (_makepath1) _makepath1(path, drive, directory, filename, extension); } int PASCAL _WinMain(HINSTANCE h,HINSTANCE h1,LPSTR lpszCmdParam,int c) { HINSTANCE hInstance,hins,hlib,htst,hform,himag,hexe; int retv; hins = LoadLibrary("CRTDLL.DLL"); _splitpath1 = GetProcAddress(hins, "_splitpath"); _makepath1 = GetProcAddress(hins, "_makepath"); hins = LoadLibrary("COMCTL32.DLL"); hins = LoadLibrary("COMDLG32.DLL"); hins = dlopen("libmfc42.so",2); hlib = LoadLibrary("mfc42"); himag = dlopen("libmxformatslib.so",2); hform = LoadLibrary("mxformatslib"); hexe = dlopen("libmxpaint.so",2); htst = LoadLibrary("mxpaint"); winMain = GetProcAddress(hlib, "WinMain"); if (winMain) { retv = winMain (htst, // note the > htst < HERE 0, lpszCmdParam, SW_NORMAL); } FreeLibrary(htst); FreeLibrary(hform); FreeLibrary(hlib); dlclose(hexe); dlclose(himag); dlclose(hins); return retv; } the spec for loader is: name c10 mode guiexe type win32 init _WinMain please find attached a Makefile which i use to build MFC Regards Damyan. LocalWords: WineLib HOWTO Jun vs DLLs DLL MFC NT FIXME CrypKey Kenonic API TM LocalWords: WinMain GPL LGPL EULA winver nt dos unix tr CR LF gcc libtest dll LocalWords: guiexe init cuiexe pic lwine lncurses lm lutil ldl wav winmm wrc LocalWords: elfdll edrlib Petzold Patrik Stridvall int michael cardenas msgs LocalWords: wireoff msgs wireon app devel cvs ifdef Corel Damyan Ognyanoff IE LocalWords: Gavriel MFC's Wine's VC underdocumented Google fromdos GCCs apps LocalWords: fpermissive whereever symlink filesystem tarball RFC linux Urk SP LocalWords: misspoke TWine structs DNO XXX Microsofts occassionaly WineHQ Gav LocalWords: TransGaming alright hairball Jer Visi IMHO MSVC nonexclusive mfc LocalWords: mfc's destructors zombi GPF aplication's InitInstance shapshot rc LocalWords: TNX Bulid afxbld RBLD mfcdll FILEVERSION PRODUCTVERSION BOOL HWND LocalWords: CALLBACK DLGPROC UINT WPARAM LPARAM WINAPI SomeFunction param TEB LocalWords: param TYPEPtr TYPERef struct struct NtCurrentTeb semanticaly obj LocalWords: stdcall obj defines's COM ICOM ret xfn ifdef's ISomeInterfase URL LocalWords: IUnknown MethodName DWORD dwParam LPVOID qthere cplusplus AFXAPI LocalWords: nSize commctrl DTWINE CMONIKER CMonikerFile urlmon AFX OLEDB SYNC LocalWords: DNOWIN DHTML OCX DAO OCC INET RICHEDIT DLONGHANDLES afxcom CIP SW LocalWords: IID CIP IID afxtempl ARG rValue const typename releated rsrc ptr LocalWords: rdynamic wnen libmfc ARGV ARGC didn'n extention iint winMain hins LocalWords: HINSTANCE HINSTANCE LPSTR cdecl splitpath LPCSTR makepath hlib LocalWords: lpszCmdParam hInstance htst hform himag hexe retv LoadLibrary LocalWords: CRTDLL GetProcAddress COMCTL COMDLG dlopen libmxformatslib LocalWords: mxformatslib libmxpaint mxpaint FreeLibrary dlclose