diff --git a/dlls/wined3d/resource.c b/dlls/wined3d/resource.c
index 3807e892cd4..253fc52d130 100644
--- a/dlls/wined3d/resource.c
+++ b/dlls/wined3d/resource.c
@@ -43,6 +43,28 @@ struct private_data
     DWORD size;
 };
 
+static DWORD resource_access_from_pool(WINED3DPOOL pool)
+{
+    switch (pool)
+    {
+        case WINED3DPOOL_DEFAULT:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_GPU;
+
+        case WINED3DPOOL_MANAGED:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_GPU | WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_CPU;
+
+        case WINED3DPOOL_SYSTEMMEM:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_CPU;
+
+        case WINED3DPOOL_SCRATCH:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_SCRATCH;
+
+        default:
+            FIXME("Unhandled pool %#x.\n", pool);
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
 HRESULT resource_init(struct wined3d_resource *resource, IWineD3DDeviceImpl *device,
         WINED3DRESOURCETYPE resource_type, const struct wined3d_format *format,
         WINED3DMULTISAMPLE_TYPE multisample_type, UINT multisample_quality,
@@ -58,6 +80,9 @@ HRESULT resource_init(struct wined3d_resource *resource, IWineD3DDeviceImpl *dev
     resource->multisample_quality = multisample_quality;
     resource->usage = usage;
     resource->pool = pool;
+    resource->access_flags = resource_access_from_pool(pool);
+    if (usage & WINED3DUSAGE_DYNAMIC)
+        resource->access_flags |= WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_CPU;
     resource->width = width;
     resource->height = height;
     resource->depth = depth;
diff --git a/dlls/wined3d/surface.c b/dlls/wined3d/surface.c
index f5245cce7a4..ff841022b78 100644
--- a/dlls/wined3d/surface.c
+++ b/dlls/wined3d/surface.c
@@ -5846,6 +5846,24 @@ void surface_modify_location(struct wined3d_surface *surface, DWORD flag, BOOL p
     }
 }
 
+static DWORD resource_access_from_location(DWORD location)
+{
+    switch (location)
+    {
+        case SFLAG_INSYSMEM:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_CPU;
+
+        case SFLAG_INDRAWABLE:
+        case SFLAG_INSRGBTEX:
+        case SFLAG_INTEXTURE:
+            return WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_GPU;
+
+        default:
+            FIXME("Unhandled location %#x.\n", location);
+            return 0;
+    }
+}
+
 HRESULT surface_load_location(struct wined3d_surface *surface, DWORD flag, const RECT *rect)
 {
     IWineD3DDeviceImpl *device = surface->resource.device;
@@ -5902,6 +5920,14 @@ HRESULT surface_load_location(struct wined3d_surface *surface, DWORD flag, const
         return WINED3D_OK;
     }
 
+    if (WARN_ON(d3d_surface))
+    {
+        DWORD required_access = resource_access_from_location(flag);
+        if ((surface->resource.access_flags & required_access) != required_access)
+            WARN("Operation requires %#x access, but surface only has %#x.\n",
+                    required_access, surface->resource.access_flags);
+    }
+
     if (!(surface->flags & SFLAG_LOCATIONS))
     {
         ERR("Surface %p does not have any up to date location.\n", surface);
diff --git a/dlls/wined3d/wined3d_private.h b/dlls/wined3d/wined3d_private.h
index 199d7ef0d14..549f827ab88 100644
--- a/dlls/wined3d/wined3d_private.h
+++ b/dlls/wined3d/wined3d_private.h
@@ -1798,6 +1798,12 @@ static inline BOOL isStateDirty(struct wined3d_context *context, DWORD state)
     return context->isStateDirty[idx] & (1 << shift);
 }
 
+#define WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_GPU     0x1
+#define WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_CPU     0x2
+/* SCRATCH is mostly the same as CPU, but can't be used by the GPU at all,
+ * not even for resource uploads. */
+#define WINED3D_RESOURCE_ACCESS_SCRATCH 0x4
+
 struct wined3d_resource_ops
 {
     void (*resource_unload)(struct wined3d_resource *resource);
@@ -1813,6 +1819,7 @@ struct wined3d_resource
     UINT                    multisample_quality;
     DWORD                   usage;
     WINED3DPOOL             pool;
+    DWORD access_flags;
     UINT width;
     UINT height;
     UINT depth;