Updated multimedia documentation.
This commit is contained in:
Eric Pouech
Alexandre Julliard
parent
f051db39ec
commit
30975c0c90
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@ -41,6 +41,11 @@
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Wine's DLL Usage
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Wine's Multimedia drivers and DLL configuration
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</sect2>
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@ -143,6 +148,11 @@
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<entry>no</entry>
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<entry>Console settings</entry>
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</row>
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<row>
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<entry>[WinMM]</entry>
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<entry>yes</entry>
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<entry>Multimedia settings</entry>
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</row>
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</tbody>
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</tgroup>
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</informaltable>
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@ -167,7 +177,7 @@
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</para>
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<para>
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<programlisting>
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"Type" = "floppy|hd|cdrom|network" <--- the |'s mean "Type = "<one of the options>"
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"Type" = "floppy|hd|cdrom|network" <--- the |'s mean "Type = '<one of the options>'"
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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@ -777,6 +787,48 @@ OPTIONAL:
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Sets the program to automatically be run at startup every time.
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3>
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<title>The [WinMM] Section</title>
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<para>
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[WinMM] is used to define which multimedia drivers have to be loaded. Since
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those drivers may depend on the multimedia interfaces available on your sustem
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(OSS, Alsa... to name a few), it's needed to be able to configure which driver
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has to be loaded.
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</para>
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<para>
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The content of the section looks like:
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<programlisting>
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[WinMM]
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"Drivers" = "wineoss.drv"
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"WaveMapper" = "msacm.drv"
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"MidiMapper" = "midimap.drv"
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</programlisting>
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All the keys must be defined:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The "Drivers" key is a ';' separated list of modules name, each of
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them containing a low level driver. All those drivers will be loaded
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when MMSYSTEM/WINMM is started and will provide their inner features.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The "WaveMapper" represents the name of the module containing the Wave
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Mapper driver. Only one wave mapper can be defined in the system.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The "MidiMapper" represents the name of the module containing the Midi
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Mapper driver. Only one Midi mapper can be defined in the system.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2>
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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@ -1,598 +0,0 @@
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This file contains information about the implementation of the
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multimedia layer of WINE. The libraries consist of MMSYSTEM.DLL
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(win16), WINMM.DLL (win32) and some (abstracted, not Windows
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compatible) low level drivers.
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The implementation can be found in the dlls/winmm/ sub directory.
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0. Overview
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===========
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The multimedia stuff is split into 3 layers. The low level (device
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drivers), mid level (MCI commands) and high level abstraction layers.
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The low level may depend on current hardware and OS services (like
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OSS). Mid level (MCI) and high level must be written independently
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from the hardware and OS services.
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There are two specific low level drivers call mappers (for wave and
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+midi) whose role is to :
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* help choosing one low level driver between many
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* add the possibility to convert stream (ie ADPCM => PCM)
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* add the possibility to filter a stream (adding echo, equalizer...)
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All of those components are defined as DLLs (one by one) and are
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candidate for dllglue migration.
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1. Low level layers
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===================
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Please note that native low level drivers are not currently supported
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in WINE, because they either access hardware components or require
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VxDs to be loaded; WINE does not correctly supports those two so far.
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The following low level layers are implemented:
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1.1 (Wave form) Audio
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---------------------
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MMSYSTEM and WINMM call the real low level audio driver using the
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wodMessage/widMessage which handles the different requests.
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1.1.1 OSS implementation
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The low level audio driver is currently only implemented for the
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OpenSoundSystem (OSS) as supplied in the Linux and FreeBSD kernels by
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[1]4Front Technologies. The presence of this driver is checked by
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configure (depends on the <sys/soundcard.h> file). Source code resides
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in dlls/winmm/wineoss/audio.c,
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The implementation contains all features commonly used, but has
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several problems (see TODO list).
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TODO:
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* add asynchronous reads [recording] (must use threads) as done for
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writes [playing]
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* verify all functions for correctness
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* looping of WaveHdr will fail
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* share access to /dev/dsp with dsound interface (either on a
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descriptor basis, or using a virtual mixer between different wave
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inputs. EsounD provides this type of capability).
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1.1.2 Other sub systems
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None are available. Could think of Sun Audio, remote audio systems
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(using X extensions, ...), ALSA, EsounD
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1.2 MIDI
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--------
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MMSYSTEM and WINMM call the low level driver functions using the
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midMessage and the modMessage functions.
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1.2.1 OSS driver
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The low level audio driver is currently only implemented for the
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OpenSoundSystem (OSS) as supplied in the Linux and FreeBSD kernels by
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[1]4Front Technologies . The presence of this driver is checked by
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configure (depends on the <sys/soundcard.h> file, and also some
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specific defines because MIDI is not supported on all OSes by OSS).
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Source code resides in dlls/winmm/wineoss/midi.c
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Both Midi in and Midi out are provided. The type of MIDI devices
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supported is external MIDI port (requires an MIDI capable device -
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keyboard...) and OPL/2 synthesis (the OPL/2 patches for all
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instruments are in midiPatch.c).
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TODO:
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* use better instrument definition for OPL/2 (midiPatch.c) or use
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existing instrument definition (from playmidi or kmid) with a
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.winerc option
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* have a look at OPL/3 ?
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* implement asynchronous playback of MidiHdr
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* implement STREAM'ed MidiHdr (question: how shall we share the code
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between the midiStream functions in MMSYSTEM/WINMM and the code
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for the low level driver)
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* use a more accurate read mechanism than the one of snooping on
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timers (like select on fd)
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1.2.2 Other sub systems
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Could support other midi implementation for other sub systems (any
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idea here ?)
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Could also implement a software synthesizer, either inside Wine or
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using using MIDI loop back devices in an external program (like
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timidity). The only trouble is that timidity is GPL'ed...
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1.3 Mixer
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---------
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MMSYSTEM and WINMM call the low level driver functions using the
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mixMessage function.
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1.3.1 OSS implementation
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The current implementation uses the OpenSoundSystem mixer, and resides
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in dlls/winmm/wineoss/mixer.c
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TODO:
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* implement notification mechanism when state of mixer's controls
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change
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1.3.2 Other sub systems
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TODO:
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* implement mixing low level drivers for other mixers (ALSA...)
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1.4 AUX
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-------
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The AUX low level driver is the predecessor of the mixer driver
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(introduced in Win 95).
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1.4.1 OSS driver
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The implementation uses the OSS mixer API, and is incomplete.
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TODO:
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* verify the implementation
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* check with what is done in mixer
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* open question: shall we implement it on top of the low level mixer
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functions ?
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1.5 Joystick
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------------
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The API consists of the joy* functions found in dlls/winmm/joystick.c.
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The implementation currently uses the Linux joystick device driver
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API. It is lacking support for enhanced joysticks and has not been
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extensively tested.
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TODO:
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* better support of enhanced joysticks
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* support more joystick drivers (like the XInput extension)
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* should make joystick a separate DLL (impact also on
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WINMM/MMSYSTEM), or a real low level driver, as it is on Windows
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1.6 Wave mapper (msacm.drv)
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---------------------------
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The Wave mapper device allows to load on-demand codecs in order to
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perform software conversion for the types the actual low level driver
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(hardware). Those codecs are provided through the standard ACM
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drivers.
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1.6.1 Build-in
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A first working implementation for wave out as been provided (wave in
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exists, but doesn't allow conversion).
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Wave mapper driver implementation can be found in dlls/winmm/wavemap/
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directory. This driver heavily relies on MSACM and MSACM32 DLLs which
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can be found in dlls/msacm and dlls/msacm32. Those DLLs load ACM
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drivers which provide the conversion to PCM format (which is normally
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supported by low level drivers). ADPCM, MP3... fit into the category
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of non PCM formats.
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There is currently no builtin ACM driver in Wine, so you must use
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native ones if you're looking for non PCM playback.
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In order to use native ACM drivers to play non PCM files, you must use
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-dll msacm,msacm32,msacm.drv=b. Note that this code is not complete
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yet, and may cause problems. sndrec32 and mplayer from Win95 appear to
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work reasonably well though.
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TODO:
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* do wave in
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* check for correctness and robustness
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1.6.2 Native
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Seems to work quite ok (using of course native MSACM/MSACM32 DLLs)
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Some other testings report some issues while reading back the registry
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settings.
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1.7 MIDI mapper
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---------------
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Midi mapper allows to map each one of 16 MIDI channels to a specific
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instrument on an installed sound card. This allows for example to
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support different MIDI instrument definition (XM, GM...). It also
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permits to output on a per channel basis to different MIDI renderers.
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1.7.1 Built-in
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A builtin MIDI mapper can be found in dlls/winmm/midimap. It only
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provides the pickup of an existing MIDI low level driver for playback.
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TODO:
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* implement the Midi mapper features (channel / instrument on the
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fly modification)
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1.7.2 Native
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Currently, the native midimapper i'm using is not working (mainly
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because it reads low level drivers configuration from registry).
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TODO:
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* let native midimapper driver load
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2. Mid level drivers (MCI)
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==========================
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The mid level drivers are represented by some common API functions,
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mostly mciSendCommand and mciSendString. See status in chapter 3 for
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more information. WINE implements several MCI mid level drivers
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(status is given for both built-in and native implementation):
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TODO: (apply to all built-in MCI drivers)
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* use mmsystem multitasking caps instead of the home grown
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2.1 CDAUDIO
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-----------
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2.1.1 Built-in
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The currently best implementation is the MCI CDAUDIO driver that can
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be found in dlls/winmm/mcicda/mcicda.c. The implementation is mostly
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complete, there have been no reports of errors. It makes use of
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misc/cdrom.c Wine internal cdrom interface.
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This interface has been ported on Linux, FreeBSD and NetBSD. (Sun
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should be similar, but are not implemented.)
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A very small example of a cdplayer consists just of the line
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mciSendString("play cdaudio",NULL,0,0);
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TODO:
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* add support for other cdaudio drivers (Solaris...)
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* add support for multiple cdaudio devices
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2.1.2 Native
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Native MCICDA works also correctly... It uses the mscdex traps (on int
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2f).
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2.2 MCIWAVE
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-----------
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2.2.1 Built-in
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The implementation is rather complete and can be found in
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dlls/winmm/mciwave/audio.c. It uses the low level audio API (although
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not abstracted correctly).
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FIXME:
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* The MCI_STATUS command is broken.
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TODO:
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* check for correctness
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* better use of asynchronous playback from low level
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* record has to be checked
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* MCI_CUE command is broken
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* better implement non waiting command (without the MCI_WAIT flag).
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2.2.2 Native
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Native MCIWAVE works also correctly.
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2.3 MCISEQ (MIDI sequencer)
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---------------------------
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2.3.1 Built-in
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The implementation can be found in dlls/winmm/mciseq/mcimidi.c. Except
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from the Record command, should be close to completion (except for non
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blocking commands).
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TODO:
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* implement it correctly
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* finish asynchronous commands (especially for reading/record)
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* better implement non waiting command (without the MCI_WAIT flag).
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2.3.2 Native
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Native MCIMIDI has been working but is currently blocked by scheduling
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issues (mmTaskXXX no longer work).
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FIXME:
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* midiStreamPlay get from time to time an incorrect MidiHdr when
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using the native MCI sequencer
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2.4 MCIANIM
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-----------
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2.4.1 Built-in
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The implementation consists of stubs and is in dlls/winmm/mcianim.c.
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TODO:
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* implement it, probably using xanim or something similar.
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2.4.2 Native
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Native MCIANIM is reported to work (but requires native video DLLs
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also).
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2.5 MCIAVI
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----------
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2.5.1 Built-in
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The implementation consists of stubs and is in
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dlls/winmm/mciavi/mciavi.c.
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TODO:
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* implement it, probably using xanim or something similar.
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2.5.2 Native
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Native MCIAVI is reported to work (but requires native video DLLs
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also). Some files exhibit some deadlock issues anyway.
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3 High level layers
|
||||
===================
|
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|
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The rest (basically the MMSYSTEM and WINMM DLLs entry points). It also
|
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provides the skeleton for the core functionality for multimedia
|
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rendering. Note that native MMSYSTEM and WINMM do not currently work
|
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under WINE and there is no plan to support them (it would require to
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also fully support VxD, which is not done yet).
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MCI and low level drivers can either be 16 or 32 bit.
|
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TODO:
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* it seems that some program check what's installed in registry
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against value returned by drivers. Wine is currently broken
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regarding this point.
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* add clean-up mechanisms when process detaches from MM DLLs
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* prepare for the 16/32 big split
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* check thread-safeness for MMSYSTEM and WINMM entry points
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* unicode entry points are badly supported
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3.1 MCI skeleton
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----------------
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Implementation of what is needed to load/unload MCI drivers, and to
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pass correct information to them. This is implemented in
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dlls/winmm/mci.c. The mciSendString function uses command strings,
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which are translated into normal MCI commands as used by
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mciSendCommand with the help of command tables. The API can be found
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in dlls/winmm/mmsystem.c and dlls/winmm/mci.c. The functions there
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(mciOpen,mciSysInfo) handle mid level driver allocation and calls. The
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implementation is not complete.
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MCI drivers are seen as regular WINE modules, and can be loaded (with
|
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a correct load order between built-in, native, elfdll, so), as any
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other DLL. Please note, that MCI drivers module names must bear the
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.drv extension to be correctly understood.
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The list of available MCI drivers is obtained as follows:
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1. key 'mci' in [option] section from .winerc (or wineconf)
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mci=CDAUDIO:SEQUENCER gives the list of MCI drivers (names, in
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uppercase only) to be used in WINE.
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2. This list, when defined, supersedes the mci key in
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c:\windows\system.ini
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Note that native VIDEODISC crashes when the module is loaded, which
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occurs when the MCI procedures are initialised. Make sure that this is
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not in the list from above. Try adding:
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mci=CDAUDIO:SEQUENCER:WAVEAUDIO:AVIVIDEO:MPEGVIDEO
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to the [options] section of wine.conf.
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TODO:
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* correctly handle the MCI_ALL_DEVICE_ID in functions.
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* finish mapping 16 <=> 32 of MCI structures and commands
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* MCI_SOUND is not handled correctly (should not be sent to MCI
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driver => same behavior as MCI_BREAK)
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* do not display module warning when failed to 32-bit load a 16 bit
|
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module when 16 bit load can succeed (and the other way around)
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* implement auto-open feature (ie, when a string command is issued
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for a not yet opened device, MCI automatically opens it)
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|
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3.2 MCI multi-tasking
|
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---------------------
|
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|
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Multi-tasking capabilities used for the MCI drivers are provided in
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dlls/winmm/mmsystem.c.
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|
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TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
mmTaskXXX functions are currently broken because the 16 loader does
|
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not support binary command lines => provide Wine's own mmtask.tsk not
|
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using binary command line.
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|
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the Wine native MCI drivers should use the mmThreadXXX API and no
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longer use the MCI_AsyncCommand hack.
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3.3 Timers
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
It currently uses a service thread, run in the context of the calling
|
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process, which should correctly mimic Windows behavior.
|
||||
|
||||
TODO:
|
||||
* Check if minimal time is satisfactory for most programs.
|
||||
* current implementation may let a timer tick (once) after it has
|
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been destroyed
|
||||
|
||||
3.4 MMIO
|
||||
--------
|
||||
|
||||
The API consists of the mmio* functions found in mdlls/winmm/mmio.c.
|
||||
Seems to work ok in most of the cases. There's some linear/segmented
|
||||
issues with 16 bit code.
|
||||
|
||||
3.5 sndPlayXXX functions
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Seem to work correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
4 Multimedia configuration
|
||||
==========================
|
||||
|
||||
Currently, multimedia configuration heavily relies on Win 3.x
|
||||
configuration model.
|
||||
|
||||
4.1 Drivers
|
||||
-----------
|
||||
|
||||
Since all multimedia drivers (MCI, low level ones, ACM drivers,
|
||||
mappers) are, at first, drivers they need to appear in the [mci] or
|
||||
[mci32] section of the system.ini file.
|
||||
Since all drivers are, at first, DLLs, you can choose to load their
|
||||
Wine's (builtin) or Windows (native) version.
|
||||
|
||||
4.2 MCI
|
||||
-------
|
||||
|
||||
A default [mci] section (in system.ini) looks like (see the note above
|
||||
on videodisc):
|
||||
|
||||
[mci]
|
||||
cdaudio=mcicda.drv
|
||||
sequencer=mciseq.drv
|
||||
waveaudio=mciwave.drv
|
||||
avivideo=mciavi.drv
|
||||
videodisc=mcipionr.drv
|
||||
vcr=mcivisca.drv
|
||||
MPEGVideo=mciqtz.drv
|
||||
|
||||
By default, the list of loadable MCI drivers will be made of those
|
||||
drivers (in the [mci] section).
|
||||
|
||||
The list of loadable (recognized) MCI drivers can be altered in the
|
||||
[option] section of wine.conf, like:
|
||||
mci=CDAUDIO:SEQUENCER:WAVEAUDIO:AVIVIDEO:MPEGVIDEO
|
||||
|
||||
TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
use a default registry setting to bypass this (ugly) configuration
|
||||
model
|
||||
|
||||
4.3 Low level drivers
|
||||
---------------------
|
||||
|
||||
They are currently hardcoded in dlls/winmm/lolvldrv.c.
|
||||
|
||||
TODO:
|
||||
|
||||
use a default registry setting to provide a decent configuration
|
||||
model. this shall also help some programs to work (some of them test
|
||||
the names returned by low level drivers with the ones defined and
|
||||
installed in the registry)
|
||||
|
||||
4.4 ACM
|
||||
-------
|
||||
|
||||
To be done (use the same mechanism as MCI drivers configuration).
|
||||
|
||||
5 Multimedia architecture
|
||||
=========================
|
||||
|
||||
5.1 Windows 9x multimedia architecture
|
||||
--------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
Kernel space | Client applications
|
||||
|
|
||||
| | | ^ ^ | | | |
|
||||
| 16>| |<32 16>| |<32 16>| |<32 16>| |<32
|
||||
| | v | | | v | v
|
||||
| +----|-----------|---------|------------|-------+
|
||||
| | | | | | | WinMM.dll
|
||||
| | | | | | | 32 bit
|
||||
| +----|-----------|---------|------------|-------+
|
||||
| | | | ^ | | |
|
||||
| +------+ | |<16 | | | |<16 |
|
||||
| | 16>| | | | | | | |
|
||||
| | v v v | | v v v
|
||||
| | +---------------+---+-------------+-------------+
|
||||
| | | waveInXXX | | mciXXX | *playSound* |
|
||||
| | | waveOutXXX | | | mmioXXX |
|
||||
| | | midiInXXX | | | timeXXX |
|
||||
| | | midiOutXXX | | | driverXXX |
|
||||
| | | midiStreamXXX | | | | MMSystem.dll
|
||||
| | | mixerXXX | | | | 16 bit
|
||||
+--------+ | | | auxXXX +---+ +---+ mmThread| |
|
||||
|MMDEVLDR|<------->| joyXXX | Call back | mmTask | |
|
||||
+--------+ | | +-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+
|
||||
^ | | | ^ ^ | ^
|
||||
| | | 16>| |<16>| 16>| |<16
|
||||
v | | v | | v |
|
||||
+--------+ | | +-------------+ +----------+
|
||||
| VxD |<------->| .drv | | mci*.drv |
|
||||
+--------+ | | +--------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | | msacmm.drv | | mciwave |
|
||||
| | +--------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | | midimap.drv | | mcimidi |
|
||||
| | +-------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | Low-level drivers | ... | MCI drivers
|
||||
| | +----------+
|
||||
| | |
|
||||
| | |<16
|
||||
| +-------------------------------+
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
The important points to notice are:
|
||||
* all drivers (and most of the core code) is 16 bit
|
||||
* all hardware (or most of it) dependant code reside in the kernel
|
||||
space (which is not surprising)
|
||||
|
||||
5.2 Wine multimedia architecture
|
||||
--------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
||||
Kernel space | Client applications
|
||||
|
|
||||
| | | ^ ^ | | | |
|
||||
| 16>| |<32 16>| |<32 16>| |<32 16>| |<32
|
||||
| | | | | | | | |
|
||||
| +------+ | | | | | | | |
|
||||
| |32/16>| | | | | | | | |
|
||||
| | v v v | | v v v v
|
||||
| | +---------------+---+-------------+-------------+
|
||||
| | | waveInXXX | | mciXXX | *playSound* |
|
||||
| | | waveOutXXX | | | mmioXXX | WinMM.dll
|
||||
| | | midiInXXX | | | timeXXX | 32 bit
|
||||
| | | midiOutXXX | | | driverXXX |
|
||||
| | | midiStreamXXX | | | | MSystem.dll
|
||||
| | | mixerXXX | | | | 16 bit
|
||||
| | | auxXXX +---+ +---+ mmThread| |
|
||||
| | | joyXXX | Call back | mmTask | |
|
||||
| | +-----------+-----------+---------+-------------+
|
||||
| | | | ^ ^ || ^^
|
||||
| | 16>| |<32 |<16>| 16>||<32>||<16
|
||||
| | v v |<32>| vv ||
|
||||
+---------+ | | +-------------+ +----------+
|
||||
|HW driver|<------->| .drv | | mci*.drv |
|
||||
+---------+ | | +--------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | | msacmm.drv | | mciwave |
|
||||
| | +--------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | | midimap.drv | | mcimidi |
|
||||
| | +-------------+ +-----------+
|
||||
| | Low-level drivers | ... | MCI drivers
|
||||
| | +----------+
|
||||
| | |
|
||||
| | |<32/16
|
||||
| +-------------------------------+
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
From the previous drawings, the most noticeable difference are:
|
||||
* low-level drivers can either be 16 or 32 bit
|
||||
* MCI drivers can either be 16 or 32 bit
|
||||
* MMSystem and WinMM will be hosted in a single elfglue library
|
||||
* no link between the MMSystem/WinMM pair on kernel space shall
|
||||
exist. For example, there will be a low level driver to talk to a
|
||||
UNIX OSS (Open Sound System) driver
|
||||
* all built-in drivers (low-level and MCI) will be written as 32 bit
|
||||
drivers
|
||||
all native drivers will be 16 bits drivers
|
||||
|
||||
______________________________________________________
|
||||
|
||||
Last updated: 6, December 1999
|
||||
By: Eric Pouech (eric.pouech@wanadoo.fr)
|
||||
|
||||
References
|
||||
|
||||
1. http://www.4front-tech.com/
|
||||
|
|
@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
|
|||
<!entity tools SYSTEM "tools.sgml">
|
||||
<!entity dlls SYSTEM "dlls.sgml">
|
||||
<!entity cvs-regression SYSTEM "cvs-regression.sgml">
|
||||
<!entity multimedia SYSTEM "multimedia.sgml">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- *** Entities for Wine Developer Guide *** -->
|
||||
<!entity winelib-user SYSTEM "winelib-user.sgml">
|
||||
|
|
@ -103,6 +104,7 @@
|
|||
&opengl;
|
||||
&build;
|
||||
&dlls;
|
||||
&multimedia;
|
||||
</part>
|
||||
|
||||
<part>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue